{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407736622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3543511","title":"T\u00b3Planner: Multi-Phase Planning Across Structure-Constrained Optical, IP, and Routing Topologies","display_name":"T\u00b3Planner: Multi-Phase Planning Across Structure-Constrained Optical, IP, and Routing Topologies","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407736622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3543511"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2025.3543511","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3543511","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053624922","display_name":"Yijun Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7636-2786"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yijun Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067547680","display_name":"Shusen Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4495-6237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096250","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Big Data Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00s1sz824","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I37796252","https://openalex.org/I4210096250"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shusen Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics and the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics and the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096250"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100394213","display_name":"Fang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1477-3875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077519574","display_name":"Yifan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3283-2274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037412714","display_name":"Cong Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9002-4350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083582213","display_name":"Xuebin Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6498-0250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuebin Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010106841","display_name":"Peng Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7033-9315"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics, Xi&#x2019;an Jiaotong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003999919","display_name":"Chenren Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9171-2596"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenren Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China","Peking University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076039358","display_name":"Shibo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1007-2414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shibo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","Chinese University of Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053624922"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03263976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"5","first_page":"1823","last_page":"1839"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.8963000178337097,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.8963000178337097,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.7631999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.7800866365432739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.777691125869751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.6567354202270508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5279273986816406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planner","display_name":"Planner","score":0.5111570954322815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3732447028160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.33208510279655457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1368122100830078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09802478551864624}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.7800866365432739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.777691125869751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.6567354202270508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5279273986816406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776999362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2349274","display_name":"Planner","level":2,"score":0.5111570954322815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3732447028160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.33208510279655457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1368122100830078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09802478551864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2025.3543511","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3543511","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1769842585","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFA0713900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2045660238","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61802298","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3133896232","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFB2401300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3304135938","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFA1004100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5234250448","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11690011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5372072380","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1811461","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6727632337","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61772410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7108580912","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172329","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8698885527","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U21A6005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W258472279","https://openalex.org/W1981651736","https://openalex.org/W1983681808","https://openalex.org/W2078331117","https://openalex.org/W2093882311","https://openalex.org/W2096655151","https://openalex.org/W2118404561","https://openalex.org/W2123071102","https://openalex.org/W2127415490","https://openalex.org/W2128478380","https://openalex.org/W2135970554","https://openalex.org/W2142802617","https://openalex.org/W2143769783","https://openalex.org/W2145858411","https://openalex.org/W2149786168","https://openalex.org/W2154104243","https://openalex.org/W2165030634","https://openalex.org/W2294690547","https://openalex.org/W2504195863","https://openalex.org/W2744628735","https://openalex.org/W2919918189","https://openalex.org/W2955233423","https://openalex.org/W2968986602","https://openalex.org/W2971598376","https://openalex.org/W2977973695","https://openalex.org/W3006670753","https://openalex.org/W3019817166","https://openalex.org/W3035664258","https://openalex.org/W3046445220","https://openalex.org/W3093002101","https://openalex.org/W3160306825","https://openalex.org/W3190412567","https://openalex.org/W3191167321","https://openalex.org/W4290991577","https://openalex.org/W4300680463","https://openalex.org/W6605417597","https://openalex.org/W6741002519","https://openalex.org/W6744557953","https://openalex.org/W6750790946","https://openalex.org/W6755835587"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1568779110","https://openalex.org/W804484174","https://openalex.org/W4244698559","https://openalex.org/W4246538999","https://openalex.org/W56933075","https://openalex.org/W4399598005","https://openalex.org/W2002361198","https://openalex.org/W2168364913","https://openalex.org/W1548568597","https://openalex.org/W2482749251"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Network":[0],"topology":[1,64],"planning":[2,65],"is":[3],"an":[4],"essential":[5,73],"multi-phase":[6],"process":[7],"to":[8,95,147,171],"build":[9],"and":[10,27,44,55,77,80,85,116,126,134,158],"jointly":[11],"optimize":[12],"the":[13],"multi-layer":[14],"network":[15,42,110],"topologies":[16,142],"in":[17,47,57,98],"wide-area":[18],"networks":[19,150],"(WANs).":[20],"Most":[21],"existing":[22,173],"practices":[23],"target":[24],"single-phase/layer":[25],"planning,":[26],"are":[28],"incapable":[29],"of":[30,153],"satisfying":[31],"all":[32],"rigorous":[33],"topological":[34,81],"structure":[35,69,114],"constraints":[36,70],"(e.g.,":[37],"dual-homing":[38],"rings)":[39],"defined":[40],"by":[41],"standards":[43],"operators,":[45],"especially":[46],"large-scale":[48],"networks.":[49,59],"These":[50],"significantly":[51],"limit":[52],"their":[53],"usability":[54],"performance":[56],"production":[58],"We":[60,88],"consider":[61],"a":[62,91,103,118],"general":[63],"problem":[66,97],"with":[67,122,151],"typical":[68],"over":[71],"three":[72],"phases":[74],"(greenfield,":[75],"reconfiguration,":[76],"site":[78],"expansion)":[79],"layers":[82],"(optical,":[83],"IP,":[84],"routing":[86],"topologies).":[87],"present,":[89],"T3Planner,":[90],"novel":[92],"practical":[93],"solver":[94],"this":[96],"production.":[99],"Specifically,":[100],"we":[101],"develop":[102],"structure-driven":[104],"encoder":[105],"based":[106],"on":[107,139],"graph":[108],"neural":[109],"(GNN)":[111],"for":[112,131],"concise":[113],"encoding,":[115],"design":[117],"new":[119],"learning":[120,129],"framework":[121],"optical-centric":[123],"layer":[124],"compression/reconstruction":[125],"rule-aided":[127],"reinforcement":[128],"(RL)":[130],"fast":[132],"convergence":[133],"high":[135],"performance.":[136],"Extensive":[137],"experiments":[138],"nine":[140],"real":[141],"demonstrate":[143],"that":[144],"T3Planner":[145],"scales":[146],"large":[148],"optical":[149],"hundreds":[152],"sites,":[154],"saves":[155],"46.6%":[156],"cost,":[157],"supports":[159],"<inline-formula":[160],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[161],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[162],"<tex-math":[163],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$3.12\\times":[164],"$":[165],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[166],"more":[167],"demand":[168],"when":[169],"compared":[170],"related":[172],"approaches.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-02-20T00:00:00"}