{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7123345992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2026.3652936","title":"AI-Native 6G Physical Layer With Cross-Module Optimization and Cooperative Control Agents","display_name":"AI-Native 6G Physical Layer With Cross-Module Optimization and Cooperative Control Agents","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7123345992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2026.3652936"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2026.3652936","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2026.3652936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122388971","display_name":"Xufei Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xufei Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3981-731X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122873340","display_name":"Han Xiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3548-3204","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100995070","display_name":"Shi Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-6021","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121446862","display_name":"Zhiqin Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130112","display_name":"China Academy of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038dte259","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130112","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1700-3411","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130112"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122900422","display_name":"Wenqiang Tian","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenqiang Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0431-7780","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122238030","display_name":"Wendong Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wendong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5175-1494","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122847596","display_name":"Jianfei Cao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianfei Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122852980","display_name":"Jia Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122877420","display_name":"Zhihua Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihua Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122856921","display_name":"Zhi Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122908410","display_name":"Ning Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Standardization, OPPO Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.828,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89837817,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":null,"first_page":"3397","last_page":"3411"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.6025999784469604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.6025999784469604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.10849999636411667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.06750000268220901,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.683899998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.607699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.4284000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.3928999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.38929998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.38659998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.38420000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.3686000108718872}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8173999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.683899998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.607699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4284000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.3928999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.38929998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.38659998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.38420000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.3686000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157607044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165851","display_name":"Control channel","level":3,"score":0.3635999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780909371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4801092","display_name":"Artificial noise","level":4,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.35929998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776639698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927140","display_name":"Block Error Rate","level":3,"score":0.3546000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.34869998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.33559998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138916503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2714551","display_name":"Link adaptation","level":4,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.2865999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.2838999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177782964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229785","display_name":"3rd Generation Partnership Project 2","level":3,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2709999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779609627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6554308","display_name":"Link level","level":2,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.2513999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56685638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2300474","display_name":"Power control","level":3,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2026.3652936","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2026.3652936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.5934913754463196}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2098234850","https://openalex.org/W2175739537","https://openalex.org/W2295625919","https://openalex.org/W2897198085","https://openalex.org/W2963104899","https://openalex.org/W2966038277","https://openalex.org/W2997299357","https://openalex.org/W3126373016","https://openalex.org/W3126686235","https://openalex.org/W3136215647","https://openalex.org/W3142457648","https://openalex.org/W3166861417","https://openalex.org/W3171242221","https://openalex.org/W3194939904","https://openalex.org/W3199506096","https://openalex.org/W3216840972","https://openalex.org/W4210392174","https://openalex.org/W4213447155","https://openalex.org/W4224312761","https://openalex.org/W4285292015","https://openalex.org/W4287890958","https://openalex.org/W4289821648","https://openalex.org/W4302363874","https://openalex.org/W4309756916","https://openalex.org/W4313387453","https://openalex.org/W4318624596","https://openalex.org/W4327767975","https://openalex.org/W4327808052","https://openalex.org/W4381331133","https://openalex.org/W4388494745","https://openalex.org/W4391742482","https://openalex.org/W4394627320","https://openalex.org/W4396881125","https://openalex.org/W4399995236","https://openalex.org/W4402040357","https://openalex.org/W4402834015"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"article,":[2],"a":[3,117],"framework":[4],"of":[5,28,35,50,104,126,206,212,231],"artificial":[6],"intelligence":[7],"(AI)-native":[8],"cross-module":[9],"optimized":[10,176],"physical":[11,30],"layer":[12,31],"with":[13,32,56,62,94,228],"cooperative":[14],"control":[15,40,173,195],"agents":[16,174],"is":[17],"proposed,":[18,86],"which":[19,238],"involves":[20],"optimization":[21,46,76],"across":[22,47],"global":[23,48,78,197],"AI/machine":[24],"learning":[25],"(ML)":[26],"modules":[27,49],"the":[29,102,109,124,127,134,204,207,229,232],"innovative":[33],"design":[34],"multiple":[36,81],"enhancement":[37,82],"mechanisms":[38,83],"and":[39,58,64,147,165,216],"strategies.":[41],"Specifically,":[42],"it":[43],"achieves":[44],"simultaneous":[45],"uplink":[51],"AI/ML-based":[52,60,90,128,152,172],"joint":[53],"source-channel":[54],"coding":[55],"modulation,":[57],"downlink":[59,98],"modulation":[61,92,150],"precoding":[63,140],"corresponding":[65],"data":[66],"detection,":[67],"reducing":[68],"traditional":[69],"inter-module":[70],"information":[71],"barriers":[72],"to":[73,107,137,143,155,184,189],"facilitate":[74],"end-to-end":[75,145],"toward":[77],"objectives.":[79],"Moreover,":[80],"are":[84,179,226],"also":[85],"including":[87],"i)":[88],"an":[89],"cross-layer":[91],"approach":[93],"theoretical":[95],"analysis":[96],"for":[97,112,175,196,243],"transmission":[99,177],"that":[100,122,159,181,225],"breaks":[101],"isolation":[103],"inter-layer":[105],"features":[106],"expand":[108],"solution":[110,169],"space":[111],"determining":[113],"improved":[114],"constellation,":[115],"ii)":[116],"utility-oriented":[118],"precoder":[119],"construction":[120],"method":[121],"shifts":[123],"role":[125],"CSI":[129,136,153],"feedback":[130,154],"decoder":[131],"from":[132],"recovering":[133],"original":[135],"directly":[138],"generating":[139],"matrices":[141],"aiming":[142],"improve":[144],"performance,":[146],"iii)":[148],"incorporating":[149],"into":[151],"bypass":[156],"bit-level":[157],"bottlenecks":[158],"introduce":[160],"quantization":[161],"errors,":[162],"non-differentiable":[163],"gradients,":[164],"limitations":[166],"in":[167,210],"constellation":[168],"spaces.":[170],"Furthermore,":[171],"schemes":[178],"proposed":[180,208],"leverage":[182],"AI/ML":[183],"perform":[185],"model":[186],"switching":[187],"according":[188],"channel":[190],"state,":[191],"thereby":[192],"enabling":[193],"integrated":[194],"throughput":[198],"optimization.":[199],"Finally,":[200],"simulation":[201],"results":[202],"demonstrate":[203],"superiority":[205],"solutions":[209],"terms":[211],"block":[213],"error":[214],"rate":[215],"throughput.":[217],"These":[218],"extensive":[219],"simulations":[220],"employ":[221],"more":[222],"practical":[223],"assumptions":[224],"aligned":[227],"requirements":[230],"3rd":[233],"Generation":[234],"Partnership":[235],"Project":[236],"(3GPP),":[237],"hopefully":[239],"provides":[240],"valuable":[241],"insights":[242],"future":[244],"3GPP":[245],"standardization":[246],"discussions.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2026-01-14T00:00:00"}
