{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3003392456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsait.2021.3053862","title":"Achieving Positive Covert Capacity Over MIMO AWGN Channels","display_name":"Achieving Positive Covert Capacity Over MIMO AWGN Channels","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3003392456","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsait.2021.3053862","mag":"3003392456"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsait.2021.3053862","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsait.2021.3053862","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211895","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Information Theory","issn_l":"2641-8770","issn":["2641-8770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Information Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.13652","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ahmed Bendary","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Bendary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Amr Abdelaziz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100308","display_name":"Military Technical College","ror":"https://ror.org/01337pb37","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100308"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amr Abdelaziz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100308"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Can Emre Koksal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Can Emre Koksal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.556,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89652498,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"1","first_page":"149","last_page":"162"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7312999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-white-gaussian-noise","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","score":0.7109000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.694599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.4674000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.45350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-capacity","display_name":"Channel capacity","score":0.43810001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.43290001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.35740000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7312999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169334058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353292","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","level":3,"score":0.7109000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.694599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.4674000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.45350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97744766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870845","display_name":"Channel capacity","level":3,"score":0.43810001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.43779999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.43290001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3605000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.35740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.32679998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.29660001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.28929999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778333438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16851742","display_name":"Capacity loss","level":4,"score":0.2890999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.27959999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118437007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1017139","display_name":"Hybrid automatic repeat request","level":3,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165650700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636347","display_name":"3G MIMO","level":4,"score":0.2526000142097473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsait.2021.3053862","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsait.2021.3053862","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211895","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Information Theory","issn_l":"2641-8770","issn":["2641-8770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Information Theory","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1910.13652","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1910.13652","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.13652","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1910.13652","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1910.13652","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.13652","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1867683958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1514260","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337388","funder_display_name":"Division of Computer and Network Systems"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8075845241","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1618566","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337388","funder_display_name":"Division of Computer and Network Systems"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337388","display_name":"Division of Computer and Network Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02rdzmk74"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W581334404","https://openalex.org/W1557486844","https://openalex.org/W1897081267","https://openalex.org/W1968259991","https://openalex.org/W1975181717","https://openalex.org/W1985852691","https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W2039836978","https://openalex.org/W2052267390","https://openalex.org/W2057415673","https://openalex.org/W2072563372","https://openalex.org/W2098346479","https://openalex.org/W2101726439","https://openalex.org/W2109394932","https://openalex.org/W2145577744","https://openalex.org/W2156844769","https://openalex.org/W2537541624","https://openalex.org/W2566769952","https://openalex.org/W2809857136","https://openalex.org/W2810713150","https://openalex.org/W2881867352","https://openalex.org/W2886525415","https://openalex.org/W2949672874","https://openalex.org/W2963113656","https://openalex.org/W2963513299","https://openalex.org/W2963645489","https://openalex.org/W2963991642","https://openalex.org/W2981443503","https://openalex.org/W3104101844","https://openalex.org/W4293702014","https://openalex.org/W4300840296","https://openalex.org/W6743028468","https://openalex.org/W6782502456"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,23,51,120],"consider":[1],"covert":[2,27,56,86,109,116],"communication,":[3],"i.e.,":[4],"hiding":[5],"the":[6,25,40,46,62,68,85,93,102,106,112,115],"presence":[7],"of":[8,33,42,70,88,95,105,108,126],"communication":[9],"from":[10],"an":[11,122],"adversary":[12],"for":[13],"multiple-input":[14],"multiple-output":[15],"(MIMO)":[16],"additive":[17],"white":[18],"Gaussian":[19],"noise":[20],"(AWGN)":[21],"channels.":[22,98],"characterize":[24],"maximum":[26],"coding":[28],"rate":[29],"under":[30,76],"a":[31,54],"variety":[32],"settings,":[34],"including":[35],"different":[36,127],"regimes":[37],"where":[38,114],"either":[39],"number":[41,69,107],"transmit":[43,71],"antennas":[44,72],"or":[45,138],"blocklength":[47],"is":[48,118],"scaled":[49],"up.":[50],"show":[52,83],"that":[53,84],"non-zero":[55],"capacity":[57,87,94,117],"can":[58],"be":[59],"achieved":[60],"in":[61,66,111,129],"massive":[63],"MIMO":[64,89,96],"regime":[65,113],"which":[67,130],"scales":[73],"up":[74],"but":[75],"specific":[77],"conditions.":[78],"Under":[79],"such":[80],"conditions,":[81],"we":[82,100],"AWGN":[90,97],"channels":[91],"converges":[92],"Furthermore,":[99],"derive":[101],"order-optimal":[103],"scaling":[104],"bits":[110],"zero.":[119],"provide":[121],"insightful":[123],"comparative":[124],"analysis":[125],"cases":[128],"secrecy":[131],"and":[132],"energy-undetectability":[133],"constraints":[134],"are":[135],"imposed":[136],"separately":[137],"jointly.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2020-02-07T00:00:00"}