{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2151984350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2009.2021914","title":"A 66 $\\mu$W 86 ppm$/^{\\circ}$C Fully-Integrated 6 MHz Wienbridge Oscillator With a 172 dB Phase Noise FOM","display_name":"A 66 $\\mu$W 86 ppm$/^{\\circ}$C Fully-Integrated 6 MHz Wienbridge Oscillator With a 172 dB Phase Noise FOM","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2151984350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2009.2021914","mag":"2151984350"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2009.2021914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2009.2021914","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/248708","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083857679","display_name":"Valentijn De Smedt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-253X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Valentijn De Smedt","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESAT-MICAS, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESAT-MICAS, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108501153","display_name":"Pieter De Wit","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pieter De Wit","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESAT-MICAS, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESAT-MICAS, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089324131","display_name":"Wim Vereecken","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wim Vereecken","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESAT-MICAS, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESAT-MICAS, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051481722","display_name":"Michiel Steyaert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6398-8325"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michiel S. J. Steyaert","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESAT-MICAS, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESAT-MICAS, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083857679"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.9815,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96587572,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"7","first_page":"1990","last_page":"2001"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/figure-of-merit","display_name":"Figure of merit","score":0.778785228729248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.7558366060256958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oscillator-phase-noise","display_name":"Oscillator phase noise","score":0.5917439460754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.5117361545562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5068963170051575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.48385536670684814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oscillation","display_name":"Oscillation (cell signaling)","score":0.4601069688796997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.45565083622932434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-offset","display_name":"Frequency offset","score":0.45376574993133545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4532604217529297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-coefficient","display_name":"Temperature coefficient","score":0.4427480399608612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.4046115279197693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3990786671638489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3820243775844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-figure","display_name":"Noise figure","score":0.37520959973335266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.36597830057144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.25645047426223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2199733853340149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20021387934684753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.17514950037002563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.1217854917049408}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130277099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3676605","display_name":"Figure of merit","level":2,"score":0.778785228729248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.7558366060256958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26571440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7106415","display_name":"Oscillator phase noise","level":5,"score":0.5917439460754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.5117361545562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5068963170051575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.48385536670684814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778439541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7106412","display_name":"Oscillation (cell signaling)","level":2,"score":0.4601069688796997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.45565083622932434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49319798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502874","display_name":"Frequency offset","level":4,"score":0.45376574993133545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4532604217529297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16643434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898642","display_name":"Temperature coefficient","level":2,"score":0.4427480399608612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.4046115279197693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3990786671638489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3820243775844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112806910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746825","display_name":"Noise figure","level":4,"score":0.37520959973335266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.36597830057144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.25645047426223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2199733853340149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20021387934684753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.17514950037002563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.1217854917049408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2009.2021914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2009.2021914","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/248708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/248708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 44 (7), (1990-2001)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/248708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/248708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 44 (7), (1990-2001)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494912991","https://openalex.org/W1568895036","https://openalex.org/W1909874305","https://openalex.org/W1982460772","https://openalex.org/W2006390286","https://openalex.org/W2048081069","https://openalex.org/W2050578354","https://openalex.org/W2062327827","https://openalex.org/W2090621948","https://openalex.org/W2104340505","https://openalex.org/W2105579345","https://openalex.org/W2110144707","https://openalex.org/W2110718157","https://openalex.org/W2116295576","https://openalex.org/W2117790315","https://openalex.org/W2124367134","https://openalex.org/W2131917361","https://openalex.org/W2133751950","https://openalex.org/W2135219208","https://openalex.org/W2140823559","https://openalex.org/W2147610006","https://openalex.org/W2155484154","https://openalex.org/W2170551682","https://openalex.org/W2177234299","https://openalex.org/W4240748919","https://openalex.org/W6629586830","https://openalex.org/W6675699862"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2548445471","https://openalex.org/W2009604072","https://openalex.org/W2134953769","https://openalex.org/W2056190322","https://openalex.org/W2310805173","https://openalex.org/W1989378595","https://openalex.org/W3114516826","https://openalex.org/W2101507398","https://openalex.org/W2151984350","https://openalex.org/W2945756066"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,43,55],"design":[4],"of":[5,42,54,62,73,79,106,115],"a":[6,59,70,91,112],"new":[7],"Wienbridge":[8],"topology.":[9],"Its":[10],"phase":[11,103],"noise":[12,36,104],"performance,":[13],"low":[14,18],"temperature":[15,40,60],"dependency":[16],"and":[17,30,69,87],"power":[19],"consumption":[20],"make":[21],"it":[22],"suitable":[23],"for":[24],"use":[25],"in":[26,90],"wireless":[27],"sensor":[28,32],"nodes":[29],"time-based":[31],"readout":[33],"circuitry.":[34],"The":[35,82,101],"as":[37,39],"well":[38],"behavior":[41],"oscillator":[44],"is":[45,88,108],"explained":[46],"using":[47],"extensive":[48],"calculations.":[49],"Measurements":[50],"on":[51],"7":[52],"samples":[53],"same":[56],"batch":[57],"show":[58],"stability":[61],"86":[63],"ppm/":[64],"<sup":[65],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[66],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">deg</sup>":[67],"C":[68],"measured":[71,102],"spread":[72],"0.9%":[74],"at":[75,111],"an":[76],"oscillation":[77],"frequency":[78,113],"6":[80],"MHz.":[81],"circuit":[83],"consumes":[84],"66":[85],"muW":[86],"realized":[89],"65":[92],"nm":[93],"technology":[94],"measuring":[95],"150":[96],"mum":[97],"by":[98],"200":[99],"mum.":[100],"figure":[105],"merit":[107],"172":[109],"dB":[110],"offset":[114],"100":[116],"kHz.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}