{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407736530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3543508","title":"Channel Modeling, Performance Analysis, and Probabilistic Shaping for Underwater Wireless Optical Communications","display_name":"Channel Modeling, Performance Analysis, and Probabilistic Shaping for Underwater Wireless Optical Communications","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407736530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3543508"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2025.3543508","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3543508","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012745642","display_name":"Hongcheng Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0941-3739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongcheng Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0941-3739","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086427475","display_name":"Zhitong Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4173-0301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhitong Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4173-0301","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100335015","display_name":"Jie Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5119-9588"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5119-9588","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069355437","display_name":"Mehul Motani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3262-0207"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehul Motani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Queenstown, Singapore","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3262-0207","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Queenstown, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073088180","display_name":"Yuefeng Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6618-272X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuefeng Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6618-272X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering (SICE), State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications (IPOC), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8254,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93112512,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"5","first_page":"1568","last_page":"1581"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9513000249862671,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8300135135650635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.5777010321617126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5721278190612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5712897181510925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.531780481338501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.49694421887397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater-acoustic-communication","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","score":0.4696502089500427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.464366614818573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.16618835926055908}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8300135135650635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.5777010321617126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5721278190612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5712897181510925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.531780481338501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.49694421887397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169111936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424098","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","level":3,"score":0.4696502089500427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.464366614818573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.16618835926055908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2025.3543508","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3543508","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.5}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4452073048","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62371058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6494855189","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2013CB329204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6599958254","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L232048","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W108696806","https://openalex.org/W627952176","https://openalex.org/W2034406118","https://openalex.org/W2096272580","https://openalex.org/W2100181015","https://openalex.org/W2103819875","https://openalex.org/W2108321850","https://openalex.org/W2115001548","https://openalex.org/W2116213015","https://openalex.org/W2120827491","https://openalex.org/W2122989348","https://openalex.org/W2130204725","https://openalex.org/W2296257523","https://openalex.org/W2336491352","https://openalex.org/W2607000399","https://openalex.org/W2669987074","https://openalex.org/W2773664967","https://openalex.org/W2789554261","https://openalex.org/W2887888816","https://openalex.org/W2952629721","https://openalex.org/W3004982678","https://openalex.org/W3023513190","https://openalex.org/W3043432765","https://openalex.org/W3043823480","https://openalex.org/W3046906937","https://openalex.org/W3127552495","https://openalex.org/W3131290367","https://openalex.org/W3169113824","https://openalex.org/W3200190472","https://openalex.org/W4205298615","https://openalex.org/W4205855417","https://openalex.org/W4223650495","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4313446194","https://openalex.org/W6677986625"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3081304190","https://openalex.org/W2477841276","https://openalex.org/W1989468614","https://openalex.org/W46613192","https://openalex.org/W4225540233","https://openalex.org/W2556643280","https://openalex.org/W2185568765","https://openalex.org/W2353494610","https://openalex.org/W4285703999","https://openalex.org/W3214188517"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"underwater":[1],"wireless":[2],"optical":[3,39],"communication":[4],"(UWOC)":[5],"has":[6],"emerged":[7],"to":[8,30,62,82,122,150],"support":[9],"the":[10,32,47,79,101,108,119,124,129,132,137,142,156],"high":[11,161],"data":[12],"rate":[13],"requirements":[14],"of":[15,34,110,131,160],"oceanic":[16,51,53],"exploration.":[17],"In":[18],"this":[19],"paper,":[20],"we":[21,86,117],"propose":[22],"an":[23],"accurate":[24],"and":[25,58,136,158],"closed-form":[26],"UWOC":[27,164],"channel":[28,134],"model":[29,43,135],"understand":[31],"effects":[33],"dynamic":[35,83],"ocean":[36,84,115],"environment":[37],"on":[38],"signal":[40],"propagation.":[41],"The":[42],"takes":[44],"into":[45],"account":[46],"impairments":[48],"induced":[49],"by":[50],"path-loss,":[52],"turbulence,":[54],"pointing":[55],"error":[56],"loss":[57],"link":[59],"interruption":[60],"due":[61],"angle-of-arrival":[63],"(AoA)":[64],"fluctuations":[65],"jointly.":[66],"We":[67],"further":[68],"derive":[69],"analytical":[70],"expressions":[71],"for":[72,155],"various":[73],"outage":[74,138],"performance":[75,139],"metrics.":[76],"To":[77],"boost":[78],"system":[80],"robustness":[81],"environment,":[85,116],"design":[87],"a":[88,152],"probabilistic":[89],"shaping":[90],"(PS)-based":[91],"strategy":[92],"with":[93],"unipolar":[94,145],"pulse":[95],"amplitude":[96],"modulation":[97],"(PAM),":[98],"which":[99],"maximizes":[100],"ergodic":[102],"constellation":[103],"constrained":[104],"capacity.":[105],"Furthermore,":[106],"considering":[107],"limitation":[109],"computational":[111],"resources":[112],"in":[113],"real":[114],"simplify":[118],"PS-based":[120,144],"scheme":[121,147],"alleviate":[123],"problem.":[125],"Numerical":[126],"results":[127],"verify":[128],"accuracy":[130],"proposed":[133],"analysis.":[140],"Moreover,":[141],"simplified":[143],"M-PAM":[146],"is":[148],"validated":[149],"be":[151],"promising":[153],"solution":[154],"development":[157],"deployment":[159],"speed":[162],"adaptive":[163],"systems.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2025-02-20T00:00:00"}