{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2046431022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2010.2049793","title":"Progress and Challenges Towards Terahertz CMOS Integrated Circuits","display_name":"Progress and Challenges Towards Terahertz CMOS Integrated Circuits","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2046431022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2010.2049793","mag":"2046431022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2010.2049793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2010.2049793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058046643","display_name":"Eunyoung Seok","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74760111","display_name":"Texas Instruments (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vsmv677","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eunyoung Seok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103115707","display_name":"Dongha Shim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6070-3790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongha Shim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110135929","display_name":"Chuying Mao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74760111","display_name":"Texas Instruments (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vsmv677","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37891753","display_name":"Integrated Device Technology (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03yvs0f43","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37891753","https://openalex.org/I4210153176"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuying Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrated Device Technologies, Inc., Tyngsboro, MA, USA","Texas Instruments Inc, Tyngsboro, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrated Device Technologies, Inc., Tyngsboro, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37891753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Instruments Inc, Tyngsboro, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100751337","display_name":"Ruonan Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruonan Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026725365","display_name":"Swaminathan Sankaran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74760111","display_name":"Texas Instruments (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vsmv677","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Swaminathan Sankaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101003132","display_name":"Changhua Cao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changhua Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["MediaTek Inc., Austin, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MediaTek Inc., Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004433337","display_name":"W. Knap","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4537-8712"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19894307","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier","ror":"https://ror.org/051escj72","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19894307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wojciech Knap","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Montpellier2, Montpellier, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Montpellier2, Montpellier, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19894307","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110087997","display_name":"Kenneth K. O","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117023288","display_name":"Analog Devices (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01545pm61","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth K. O","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Texas, Dallas, TX, USA","Texas Analog Center of Excellence Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Technology, Dallas, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Texas, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Analog Center of Excellence Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Technology, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058046643"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.4514,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":145,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98730956,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"8","first_page":"1554","last_page":"1564"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10752","display_name":"Terahertz technology and applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10752","display_name":"Terahertz technology and applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11803","display_name":"Superconducting and THz Device Technology","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.822100043296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schottky-diode","display_name":"Schottky diode","score":0.6976322531700134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terahertz-radiation","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","score":0.6842495799064636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.6786577105522156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.6224113702774048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nmos-logic","display_name":"NMOS logic","score":0.5887083411216736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.5172420144081116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4914044141769409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.4745693504810333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.4529886543750763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.44722995162010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-circuit","display_name":"Integrated circuit","score":0.4156262278556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3606484532356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diode","display_name":"Diode","score":0.3206939399242401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.25259411334991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24610310792922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17509639263153076}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.822100043296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205200001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176066","display_name":"Schottky diode","level":3,"score":0.6976322531700134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107816215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647887","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","level":2,"score":0.6842495799064636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.6786577105522156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.6224113702774048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197162436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83908","display_name":"NMOS logic","level":4,"score":0.5887083411216736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.5172420144081116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4914044141769409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.4745693504810333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.4529886543750763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.44722995162010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.4156262278556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3606484532356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.3206939399242401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.25259411334991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24610310792922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17509639263153076}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2010.2049793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2010.2049793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-00546334v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-00546334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference San Jose, CA, Sep 2009, United States. pp.1554","raw_type":"Conference papers"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980301043","https://openalex.org/W1985714986","https://openalex.org/W2010937218","https://openalex.org/W2026418275","https://openalex.org/W2028596139","https://openalex.org/W2041245232","https://openalex.org/W2044929578","https://openalex.org/W2053407685","https://openalex.org/W2076044555","https://openalex.org/W2078616467","https://openalex.org/W2081124556","https://openalex.org/W2099594883","https://openalex.org/W2104029590","https://openalex.org/W2108506242","https://openalex.org/W2108938447","https://openalex.org/W2118979758","https://openalex.org/W2119925638","https://openalex.org/W2120801882","https://openalex.org/W2122765670","https://openalex.org/W2125509013","https://openalex.org/W2128361799","https://openalex.org/W2129546514","https://openalex.org/W2134832793","https://openalex.org/W2135544318","https://openalex.org/W2137002432","https://openalex.org/W2145140762","https://openalex.org/W2145450640","https://openalex.org/W2151386067","https://openalex.org/W2161645038","https://openalex.org/W2162681731","https://openalex.org/W2163743881","https://openalex.org/W2170043359","https://openalex.org/W2171221168","https://openalex.org/W2542228656","https://openalex.org/W2612413687","https://openalex.org/W4246105043","https://openalex.org/W4298877082","https://openalex.org/W6678308837","https://openalex.org/W6679145232"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2070109416","https://openalex.org/W1523213765","https://openalex.org/W2217098757","https://openalex.org/W2088771128","https://openalex.org/W2040399070","https://openalex.org/W2388316590","https://openalex.org/W4388486464","https://openalex.org/W2990854436","https://openalex.org/W4383162843","https://openalex.org/W2132395751"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Key":[0],"components":[1],"of":[2,78],"systems":[3,93],"operating":[4],"at":[5,52],"high":[6],"millimeter":[7],"wave":[8,64],"and":[9,36,60,74,81,92],"sub-millimeter":[10],"wave/terahertz":[11],"frequencies,":[12],"a":[13,24,37,43,48,55,61,107],"140-GHz":[14],"fundamental":[15],"mode":[16],"voltage":[17],"controlled":[18],"oscillator":[19],"(VCO)":[20],"in":[21,33,66,85],"90-nm":[22],"CMOS,":[23,35,86],"410-GHz":[25],"push-push":[26],"VCO":[27],"with":[28,47],"an":[29],"on-chip":[30],"patch":[31],"antenna":[32],"45-nm":[34],"125-GHz":[38],"Schottky":[39,57,82],"diode":[40,58],"frequency":[41,49],"doubler,":[42],"50-GHz":[44],"phase-locked":[45],"loop":[46],"doubled":[50],"output":[51],"100":[53],"GHz,":[54],"180-GHz":[56],"detector":[59,65],"700-GHz":[62],"plasma":[63],"130-nm":[67],"CMOS":[68,90,105],"are":[69,101],"demonstrated.":[70],"Based":[71],"on":[72],"these,":[73],"the":[75,111],"performance":[76],"trends":[77],"nMOS":[79],"transistors":[80],"diodes":[83],"fabricated":[84],"paths":[87],"to":[88],"terahertz":[89,104],"circuits":[91,114],"including":[94],"key":[95],"challenges":[96],"that":[97],"must":[98],"be":[99],"addressed":[100],"suggested.":[102],"The":[103],"is":[106],"new":[108],"opportunity":[109],"for":[110],"silicon":[112],"integrated":[113],"community.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
