{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2140513313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2002.1004580","title":"A 0.8-dB NF ESD-Protected 9-mW CMOS LNA operating at 1.23 GHz [for GPS receiver]","display_name":"A 0.8-dB NF ESD-Protected 9-mW CMOS LNA operating at 1.23 GHz [for GPS receiver]","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2140513313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2002.1004580","mag":"2140513313"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2002.1004580","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2002.1004580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016595959","display_name":"Paul Leroux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1790-2428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. Leroux","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Elektrotechniek ESAT-MICAS, Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","Dept. of Elektrotechniek, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Elektrotechniek ESAT-MICAS, Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Elektrotechniek, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003424984","display_name":"Johan Janssens","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Janssens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Elektrotechniek ESAT-MICAS, Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","Dept. of Elektrotechniek, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Elektrotechniek ESAT-MICAS, Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Elektrotechniek, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051481722","display_name":"Michiel Steyaert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6398-8325"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Steyaert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Elektrotechniek ESAT-MICAS, Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","Dept. of Elektrotechniek, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Elektrotechniek ESAT-MICAS, Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Elektrotechniek, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016595959"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.5632,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":80,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98282662,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"6","first_page":"760","last_page":"765"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12495","display_name":"Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11444","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Noise Suppression","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.8577905893325806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-noise-amplifier","display_name":"Low-noise amplifier","score":0.7388908267021179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.650892972946167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-figure","display_name":"Noise figure","score":0.6376986503601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrostatic-discharge","display_name":"Electrostatic discharge","score":0.5522746443748474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.546714723110199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gps-receiver","display_name":"Gps receiver","score":0.5201811790466309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.504909098148346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.49323123693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bicmos","display_name":"BiCMOS","score":0.46709316968917847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-body-model","display_name":"Human-body model","score":0.4426913261413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4318942129611969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microplasma","display_name":"Microplasma","score":0.4162953197956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3453145921230316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24744486808776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2214999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assisted-gps","display_name":"Assisted GPS","score":0.20406028628349304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.16844192147254944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.15499961376190186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma","display_name":"Plasma","score":0.07716724276542664}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.8577905893325806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155332784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151304","display_name":"Low-noise amplifier","level":4,"score":0.7388908267021179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.650892972946167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112806910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746825","display_name":"Noise figure","level":4,"score":0.6376986503601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205483674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3574961","display_name":"Electrostatic discharge","level":3,"score":0.5522746443748474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.546714723110199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987779331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1486497","display_name":"Gps receiver","level":4,"score":0.5201811790466309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.504909098148346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.49323123693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62427370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173416","display_name":"BiCMOS","level":4,"score":0.46709316968917847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5936753","display_name":"Human-body model","level":2,"score":0.4426913261413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4318942129611969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70420769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839915","display_name":"Microplasma","level":3,"score":0.4162953197956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3453145921230316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24744486808776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2214999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198613851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432394","display_name":"Assisted GPS","level":3,"score":0.20406028628349304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.16844192147254944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.15499961376190186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","level":2,"score":0.07716724276542664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2002.1004580","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2002.1004580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/668307","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gateway.newisiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=CCC&SrcApp=PRODUCT_NAME&SrcURL=WOS_RETURN_URL&CKEY=LERO0760020037IP&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=CCC&SrcDesc=RETURN_ALT_TEXT&SrcAppSID=APP_SID","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 37 (6), Art.No. PII S0018-9200(02)04942-9, (760-765)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486819808","https://openalex.org/W2037130171","https://openalex.org/W2128663755","https://openalex.org/W2144546776","https://openalex.org/W2152293698","https://openalex.org/W2167004581"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200514360","https://openalex.org/W1524410551","https://openalex.org/W4284707104","https://openalex.org/W2467004535","https://openalex.org/W2141447077","https://openalex.org/W2116455238","https://openalex.org/W2945324316","https://openalex.org/W2524572048","https://openalex.org/W2737474222","https://openalex.org/W2143837338"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"much":[3],"research":[4],"has":[5],"been":[6],"carried":[7],"out":[8],"on":[9],"the":[10,33,40,45,51,54,86],"possibility":[11],"of":[12,28,39,53,104,115],"using":[13],"pure":[14,48],"CMOS,":[15],"rather":[16],"than":[17],"bipolar":[18],"or":[19],"BiCMOS":[20],"technologies,":[21],"for":[22,126],"radio-frequency":[23],"(RF)":[24],"applications.":[25],"An":[26],"example":[27],"such":[29],"an":[30,101],"application":[31],"is":[32,50,65,92,132],"Global":[34],"Positioning":[35],"System":[36],"(GPS).":[37],"One":[38],"important":[41],"bottlenecks":[42],"to":[43,47,67],"make":[44],"transition":[46],"CMOS":[49,140],"immunity":[52,81],"circuits":[55],"against":[56],"electrostatic":[57],"discharge":[58],"(ESD).":[59],"This":[60,91],"paper":[61],"shows":[62],"that":[63],"it":[64],"possible":[66],"design":[68],"a":[69,95,112,123,127,135],"low-noise":[70],"amplifier":[71],"(LNA)":[72],"with":[73,94,100,111],"very":[74],"good":[75],"RF":[76],"performance":[77],"and":[78,88],"sufficient":[79],"ESD":[80,89,102],"by":[82],"carefully":[83],"co-designing":[84],"both":[85],"LNA":[87,99,125],"protection.":[90],"demonstrated":[93],"0.8-dB":[96],"noise":[97],"figure":[98],"protection":[103],"-1.4-0.6":[105],"kV":[106],"human":[107],"body":[108],"model":[109],"(HBM)":[110],"power":[113],"consumption":[114],"9":[116],"mW.":[117],"The":[118],"circuit":[119],"was":[120],"designed":[121],"as":[122],"standalone":[124],"1.2276-GHz":[128],"GPS":[129],"receiver.":[130],"It":[131],"implemented":[133],"in":[134],"standard":[136],"0.25-/spl":[137],"mu/m":[138],"4M1P":[139],"process.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-17T17:19:04.345684","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}