{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162756614","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2009.2017971","title":"A Millimeter-Wave (40\u201345 GHz) 16-Element Phased-Array Transmitter in 0.18-$\\mu$m SiGe BiCMOS Technology","display_name":"A Millimeter-Wave (40\u201345 GHz) 16-Element Phased-Array Transmitter in 0.18-$\\mu$m SiGe BiCMOS Technology","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162756614","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2009.2017971","mag":"2162756614"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2009.2017971","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2009.2017971","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050456027","display_name":"Kwang-Jin Koh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3921-640X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kwang-Jin Koh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037706573","display_name":"J. May","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason W. May","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006411685","display_name":"Gabriel M. Rebeiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7812-5132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel M. Rebeiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050456027"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.4769,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":155,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99393623,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"5","first_page":"1498","last_page":"1509"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.697394609451294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bicmos","display_name":"BiCMOS","score":0.6272232532501221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wilkinson-power-divider","display_name":"Wilkinson power divider","score":0.5954031944274902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5849418640136719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.5136892199516296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-module","display_name":"Phase shift module","score":0.49972987174987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.471988707780838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.34403765201568604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.32041269540786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.29312777519226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.2867571711540222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-divider","display_name":"Frequency divider","score":0.28235363960266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-dividers-and-directional-couplers","display_name":"Power dividers and directional couplers","score":0.2571696639060974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insertion-loss","display_name":"Insertion loss","score":0.2245306670665741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.12997475266456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.12293297052383423}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.697394609451294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62427370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173416","display_name":"BiCMOS","level":4,"score":0.6272232532501221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184028887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q265565","display_name":"Wilkinson power divider","level":4,"score":0.5954031944274902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5849418640136719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.5136892199516296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103864889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4480524","display_name":"Phase shift module","level":3,"score":0.49972987174987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.471988707780838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.34403765201568604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.32041269540786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29312777519226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.2867571711540222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74982907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455624","display_name":"Frequency divider","level":3,"score":0.28235363960266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202988678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417986","display_name":"Power dividers and directional couplers","level":2,"score":0.2571696639060974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90327742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947396","display_name":"Insertion loss","level":2,"score":0.2245306670665741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.12997475266456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.12293297052383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2009.2017971","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2009.2017971","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17732622","https://openalex.org/W653761051","https://openalex.org/W1904352833","https://openalex.org/W1983647929","https://openalex.org/W1991182714","https://openalex.org/W2029415254","https://openalex.org/W2045522226","https://openalex.org/W2080341142","https://openalex.org/W2097735502","https://openalex.org/W2103078041","https://openalex.org/W2109083062","https://openalex.org/W2109919137","https://openalex.org/W2114346573","https://openalex.org/W2119320964","https://openalex.org/W2126811486","https://openalex.org/W2131556268","https://openalex.org/W2140106939","https://openalex.org/W2142670634","https://openalex.org/W2144064530","https://openalex.org/W2148433342","https://openalex.org/W2149907548","https://openalex.org/W2150078633","https://openalex.org/W2151551153","https://openalex.org/W2165365566","https://openalex.org/W2168176773","https://openalex.org/W2169292152","https://openalex.org/W2798875205","https://openalex.org/W3216320952","https://openalex.org/W4229594554","https://openalex.org/W4230282064","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2151493112","https://openalex.org/W2368851831","https://openalex.org/W1976582848","https://openalex.org/W2978186478","https://openalex.org/W2112200261","https://openalex.org/W2388092979","https://openalex.org/W2120290218","https://openalex.org/W2094564888","https://openalex.org/W2020407408","https://openalex.org/W2799709534"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"demonstrates":[2],"a":[3,8,33,83,96,262],"16-element":[4],"phased-array":[5,79],"transmitter":[6,19,80,185],"in":[7,82],"standard":[9],"0.18-mum":[10],"SiGe":[11],"BiCMOS":[12],"technology":[13],"for":[14,56,72,118],"Q-band":[15],"satellite":[16],"applications.":[17],"The":[18,78,103,126,147,160,184,256],"array":[20],"is":[21,107,116,153,166,175,216,271],"based":[22],"on":[23],"the":[24,47,57,69,73,112,170,201,225,234,268],"all-RF":[25],"architecture":[26],"with":[27,95],"4-bit":[28,120],"RF":[29],"phase":[30,114,121,198,207,230],"shifters":[31],"and":[32,40,50,75,111,129,140,169,193,224,229,241,267],"corporate-feed":[34,48],"network.":[35],"A":[36,209],"1:2":[37],"active":[38],"divider":[39,59],"two":[41],"1:8":[42],"passive":[43,58],"tee-junction":[44],"dividers":[45],"constitute":[46],"network,":[49],"three-dimensional":[51],"shielded":[52],"transmission-lines":[53],"are":[54,65,133,237,250],"used":[55],"to":[60,233],"minimize":[61],"area.":[62],"All":[63,248],"signals":[64],"processed":[66],"differentially":[67],"inside":[68],"chip":[70,257,269],"except":[71],"input":[74,128],"output":[76,130,161,173],"interfaces.":[77],"results":[81],"12.5":[84],"dB":[85,110,136,142,188,212,240],"of":[86,100,189,196],"average":[87],"power":[88,174],"gain":[89,98,105,191,228],"per":[90,179],"channel":[91,180],"at":[92,123,137,143,157,181,221,245],"42.5":[93,182],"GHz":[94],"3-dB":[97],"bandwidth":[99],"39.9-45.6":[101],"GHz.":[102,125,159,183,247],"RMS":[104,113,190,197,227],"variation":[106,115,152],"<":[108,117,134,194,238,242],"1.3":[109],"all":[119,206],"states":[122],"35-50":[124,246],"measured":[127,148,217,226],"return":[131],"losses":[132],"-10":[135],"36.6-50":[138],"GHz,":[139,145,223],"<-10":[141],"37.6-50":[144],"respectively.":[146],"peak-to-peak":[149],"group":[150],"delay":[151],"plusmn":[154],"20":[155],"ps":[156],"40-45":[158],"P":[162],"<sub":[163],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[164,275],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">-1dB</sub>":[165],"-5plusmn1.5":[167],"dBm":[168,178],"maximum":[171],"saturated":[172],"-":[176,210],"2.5plusmn1.5":[177],"shows":[186],"<1.8":[187],"mismatch":[192,199],"7deg":[195],"between":[200,218],"16":[202],"different":[203],"channels":[204,220],"over":[205],"states.":[208],"30":[211],"worst-case":[213],"port-to-port":[214],"coupling":[215,236],"adjacent":[219],"30-50":[222],"disturbances":[231],"due":[232],"inter-channel":[235],"0.15":[239],"1deg,":[243],"respectively,":[244],"measurements":[249],"obtained":[251],"without":[252],"any":[253],"on-chip":[254],"calibration.":[255],"consumes":[258],"720":[259],"mA":[260],"from":[261],"5":[263],"V":[264],"supply":[265],"voltage":[266],"size":[270],"2.6times3.2":[272],"mm":[273],"<sup":[274],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[276],".":[277]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-06-05T09:01:59.212387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}