{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7148252434","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2026.3679661","title":"Dual-Security-Assured Computation Offloading for ISCC LEO Satellite-Enabled Space\u2013Air\u2013Ground Networks","display_name":"Dual-Security-Assured Computation Offloading for ISCC LEO Satellite-Enabled Space\u2013Air\u2013Ground Networks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7148252434","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2026.3679661"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2026.3679661","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2026.3679661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085403125","display_name":"Mingan Luan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2407-5889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184983240","display_name":"Northeast Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rkvz144","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184983240"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingan Luan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics and the School of Physics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2407-5889","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics and the School of Physics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184983240"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132826689","display_name":"Hui Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9609-7641","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132809103","display_name":"Chi Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4050-9683","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132792432","display_name":"Zheng Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3766-820X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132796928","display_name":"Fengye Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengye Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communication Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5694-4057","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communication Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007832415","display_name":"Ying\u2010Chang Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2671-5090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying-Chang Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications (CINC), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2671-5090","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Networking and Communications (CINC), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60758329,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":null,"first_page":"4520","last_page":"4534"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.657800018787384,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.657800018787384,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11701","display_name":"Space Satellite Systems and Control","score":0.05460000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12717","display_name":"Space exploration and regulation","score":0.039000000804662704,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5322999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation-offloading","display_name":"Computation offloading","score":0.4074999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-network","display_name":"Intelligent Network","score":0.26460000872612}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8568000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5322999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4823000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781041963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18348618","display_name":"Computation offloading","level":4,"score":0.4074999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.30469998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51675839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665681","display_name":"Intelligent Network","level":2,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.24609999358654022}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2026.3679661","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2026.3679661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5537899732589722,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4517290006","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B20064","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335785","funder_display_name":"Project 211"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335785","display_name":"Project 211","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2099512510","https://openalex.org/W2964202652","https://openalex.org/W3158395156","https://openalex.org/W3196018792","https://openalex.org/W3202629807","https://openalex.org/W3210260041","https://openalex.org/W4205136930","https://openalex.org/W4294067767","https://openalex.org/W4313270738","https://openalex.org/W4321607979","https://openalex.org/W4322706724","https://openalex.org/W4323022389","https://openalex.org/W4361029920","https://openalex.org/W4385444708","https://openalex.org/W4386090274","https://openalex.org/W4386559324","https://openalex.org/W4389799364","https://openalex.org/W4391128868","https://openalex.org/W4391935850","https://openalex.org/W4392781946","https://openalex.org/W4402473922","https://openalex.org/W4402475128","https://openalex.org/W4403390264","https://openalex.org/W4404056997","https://openalex.org/W4404101446","https://openalex.org/W4405178958","https://openalex.org/W4407155050","https://openalex.org/W4409641057","https://openalex.org/W4410809452","https://openalex.org/W4415707050"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,102,122],"Dual-Security-Assured":[4],"Computation":[5],"Offloading":[6],"(DSACO)":[7],"scheme":[8,150],"for":[9,130],"space-air-ground":[10],"networks":[11],"(SAGNs),":[12],"which":[13],"exploits":[14],"the":[15,24,38,41,46,59,63,69,83,95,114,131,148,161],"integrated":[16],"sensing,":[17],"communication,":[18],"and":[19,33,55,67,141,159],"computing":[20],"(ISCC)":[21],"capability":[22],"of":[23,134],"low":[25,53],"Earth":[26],"orbit":[27],"(LEO)":[28],"satellite":[29,61],"to":[30,51,86],"support":[31],"secure":[32,96],"efficient":[34],"computation":[35,139],"offloading.":[36],"In":[37],"proposed":[39,149],"scheme,":[40],"air-ground":[42],"mode":[43],"serves":[44],"as":[45,101],"default":[47],"edge-processing":[48],"strategy":[49],"due":[50],"its":[52],"latency":[54],"energy":[56,106],"consumption,":[57],"while":[58,155],"LEO":[60],"senses":[62],"malicious":[64],"aerial":[65],"eavesdropper":[66],"protects":[68],"ground":[70],"device":[71],"(GD)-to-UAV":[72],"links":[73],"through":[74],"directional":[75],"anti-eavesdropping":[76],"jamming.":[77],"When":[78],"such":[79],"protection":[80],"becomes":[81],"insufficient,":[82],"system":[84,153],"switches":[85],"direct":[87],"GD-to-LEO":[88],"offloading":[89,97,157],"via":[90],"dedicated":[91],"frequency":[92],"bands.":[93],"Accordingly,":[94],"process":[98],"is":[99],"formulated":[100],"worst-case":[103],"average":[104],"long-term":[105],"minimization":[107],"problem":[108],"under":[109],"sensing":[110,135],"uncertainty.":[111],"To":[112],"solve":[113],"resulting":[115],"dual-timescale":[116],"mixed-integer":[117],"nonlinear":[118],"problem,":[119],"we":[120],"develop":[121],"hierarchical":[123],"multi-agent":[124],"deep":[125],"reinforcement":[126],"learning":[127],"(H-MADRL)":[128],"framework":[129,163],"joint":[132],"optimization":[133],"duration,":[136],"UAV":[137],"trajectories,":[138],"offloading,":[140],"resource":[142],"allocation.":[143],"Simulation":[144],"results":[145],"demonstrate":[146],"that":[147,160],"significantly":[151],"enhances":[152],"security":[154],"maintaining":[156],"efficiency,":[158],"H-MADRL":[162],"outperforms":[164],"benchmark":[165],"methods.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T06:06:40.768181","created_date":"2026-04-03T00:00:00"}