{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387448603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2023.3322799","title":"Deep Learning-Based Multi-User Positioning in Wireless FDMA Cellular Networks","display_name":"Deep Learning-Based Multi-User Positioning in Wireless FDMA Cellular Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387448603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2023.3322799"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2023.3322799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2023.3322799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069404551","display_name":"Zirui Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3748-2211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zirui Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3748-2211","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100751311","display_name":"Zhaoyang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-6228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoyang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-6228","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073520140","display_name":"Zhuoran Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0365-5398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuoran Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0365-5398","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066878475","display_name":"Zhaohui Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-589X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaohui Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-589X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070646892","display_name":"Richeng Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1480-585X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richeng Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1480-585X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.439,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89546658,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"12","first_page":"3848","last_page":"3862"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8682012557983398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.63959139585495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-division-multiple-access","display_name":"Frequency-division multiple access","score":0.579442024230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subcarrier","display_name":"Subcarrier","score":0.5774574279785156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4677669405937195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.4530590772628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.4414726495742798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4326370656490326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.42814233899116516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.42514368891716003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.41417208313941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3622435927391052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.36004638671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.34684693813323975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3435535728931427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.22367584705352783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22273579239845276}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8682012557983398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.63959139585495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776208322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844071","display_name":"Frequency-division multiple access","level":4,"score":0.579442024230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198329298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586358","display_name":"Subcarrier","level":4,"score":0.5774574279785156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4677669405937195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.4530590772628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.4414726495742798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4326370656490326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.42814233899116516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.42514368891716003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.41417208313941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3622435927391052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.36004638671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.34684693813323975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3435535728931427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.22367584705352783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22273579239845276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2023.3322799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2023.3322799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1561785553","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61725104","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2083864830","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFB1807101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6610172906","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U20A20158","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8162852627","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB1801104","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1995364176","https://openalex.org/W2009498857","https://openalex.org/W2041741035","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2126341321","https://openalex.org/W2163817142","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2343448572","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2781054684","https://openalex.org/W2789758093","https://openalex.org/W2792367815","https://openalex.org/W2796919480","https://openalex.org/W2809356669","https://openalex.org/W2901531104","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2961249054","https://openalex.org/W2962927793","https://openalex.org/W2967981090","https://openalex.org/W2971911836","https://openalex.org/W2988843457","https://openalex.org/W3009434745","https://openalex.org/W3039795369","https://openalex.org/W3045583214","https://openalex.org/W3134406316","https://openalex.org/W3167854971","https://openalex.org/W4226060947","https://openalex.org/W4288574671","https://openalex.org/W4388040417","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6759127422","https://openalex.org/W6795140394"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055131418","https://openalex.org/W1501039677","https://openalex.org/W3161598161","https://openalex.org/W2306672848","https://openalex.org/W2128552819","https://openalex.org/W4291701075","https://openalex.org/W2155294209","https://openalex.org/W2006288161","https://openalex.org/W2169491089","https://openalex.org/W2359859694"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,46],"Cooperative":[1],"Intelligent":[2],"Transportation":[3],"Systems":[4],"(C-ITS)":[5],"and":[6,14,81,119,192,231,247],"Connected":[7],"Automated":[8],"Vehicles":[9],"(CAV),":[10],"accessing":[11],"multiple":[12],"users":[13,50],"providing":[15],"high-precision":[16],"positioning":[17,38,178],"are":[18,51,84,235],"both":[19],"vital.":[20],"This":[21,90],"paper":[22,91],"aims":[23],"to":[24,31,39,73,86,109,134,161,196,222],"design":[25],"an":[26],"efficient":[27,82],"deep":[28],"learning":[29,99,153],"approach":[30,95,154],"extend":[32],"current":[33],"Channel":[34],"State":[35],"Information":[36],"(CSI)-based":[37],"Frequency":[40],"Division":[41],"Multiple":[42],"Access":[43],"(FDMA)":[44],"mode.":[45,144],"FDMA":[47,143],"mode,":[48],"different":[49,54],"allocated":[52],"with":[53,136,180,238],"subcarriers,":[55],"making":[56],"the":[57,74,122,125,137,148,168,198,204,245,250],"user":[58],"CSI":[59,114],"have":[60],"diverse":[61,66,138],"frequency":[62,67,131,139,206],"domain":[63,68,132,207],"characteristics.":[64,208],"The":[65,209,227],"characteristics":[69],"bring":[70],"huge":[71],"interference":[72],"neural":[75,127],"network":[76,128,199],"for":[77,100],"stable":[78,164],"position":[79],"inference,":[80],"designs":[83],"required":[85],"handle":[87],"this":[88,152],"challenge.":[89],"proposes":[92],"a":[93,106,185,212],"novel":[94],"named":[96],"multi-frequency":[97,171],"fusion":[98,172],"CSI-based":[101],"positioning.":[102,226],"By":[103],"first":[104],"using":[105],"shareable":[107],"method":[108],"extract":[110],"position-related":[111],"features":[112,195],"from":[113],"on":[115,167,233],"each":[116],"subcarrier":[117],"independently":[118],"then":[120],"fusing":[121],"obtained":[123],"features,":[124],"designed":[126],"obtains":[129],"excellent":[130],"flexibility":[133],"cope":[135],"address":[140],"challenge":[141],"in":[142,155],"Meanwhile,":[145],"we":[146,174],"provide":[147],"feasibility":[149],"analysis":[150],"of":[151,170,249],"massive":[156],"Multiple-Input":[157],"Multiple-Output":[158],"(MIMO)":[159],"systems":[160],"ensure":[162,197],"its":[163],"application.":[165],"Based":[166],"architecture":[169],"learning,":[173],"propose":[175],"two":[176],"specific":[177],"schemes":[179],"differentiated":[181],"designs.":[182],"One":[183],"is":[184,200,211],"Multi-Frequency":[186,213],"Ensemble":[187],"Network":[188,215],"(MFENet),":[189],"which":[190,217],"extracts":[191],"fuses":[193],"frequency-independent":[194],"utterly":[201],"unharmed":[202],"by":[203],"complicated":[205],"other":[210],"Cumulative":[214],"(MFCNet),":[216],"uses":[218],"sufficient":[219],"feature":[220],"accumulation":[221],"achieve":[223],"high":[224],"precision":[225],"key":[228],"performance":[229],"indices":[230],"applications":[232],"vehicles":[234],"comprehensively":[236],"compared":[237],"popular":[239],"deep-learning":[240],"methods.":[241],"Experiment":[242],"results":[243],"show":[244],"effectiveness":[246],"superiority":[248],"proposed":[251],"schemes.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
