{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407737096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3543495","title":"Soft Demapping of Spherical Codes From Cartesian Powers of PAM Constellations","display_name":"Soft Demapping of Spherical Codes From Cartesian Powers of PAM Constellations","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407737096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3543495"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2025.3543495","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3543495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045043243","display_name":"Reza Rafie Borujeny","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1914-5624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reza Rafie Borujeny","raw_affiliation_strings":["Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1914-5624","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037958251","display_name":"Susanna E. Rumsey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5623-942X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susanna E. Rumsey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5623-942X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029182703","display_name":"Stark C. Draper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8100-5599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stark C. Draper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8100-5599","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077846751","display_name":"Frank R. Kschischang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4274-1785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank R. Kschischang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4274-1785","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02427886,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"5","first_page":"1469","last_page":"1483"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10700","display_name":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10700","display_name":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11737","display_name":"Advanced Materials and Mechanics","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.9789000153541565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8028772473335266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constellation","display_name":"Constellation","score":0.672247052192688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.42029517889022827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3928912878036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3640618920326233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10806974768638611}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8028772473335266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70352696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8928","display_name":"Constellation","level":2,"score":0.672247052192688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.42029517889022827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3928912878036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3640618920326233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10806974768638611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2025.3543495","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2025.3543495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322183","display_name":"Huawei Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W129343413","https://openalex.org/W627952176","https://openalex.org/W1749807555","https://openalex.org/W1802600493","https://openalex.org/W2011087880","https://openalex.org/W2011143644","https://openalex.org/W2025829207","https://openalex.org/W2045407304","https://openalex.org/W2103604544","https://openalex.org/W2107288243","https://openalex.org/W2115001548","https://openalex.org/W2119346375","https://openalex.org/W2140804432","https://openalex.org/W2154225636","https://openalex.org/W2165205968","https://openalex.org/W2222512263","https://openalex.org/W2293169577","https://openalex.org/W2476974423","https://openalex.org/W2478708596","https://openalex.org/W2984693532","https://openalex.org/W3028046196","https://openalex.org/W4320712912","https://openalex.org/W4382564400","https://openalex.org/W4386136066","https://openalex.org/W6772939506","https://openalex.org/W6850210488"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2801080295","https://openalex.org/W2502457263","https://openalex.org/W4322709807","https://openalex.org/W2901245944","https://openalex.org/W4377967113","https://openalex.org/W2078292672","https://openalex.org/W2382519356"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"applications":[1],"in":[2,161],"concatenated":[3],"coding":[4],"for":[5,45,61,73],"optical":[6],"communications":[7],"systems,":[8],"we":[9,68,107,146,180,195,227],"examine":[10],"soft-demapping":[11],"of":[12,20,24,32,77,80,94,157,175,177,199,203,270,281,290,300,305],"short":[13,143],"spherical":[14,172,235,263],"codes":[15,34,47,173,190,264,269],"constructed":[16],"as":[17,99],"constant-energy":[18],"shells":[19],"the":[21,36,66,75,166,183,221,249,253,262,271,276,288,296,301,309],"Cartesian":[22],"power":[23,274],"pulse":[25],"amplitude":[26,132],"modulation":[27],"constellations.":[28],"These":[29],"are":[30],"unions":[31,176],"permutation":[33,46,63,81,97,123,144,178,189,204,268,293],"having":[35],"same":[37,272],"average":[38,273],"power.":[39],"We":[40,83,101],"construct":[41],"a":[42,70,95,103,126,136,155,197,200,234,239,279],"list":[43],"decoder":[44],"by":[48,89,135,257],"adapting":[49],"Murty\u2019s":[50],"algorithm,":[51,278],"which":[52,106],"is":[53,284],"then":[54],"used":[55],"to":[56,85,117,165,187,220,232],"determine":[57],"mutual":[58],"information":[59,120,246,303],"curves":[60],"these":[62,86],"codes.":[64,82,205],"In":[65,125,192,206,224],"process,":[67,105],"discover":[69],"straightforward":[71],"expression":[72],"determining":[74],"likelihood":[76],"large":[78],"subcodes":[79],"refer":[84],"subcodes,":[87],"obtained":[88,247],"all":[90,229,266],"possible":[91,230,267],"sign":[92],"flips":[93],"given":[96],"codeword,":[98],"orbits.":[100],"introduce":[102],"simple":[104],"call":[108],"orbit":[109,149,209],"demapping":[110,150,210],"with":[111,130,151,211,287,295],"frozen":[112,152,212],"symbols,":[113],"that":[114,141,148,237],"allows":[115],"us":[116],"extract":[118],"soft":[119,245],"from":[121],"noisy":[122],"codewords.":[124],"sample":[127],"communication":[128],"system":[129],"probabilistic":[131],"shaping":[133],"protected":[134],"standard":[137],"low-density":[138],"parity-check":[139],"code":[140,236,294],"employs":[142],"codes,":[145,179],"demonstrate":[147],"symbols":[153,213],"provides":[154,214],"gain":[156,218,280],"about":[158,215],"0.3":[159],"dB":[160,217,283],"signal-to-noise":[162],"ratio":[163],"compared":[164,186,219,286],"traditional":[167,222,254],"symbol-by-symbol":[168,255,297],"demapping.":[169,298],"By":[170],"using":[171,188,248,261,291],"composed":[174],"can":[181],"increase":[182],"input":[184],"entropy":[185],"alone.":[191],"one":[193,292],"scheme,":[194,226],"consider":[196],"union":[198],"small":[201],"number":[202],"this":[207],"case,":[208],"0.2":[216],"method.":[223],"another":[225],"use":[228],"permutations":[231],"form":[233],"exhibits":[238],"computationally":[240],"feasible":[241],"trellis":[242],"representation.":[243],"The":[244],"BCJR":[250,277],"algorithm":[251],"outperforms":[252],"method":[256],"0.1":[258],"dB.":[259],"Overall,":[260],"containing":[265],"and":[275],"0.5":[282],"observed":[285,310],"case":[289],"Comparison":[299],"achievable":[302],"rates":[304],"bit-metric":[306],"decoding":[307],"verifies":[308],"gains.":[311]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
