{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2143550882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2010.2054591","title":"A Low-Phase-Noise Multi-Phase Oscillator Based on Left-Handed LC-Ring","display_name":"A Low-Phase-Noise Multi-Phase Oscillator Based on Left-Handed LC-Ring","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-08-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2143550882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2010.2054591","mag":"2143550882"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2010.2054591","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2010.2054591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039012798","display_name":"Guansheng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3982-0562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guansheng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA","Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016591325","display_name":"Ehsan Afshari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4528-1788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehsan Afshari","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA","Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039012798"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5879,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96171688,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"9","first_page":"1822","last_page":"1833"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.8774266242980957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.6809943914413452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbc","display_name":"dBc","score":0.6262304186820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oscillator-phase-noise","display_name":"Oscillator phase noise","score":0.5885741710662842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/figure-of-merit","display_name":"Figure of merit","score":0.5189359188079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-oscillator","display_name":"Electronic oscillator","score":0.49408748745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.48739415407180786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resonator","display_name":"Resonator","score":0.4835526645183563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.46542853116989136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-oscillator","display_name":"Local oscillator","score":0.4395716190338135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.41723114252090454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4110875725746155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3746896982192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.370508074760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.3481152057647705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.3052637577056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.2844122052192688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27912601828575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.24156436324119568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.21768274903297424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-figure","display_name":"Noise figure","score":0.16804808378219604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.08399966359138489}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.8774266242980957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.6809943914413452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193523891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771950","display_name":"dBc","level":3,"score":0.6262304186820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26571440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7106415","display_name":"Oscillator phase noise","level":5,"score":0.5885741710662842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130277099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3676605","display_name":"Figure of merit","level":2,"score":0.5189359188079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184492301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249997","display_name":"Electronic oscillator","level":4,"score":0.49408748745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.48739415407180786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97126364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349669","display_name":"Resonator","level":2,"score":0.4835526645183563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.46542853116989136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203597036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1238887","display_name":"Local oscillator","level":3,"score":0.4395716190338135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.41723114252090454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4110875725746155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3746896982192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.370508074760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.3481152057647705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3052637577056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.2844122052192688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27912601828575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24156436324119568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.21768274903297424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112806910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746825","display_name":"Noise figure","level":4,"score":0.16804808378219604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.08399966359138489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2010.2054591","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2010.2054591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.732.2242","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.732.2242","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://unic.ece.cornell.edu/Publications/J12.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W391578156","https://openalex.org/W606472541","https://openalex.org/W1493934109","https://openalex.org/W1506520209","https://openalex.org/W1520011136","https://openalex.org/W1569638374","https://openalex.org/W1898882371","https://openalex.org/W1907766519","https://openalex.org/W1963587099","https://openalex.org/W1967362464","https://openalex.org/W1969486485","https://openalex.org/W1998668465","https://openalex.org/W2028303831","https://openalex.org/W2095625102","https://openalex.org/W2099801150","https://openalex.org/W2102689319","https://openalex.org/W2103745509","https://openalex.org/W2104340505","https://openalex.org/W2106432827","https://openalex.org/W2107145322","https://openalex.org/W2108324407","https://openalex.org/W2111079473","https://openalex.org/W2117413393","https://openalex.org/W2118565267","https://openalex.org/W2125599970","https://openalex.org/W2143392198","https://openalex.org/W2150328638","https://openalex.org/W2151014195","https://openalex.org/W2160966443","https://openalex.org/W2161493138","https://openalex.org/W2161770961","https://openalex.org/W2166116685","https://openalex.org/W2303012689","https://openalex.org/W2306738904","https://openalex.org/W2610857016","https://openalex.org/W3186331585","https://openalex.org/W4229594554","https://openalex.org/W4298334616","https://openalex.org/W6630253947","https://openalex.org/W6642012813","https://openalex.org/W6673997491"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2223905331","https://openalex.org/W347130690","https://openalex.org/W2963095409","https://openalex.org/W2239802700","https://openalex.org/W2765681270","https://openalex.org/W1970256654","https://openalex.org/W2020373460","https://openalex.org/W2541003623","https://openalex.org/W2003700990","https://openalex.org/W1999673508"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,62],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,27,58,65,88,113,123,136,144,160],"distributed":[4],"multi-phase":[5,33],"oscillator":[6,83,103,126],"based":[7,86],"on":[8,87],"left-handed":[9],"LC-ring.":[10],"In":[11],"contrast":[12],"to":[13],"traditional":[14],"designs":[15],"that":[16,31],"couple":[17],"multiple":[18,48],"LC-tanks":[19],"through":[20],"MOSFETs,":[21],"it":[22,45],"uses":[23],"an":[24],"LC-ring":[25,82,125],"as":[26,57],"single":[28],"high-order":[29],"resonator":[30,98],"generates":[32],"resonant":[34],"signal.":[35],"By":[36],"avoiding":[37],"coupling":[38],"MOSFETs":[39],"which":[40],"deteriorate":[41],"phase":[42,72,78,137],"noise":[43,79,138],"significantly,":[44],"can":[46],"synthesize":[47],"phases":[49],"while":[50,143],"maintaining":[51],"the":[52,77,81,94,100],"same":[53],"phase-noise":[54],"figure-of-merit":[55],"(FoM)":[56],"single-stage":[59,145],"LC":[60],"oscillator.":[61],"also":[63,92],"provides":[64],"systematic":[66],"way":[67],"of":[68,80,96,102,139],"trading":[69],"power":[70],"for":[71],"noise.":[73],"The":[74],"dynamics":[75],"and":[76,134,153,166],"are":[84],"analyzed":[85],"mode-decomposition":[89],"model.":[90],"We":[91],"address":[93],"duality":[95],"left-/right-handed":[97],"in":[99,104,112],"context":[101],"detail.":[105],"These":[106],"analysis":[107],"was":[108],"verified":[109],"by":[110],"prototypes":[111],"0.13":[114],"\u03bcm":[115],"CMOS":[116],"process":[117],"with":[118],"0.5":[119],"V":[120],"supply":[121],"voltage:":[122],"four-stage":[124],"at":[127,147],"5.12":[128],"GHz":[129,149],"draws":[130,150],"8":[131],"mA":[132,152],"current":[133],"achieves":[135,154],"-121.6":[140],"dBc/Hz@600":[141,156],"kHz,":[142],"one":[146],"5.34":[148],"2":[151],"-116.1":[155],"kHz.":[157],"There":[158],"is":[159],"good":[161],"agreement":[162],"among":[163],"analysis,":[164],"simulation,":[165],"measurement.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}