{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416749403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3637738","title":"Optimizing Model Splitting and Device Task Assignment for Deceptive Signal-Assisted Private Multi-Hop Split Learning","display_name":"Optimizing Model Splitting and Device Task Assignment for Deceptive Signal-Assisted Private Multi-Hop Split Learning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416749403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3637738"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2025.3637738","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3637738","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042846116","display_name":"Dongyu Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8167-6435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongyu Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8167-6435","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012859069","display_name":"Xitong Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2747-2208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoren Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2747-2208","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100373044","display_name":"Yuchen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7505-9718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801313472","display_name":"North Central State College","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6b6f76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","Department of Computer Science, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7505-9718","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535","https://openalex.org/I2801313472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042307561","display_name":"H. Vincent Poor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2062-131X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Vincent Poor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2062-131X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072241033","display_name":"Mingzhe Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-703X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingzhe Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Frost Institute for Data Science and Computing, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-703X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Frost Institute for Data Science and Computing, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5838,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93398817,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":null,"first_page":"1512","last_page":"1528"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.28279998898506165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.28279998898506165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.17479999363422394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.0940999984741211,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.7125999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.5521000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5177000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-device","display_name":"Edge device","score":0.4643999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.43470001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4275999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.4187000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-sensitivity","display_name":"Information sensitivity","score":0.4002000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","score":0.39989998936653137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8906999826431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.7125999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.5521000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5177000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.4643999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.459199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.43470001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4275999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.4187000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137822555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2587068","display_name":"Information sensitivity","level":2,"score":0.4002000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.39989998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.39419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.36559998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3635999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99221444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1532069","display_name":"Private information retrieval","level":2,"score":0.35679998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.3538999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.33799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.33379998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.3337000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.321399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33435437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366791","display_name":"Curiosity","level":2,"score":0.31290000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.3043000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.28349998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.27799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2635999917984009}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2025.3637738","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3637738","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3386135306","display_name":"CAREER: CatFly: Towards Resilience-Native Wireless Networks through Learning, Twinning, and Reconfiguring Co-Design","funder_award_id":"2440756","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4940591694","display_name":"Collaborative Research: NeTS: Small: Digital Network Twins: Mapping Next Generation Wireless into Digital Reality","funder_award_id":"2312139","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6996663757","display_name":"Collaborative Research: SaTC: CORE: Small: Towards Secure, Resilient, Privacy-enhancing Digital World Experiences","funder_award_id":"2350076","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7526905553","display_name":"Collaborative Research: SaTC: CORE: Small: Towards Secure, Resilient, Privacy-enhancing Digital World Experiences","funder_award_id":"2350075","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162266621","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2284618433","https://openalex.org/W2746722165","https://openalex.org/W2908261578","https://openalex.org/W2920603912","https://openalex.org/W2963523627","https://openalex.org/W2974429275","https://openalex.org/W2984693664","https://openalex.org/W3001594647","https://openalex.org/W3015613093","https://openalex.org/W3045638580","https://openalex.org/W3051272477","https://openalex.org/W3090615085","https://openalex.org/W3092882822","https://openalex.org/W3151130473","https://openalex.org/W3202577926","https://openalex.org/W3203789000","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4285121820","https://openalex.org/W4312323164","https://openalex.org/W4319778953","https://openalex.org/W4320005733","https://openalex.org/W4362563552","https://openalex.org/W4364322852","https://openalex.org/W4388145809","https://openalex.org/W4388739307","https://openalex.org/W4391248691","https://openalex.org/W4395017283","https://openalex.org/W4396542482","https://openalex.org/W4398151257","https://openalex.org/W4399345064","https://openalex.org/W4400020509","https://openalex.org/W4401567372","https://openalex.org/W4402979148","https://openalex.org/W4403917901","https://openalex.org/W4403976979","https://openalex.org/W4405022613","https://openalex.org/W4409196921","https://openalex.org/W4409327187","https://openalex.org/W4410227171","https://openalex.org/W4412719014"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,10],"this":[1,111],"paper,":[2],"deceptive":[3,49,63,141],"signal-assisted":[4],"private":[5],"split":[6],"learning":[7,120],"is":[8,53,83,91],"investigated.":[9],"our":[11],"model,":[12],"several":[13],"edge":[14],"devices":[15,46,60],"jointly":[16],"perform":[17],"collaborative":[18],"training,":[19],"and":[20,28,40,72,106,126,148,160,180,182,214],"some":[21],"eavesdroppers":[22,36,98,220],"aim":[23],"to":[24,55,76,92,97,134,151,172,176,186,212,219,223,226],"collect":[25],"the":[26,35,57,66,73,94,101,136,140,145,158,174,188,203,207,216,227],"model":[27,39,69,78,102,137,153],"data":[29,41],"information":[30,95,217],"from":[31,37],"devices.":[32],"To":[33,109],"prevent":[34],"collecting":[38],"information,":[42],"a":[43,115,131,183],"subset":[44,58,67],"of":[45,59,68,163,190],"can":[47],"transmit":[48,146],"signals.":[50],"Therefore,":[51],"it":[52],"necessary":[54],"determine":[56,135,187],"used":[61],"for":[62],"signal":[64,142],"transmission,":[65],"training":[70,79,103,138,154,197],"devices,":[71,139,144],"models":[74],"assigned":[75,150],"each":[77,152,191],"device.":[80],"This":[81],"problem":[82,88],"formulated":[84],"as":[85],"an":[86,169],"optimization":[87],"whose":[89],"goal":[90],"minimize":[93],"leaked":[96,218],"while":[99],"meeting":[100],"energy":[104],"consumption":[105],"delay":[107],"constraints.":[108],"solve":[110],"problem,":[112],"we":[113],"propose":[114],"soft":[116],"actor-critic":[117],"deep":[118],"reinforcement":[119],"framework":[121],"with":[122],"intrinsic":[123],"curiosity":[124],"module":[125,171,185],"cross-attention":[127],"(ICM-CA)":[128],"that":[129,202],"enables":[130],"centralized":[132],"agent":[133],"transmission":[143],"power,":[147],"sub-models":[149],"device":[155],"without":[156],"knowing":[157],"position":[159],"monitoring":[161],"probability":[162],"eavesdroppers.":[164],"The":[165],"proposed":[166,204],"method":[167,205],"uses":[168],"ICM":[170],"encourage":[173],"server":[175],"explore":[177],"novel":[178],"actions":[179],"states":[181],"CA":[184],"importance":[189],"historical":[192],"state-action":[193],"pair":[194],"thus":[195],"improving":[196],"efficiency.":[198],"Simulation":[199],"results":[200],"demonstrate":[201],"improves":[206],"convergence":[208],"rate":[209],"by":[210,221],"up":[211,222],"3\u00d7":[213],"reduces":[215],"13%":[224],"compared":[225],"traditional":[228],"SAC":[229],"algorithm.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-06T08:24:18.245995","created_date":"2025-11-28T00:00:00"}
