{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389104783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2023.3336190","title":"Open RAN xApps Design and Evaluation: Lessons Learnt and Identified Challenges","display_name":"Open RAN xApps Design and Evaluation: Lessons Learnt and Identified Challenges","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389104783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2023.3336190"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2023.3336190","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2023.3336190","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/49/5594698/10329915.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/49/5594698/10329915.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102862074","display_name":"Marcin Hoffmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4957-0173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46597724","display_name":"Pozna\u0144 University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p7p3302","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcin Hoffmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","Rimedo Labs and Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, POLAND"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4957-0173","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs and Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, POLAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006287085","display_name":"Salim Janji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1460-9250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46597724","display_name":"Pozna\u0144 University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p7p3302","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salim Janji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","Rimedo Labs and Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, POLAND"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1460-9250","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs and Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, POLAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080042070","display_name":"Adam Samorzewski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4138-5544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46597724","display_name":"Pozna\u0144 University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p7p3302","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Samorzewski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","Rimedo Labs and Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, POLAND"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4138-5544","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs and Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, POLAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091654177","display_name":"\u0141ukasz Ku\u0142acz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3434-1917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46597724","display_name":"Pozna\u0144 University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p7p3302","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0141ukasz Ku\u0142acz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","Rimedo Labs and Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, POLAND"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3434-1917","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs and Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, POLAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046815415","display_name":"Cezary Adamczyk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0634-8935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46597724","display_name":"Pozna\u0144 University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p7p3302","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cezary Adamczyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Radio-communications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0634-8935","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Radio-communications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045368807","display_name":"Marcin Dryja\u0144ski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5906-6413"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcin Dryja\u0144ski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5906-6413","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059432217","display_name":"Pawe\u0142 Kryszkiewicz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9054-9416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46597724","display_name":"Pozna\u0144 University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p7p3302","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pawel Kryszkiewicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","Rimedo Labs and Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, POLAND"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9054-9416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs and Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, POLAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011947791","display_name":"Adrian Kliks","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6766-7836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46597724","display_name":"Pozna\u0144 University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p7p3302","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrian Kliks","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","Rimedo Labs and Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, POLAND"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6766-7836","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs and Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, POLAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042522098","display_name":"Hanna Bogucka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1709-4862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46597724","display_name":"Pozna\u0144 University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p7p3302","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanna Bogucka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","Rimedo Labs and Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, POLAND"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1709-4862","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs, Poznań, Poland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rimedo Labs and Institute of Radiocommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, POLAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46597724"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6212,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94355467,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"2","first_page":"473","last_page":"486"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8031708002090454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardization","display_name":"Standardization","score":0.7383850812911987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.6084015965461731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.5956972241401672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5850346684455872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5709827542304993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-standard","display_name":"Open standard","score":0.5468950867652893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ran","display_name":"Ran","score":0.5153183937072754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4495665431022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4408298432826996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.43330153822898865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-management","display_name":"Engineering management","score":0.3265077471733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.32026007771492004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.27478086948394775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2681286334991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.11611995100975037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11453139781951904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.10685065388679504}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8031708002090454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.7383850812911987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.6084015965461731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5956972241401672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5850346684455872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5709827542304993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67936045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q681263","display_name":"Open standard","level":3,"score":0.5468950867652893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160704184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18031028","display_name":"Ran","level":2,"score":0.5153183937072754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4495665431022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4408298432826996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.43330153822898865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.3265077471733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.32026007771492004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.27478086948394775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2681286334991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.11611995100975037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11453139781951904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.10685065388679504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2023.3336190","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2023.3336190","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/49/5594698/10329915.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2023.3336190","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2023.3336190","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/49/5594698/10329915.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6834856424","display_name":"Advanced methods and techniques for identification and counteracting cyber attacks on 5G access network and applications","funder_award_id":"CYBERSECIDENT/487845/IV/NCBR/2021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335039","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Bada\u0144 i Rozwoju"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335039","display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Bada\u0144 i Rozwoju","ror":"https://ror.org/05pwfyy15"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389104783.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389104783.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1913771409","https://openalex.org/W2175808708","https://openalex.org/W2561284510","https://openalex.org/W2899862955","https://openalex.org/W2971596567","https://openalex.org/W3021614403","https://openalex.org/W3083614422","https://openalex.org/W3090837129","https://openalex.org/W3169406942","https://openalex.org/W3201082120","https://openalex.org/W3215827683","https://openalex.org/W4206986183","https://openalex.org/W4220945180","https://openalex.org/W4280632860","https://openalex.org/W4285243919","https://openalex.org/W4310716661","https://openalex.org/W4327928501","https://openalex.org/W4375928965","https://openalex.org/W4377021477","https://openalex.org/W4386250000","https://openalex.org/W4386533823","https://openalex.org/W4387415043","https://openalex.org/W4387870227"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1766728438","https://openalex.org/W1668090144","https://openalex.org/W2504993638","https://openalex.org/W2083168956","https://openalex.org/W2980853820","https://openalex.org/W404373762","https://openalex.org/W2186004379","https://openalex.org/W2107427363","https://openalex.org/W2132764178","https://openalex.org/W2090788874"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,192],"concept":[1],"of":[2,37,48,89,104,127,183,211,341,392,406],"open":[3,163,172,238],"radio":[4],"access":[5,264,284],"networks":[6],"(RAN)":[7],"creates":[8],"numerous":[9],"opportunities":[10],"for":[11,34,174,314,385],"developing":[12],"new":[13,49,212],"technology":[14],"and":[15,24,42,45,56,75,85,177,256,324,345,350,356,370],"economy":[16],"branches.":[17],"At":[18],"the":[19,28,32,38,43,62,80,90,96,102,113,125,146,155,160,181,189,204,209,224,229,241,270,279,312,328,338,342,366,368,376,390,396,399,403],"same":[20],"time,":[21,318],"a":[22,105],"flexible":[23],"modular":[25],"approach":[26],"in":[27,124,154,162,236,317,321,389],"disaggregated":[29],"RAN":[30,40,164],"entails":[31],"need":[33,301],"careful":[35],"design":[36],"overall":[39],"architecture":[41],"implementation":[44,235,355],"deployment":[46],"process":[47,82],"applications.":[50],"It":[51],"is":[52,194,283],"assumed":[53],"that":[54,99,115,150,246,281,297],"dedicated":[55,247],"specialized":[57],"software":[58,234,308],"companies":[59],"may":[60],"deliver":[61],"latter.":[63],"A":[64],"joint":[65,386],"effort":[66],"must":[67,151],"be":[68,118,152,303,381],"guaranteed":[69],"among":[70],"different":[71],"sectors":[72],"(industry,":[73],"academia,":[74],"standardization":[76],"bodies)":[77],"to":[78,117,158,208,265,285,302,305,333,354],"make":[79],"whole":[81],"efficient,":[83],"safe,":[84],"reliable.":[86],"Here,":[87],"one":[88],"critical":[91,148],"driving":[92],"forces":[93],"origins":[94],"from":[95],"open-source":[97],"community":[98],"often":[100],"stimulates":[101],"development":[103,165,176,210],"specific":[106],"technology.":[107],"In":[108,167,223,240,358],"this":[109],"paper,":[110],"we":[111,139,169,202,227,244,336,360,374],"address":[112,215],"challenges":[114,230,378],"have":[116],"faced":[119],"by":[120],"third-party":[121],"application":[122],"developers":[123],"context":[126],"Open":[128,393],"RAN.":[129,394],"Based":[130],"on":[131],"many":[132],"implemented":[133],"applications":[134,187],"(called":[135],"xApps":[136,349],"or":[137],"rApps),":[138],"compare":[140,170,337],"various":[141],"available":[142,171,320],"solutions.":[143],"We":[144,179,294],"pose":[145],"most":[147],"issues":[149],"tackled":[153],"near":[156],"future":[157],"stimulate":[159],"progress":[161],"further.":[166],"particular,":[168,359],"platforms":[173],"xApp":[175,251,274,407],"testing.":[178,357],"present":[180,228],"details":[182],"implementing":[184],"four":[185],"selected":[186],"describing":[188],"problems":[190,363],"encountered.":[191],"paper":[193,397],"split":[195],"into":[196],"two":[197],"logical":[198,330],"parts":[199],"-":[200],"first,":[201],"identify":[203,375],"key":[205,377],"ambiguities":[206],"related":[207,332,353],"xApps,":[213],"which":[214,379],"more":[216],"complicated":[217],"use":[218],"cases":[219],"like":[220],"beam":[221,248,254,258],"management.":[222],"second":[225,329],"part,":[226,331],"associated":[231,364],"with":[232,365],"detailed":[233,266,286],"existing":[237],"platforms.":[239],"first":[242,404],"case,":[243],"show":[245],"mobility":[249],"management":[250],"can":[252],"reduce":[253],"switches":[255],"keep":[257],"failures":[259],"low.":[260],"However,":[261],"it":[262],"requires":[263],"localization":[267,325],"information.":[268],"Similarly,":[269],"signaling":[271],"storm":[272],"detection":[273],"provides":[275],"expected":[276],"performance":[277],"under":[278],"assumption":[280],"there":[282],"information":[287],"on,":[288],"e.g.,":[289],"time":[290],"advance":[291],"resolution":[292],"parameter.":[293],"conclude":[295],"here":[296],"several":[298],"aspects":[299],"still":[300],"well-defined":[304],"allow":[306],"smooth":[307],"implementation;":[309],"these":[310],"include":[311],"rules":[313],"data":[315],"reporting":[316],"parameters":[319],"service":[322],"models,":[323],"features.":[326],"Concerning":[327],"low-level":[334],"implementation,":[335],"numerical":[339],"results":[340],"traffic":[343],"steering":[344],"quality-of-service-based":[346],"resource":[347],"allocation":[348],"draw":[351],"conclusions":[352],"point":[361],"out":[362],"simulator,":[367],"software,":[369],"conflicts":[371],"inside.":[372],"Finally,":[373],"should":[380],"treated":[382],"as":[383],"incentives":[384],"academia-industry":[387],"cooperation":[388],"field":[391],"Thus,":[395],"presents":[398],"lesson":[400],"learned":[401],"during":[402],"years":[405],"development.":[408]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}