{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389317974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2023.3339174","title":"Learning With Side Information: Elastic Multi-Resource Control for the Open RAN","display_name":"Learning With Side Information: Elastic Multi-Resource Control for the Open RAN","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389317974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2023.3339174"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2023.3339174","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2023.3339174","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100763625","display_name":"Xiaoxi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0751-2773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoxi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0751-2773","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085050673","display_name":"Jinhang Zuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9557-3551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177605424","display_name":"Amherst College","ror":"https://ror.org/028vqfs63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177605424"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinhang Zuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manning College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9557-3551","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manning College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177605424","https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010049388","display_name":"Zhe Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2933-5379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Princeton, NJ, USA","Google, Princeton, New Jersey, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Princeton, New Jersey, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100760218","display_name":"Zhi Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0987-9344"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100385692","display_name":"Xu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9943-6020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9943-6020","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085243096","display_name":"Carlee Joe\u2010Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0785-9291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlee Joe-Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0785-9291","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100763625"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.022,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7678215,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"2","first_page":"295","last_page":"309"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.877377986907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.6169991493225098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.5764113664627075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.5678874850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-congestion","display_name":"Network congestion","score":0.5251930952072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.5003724098205566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4984762668609619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.4902813732624054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ran","display_name":"Ran","score":0.4482831060886383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-resource-management","display_name":"Radio resource management","score":0.4164702892303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3852187991142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.3131803274154663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.29587066173553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.23662668466567993}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.877377986907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6169991493225098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5764113664627075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.5678874850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195563490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180368","display_name":"Network congestion","level":3,"score":0.5251930952072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.5003724098205566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4984762668609619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.4902813732624054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160704184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18031028","display_name":"Ran","level":2,"score":0.4482831060886383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182448111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7281197","display_name":"Radio resource management","level":4,"score":0.4164702892303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3852187991142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.3131803274154663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.29587066173553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.23662668466567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2023.3339174","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2023.3339174","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1679631402","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62102460","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2128415336","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21-03024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3583843466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61972432","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G645405385","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U20A20159","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6482157743","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021B151520008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7053513457","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF1910036","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8201033809","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023A1515012982","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1166750771","https://openalex.org/W2009551863","https://openalex.org/W2022359415","https://openalex.org/W2066546615","https://openalex.org/W2070960043","https://openalex.org/W2112420033","https://openalex.org/W2120070938","https://openalex.org/W2223726101","https://openalex.org/W2251049298","https://openalex.org/W2336524160","https://openalex.org/W2339094490","https://openalex.org/W2400213106","https://openalex.org/W2524772466","https://openalex.org/W2540344053","https://openalex.org/W2546477115","https://openalex.org/W2583733750","https://openalex.org/W2597068831","https://openalex.org/W2612074600","https://openalex.org/W2733771179","https://openalex.org/W2792120331","https://openalex.org/W2793519446","https://openalex.org/W2795276745","https://openalex.org/W2802510992","https://openalex.org/W2805173205","https://openalex.org/W2813042785","https://openalex.org/W2890072064","https://openalex.org/W2916778709","https://openalex.org/W2921351589","https://openalex.org/W2945086780","https://openalex.org/W2950929549","https://openalex.org/W2952037235","https://openalex.org/W2954543879","https://openalex.org/W2955979265","https://openalex.org/W2963035503","https://openalex.org/W2967621151","https://openalex.org/W2971329741","https://openalex.org/W2998260705","https://openalex.org/W3008565916","https://openalex.org/W3016325548","https://openalex.org/W3017194848","https://openalex.org/W3025372446","https://openalex.org/W3093618021","https://openalex.org/W3096330798","https://openalex.org/W3120581832","https://openalex.org/W3158839158","https://openalex.org/W3173309095","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4240703908","https://openalex.org/W4287887122","https://openalex.org/W4296501318","https://openalex.org/W4296550794","https://openalex.org/W4307810592","https://openalex.org/W6602031475","https://openalex.org/W6629353124","https://openalex.org/W6634623812","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6684381734","https://openalex.org/W6686689322","https://openalex.org/W6720610089","https://openalex.org/W6726651112","https://openalex.org/W6748836903","https://openalex.org/W6780011839","https://openalex.org/W6780171567"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2923452570","https://openalex.org/W206598027","https://openalex.org/W2978610750","https://openalex.org/W2022931285","https://openalex.org/W1589966275","https://openalex.org/W2086872282","https://openalex.org/W2137789903","https://openalex.org/W1592324786","https://openalex.org/W2040166533","https://openalex.org/W2104478802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"open":[1],"radio":[2],"access":[3],"network":[4,131],"(O-RAN)":[5],"architecture":[6],"provides":[7],"enhanced":[8],"opportunities":[9],"for":[10,116],"integrating":[11],"machine":[12],"learning":[13,24],"in":[14,50],"5G/6G":[15],"resource":[16,69,96,138],"management":[17],"by":[18,171,174,179],"decomposing":[19],"RAN":[20,36,52],"functionalities.":[21],"Yet,":[22],"generic":[23],"mechanisms":[25],"either":[26],"do":[27],"not":[28],"fully":[29],"exploit":[30],"the":[31,40,88,104,142,148],"disaggregated":[32],"non-real-time":[33],"and":[34,118,146,160,176],"near-real-time":[35],"controllers":[37],"or":[38],"ignore":[39],"potential":[41],"elasticity":[42],"of":[43,48,90,103],"application":[44,169],"demands,":[45],"another":[46],"degree":[47],"freedom":[49],"managing":[51],"resources.":[53],"We":[54,153],"introduce":[55],"a":[56,100],"two-timescale":[57],"framework":[58,108],"aimed":[59],"at":[60],"optimizing":[61],"users\u2019":[62],"long-term":[63],"total":[64],"QoS.":[65],"Rather":[66],"than":[67],"reactive":[68],"allocation,":[70],"our":[71,155,165],"approach":[72],"proactively":[73],"modifies":[74],"multi-resource":[75],"user":[76,92,137],"demands":[77],"using":[78],"congestion":[79],"indicators,":[80],"prior":[81],"to":[82,109,114,133],"enforcing":[83],"any":[84],"allocation":[85],"rules.":[86],"Addressing":[87],"issue":[89],"insufficient":[91,117],"feedback":[93],"on":[94,136],"individual":[95],"utilities,":[97],"we":[98],"employ":[99],"bandit-feedback":[101],"version":[102],"combinatorial":[105],"multi-armed":[106],"bandit":[107],"deduce":[110],"resource-specific":[111],"signals.":[112],"Also,":[113],"compensate":[115],"infrequent":[119],"feedback,":[120],"we\u2019ve":[121],"developed":[122],"an":[123],"algorithm":[124],"that":[125],"gleans":[126],"side":[127],"information":[128],"from":[129],"live":[130],"traffic":[132],"refine":[134],"predictions":[135],"sensitivities.":[139],"This":[140],"streamlines":[141],"algorithm\u2019s":[143],"optimality":[144],"convergence":[145],"leverages":[147],"two-tier":[149],"O-RAN":[150],"controller":[151],"structure.":[152],"validate":[154],"algorithms\u2019":[156],"efficacy":[157],"through":[158],"analysis":[159],"5G":[161],"usage":[162],"experiments,":[163],"revealing":[164],"proposed":[166],"method":[167],"improves":[168],"utility":[170],"13-60%,":[172],"throughput":[173],"8-19%,":[175],"reduces":[177],"latency":[178],"10-18%.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
