{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160639967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2009.2017005","title":"Radiation Hardening by Design of Asynchronous Logic for Hostile Environments","display_name":"Radiation Hardening by Design of Asynchronous Logic for Hostile Environments","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160639967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2009.2017005","mag":"2160639967"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2009.2017005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2009.2017005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Radiation_Hardening_by_Design_of_Asynchronous_Logic_for_Hostile_Environments/10152404","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113633680","display_name":"David J. Barnhart","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David J. Barnhart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surrey Space Centre, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surrey Space Centre, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062842165","display_name":"Tanya Vladimirova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2476-9741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tanya Vladimirova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surrey Space Centre, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surrey Space Centre, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090301525","display_name":"Martin Sweeting","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4217-8929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin N. Sweeting","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surrey Space Centre, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surrey Space Centre, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113695022","display_name":"Kenneth S. Stevens","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth S. Stevens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113633680"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9144,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78737158,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"5","first_page":"1617","last_page":"1628"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10018","display_name":"Advancements in Battery Materials","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.8237476348876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6192808747291565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5338242053985596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microprocessor","display_name":"Microprocessor","score":0.48660194873809814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.48601824045181274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-hardening","display_name":"Radiation hardening","score":0.471251517534256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.45997855067253113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4596078395843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.4494544565677643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.38165926933288574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25473445653915405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18831011652946472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.0843561589717865}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.8237476348876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6192808747291565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5338242053985596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780728072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5297","display_name":"Microprocessor","level":2,"score":0.48660194873809814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.48601824045181274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119349744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3026015","display_name":"Radiation hardening","level":3,"score":0.471251517534256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.45997855067253113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4596078395843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.4494544565677643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38165926933288574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25473445653915405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18831011652946472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0843561589717865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2009.2017005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2009.2017005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.154.5023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.154.5023","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.kdstevens.com/~stevens/docs/jssc09.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.44SUR_INST:11139003670002346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://openresearch.surrey.ac.uk/esploro/outputs/journalArticle/Radiation-Hardening-by-Design-of-Asynchronous/99513005802346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"View","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:epubs.surrey.ac.uk:830210","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/830210/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400680","display_name":"Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","host_organization_name":"University of Surrey","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/10152404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Radiation_Hardening_by_Design_of_Asynchronous_Logic_for_Hostile_Environments/10152404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lra.le.ac.uk:2381/18949","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2381/18949","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402365","display_name":"Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","host_organization_name":"University of Leicester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scopus","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/10152404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Radiation_Hardening_by_Design_of_Asynchronous_Logic_for_Hostile_Environments/10152404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W148633909","https://openalex.org/W305205369","https://openalex.org/W1537297184","https://openalex.org/W1551962141","https://openalex.org/W1788202492","https://openalex.org/W1837211735","https://openalex.org/W2033724727","https://openalex.org/W2043165230","https://openalex.org/W2085176118","https://openalex.org/W2100229053","https://openalex.org/W2104419627","https://openalex.org/W2107487316","https://openalex.org/W2115557582","https://openalex.org/W2116590506","https://openalex.org/W2120529573","https://openalex.org/W2121914493","https://openalex.org/W2125590418","https://openalex.org/W2136708571","https://openalex.org/W2158535376","https://openalex.org/W2160202849","https://openalex.org/W2161901477","https://openalex.org/W4243513274","https://openalex.org/W4247576025","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4388322781","https://openalex.org/W6610801787"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W39373273","https://openalex.org/W2120447654","https://openalex.org/W2977179488","https://openalex.org/W2116677773","https://openalex.org/W2144453115","https://openalex.org/W2373887801","https://openalex.org/W4297819361","https://openalex.org/W1491017262","https://openalex.org/W1494824878","https://openalex.org/W4294338060"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,98],"wide":[1],"range":[2],"of":[3,10,55,94,104,117,132],"emerging":[4],"applications":[5],"is":[6,110,138],"driving":[7],"the":[8,102],"development":[9,103],"wireless":[11,107],"sensor":[12,108],"node":[13],"technology":[14,127],"towards":[15],"a":[16,42,53,77,83,118],"monolithic":[17,105],"system-on-a-chip":[18,106],"implementation.":[19],"Of":[20],"particular":[21],"interest":[22],"are":[23,128],"hostile":[24],"environment":[25],"scenarios":[26],"where":[27],"radiation":[28,56],"and":[29,62,73,82,114,142],"thermal":[30],"extremes":[31],"exist.":[32],"Radiation":[33],"hardening":[34],"by":[35,140],"design":[36,49,68,80,96,136],"has":[37,59],"been":[38],"recognized":[39],"for":[40],"over":[41],"decade":[43],"as":[44],"an":[45],"alternative":[46],"open-source":[47],"circuit":[48],"approach":[50,137],"to":[51],"mitigate":[52],"spectrum":[54],"effects,":[57],"but":[58],"significant":[60],"power":[61,71],"area":[63,85],"penalties.":[64],"Similarly,":[65],"asynchronous":[66],"logic":[67],"offers":[69],"potential":[70],"savings":[72],"performance":[74],"improvements,":[75],"with":[76],"tradeoff":[78],"in":[79,121],"complexity":[81],"lesser":[84],"penalty.":[86],"These":[87],"side":[88],"effects":[89],"have":[90],"prevented":[91],"wider":[92],"acceptance":[93],"both":[95],"approaches.":[97],"case":[99],"study":[100],"supporting":[101],"nodes":[109],"presented.":[111],"Synchronous,":[112],"hardened,":[113],"asynchronous/hardened":[115,135],"implementations":[116],"textbook":[119],"microprocessor":[120],"0.35":[122],"mum":[123],"austriamicrosystems":[124],"SiGe":[125],"BiCMOS":[126],"compared.":[129],"The":[130],"synergy":[131],"this":[133],"novel":[134],"confirmed":[139],"simulation":[141],"hardware":[143],"results.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}