{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3171539023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2021.3088720","title":"Time and Energy Minimization Communications Based on Collaborative Beamforming for UAV Networks: A Multi-Objective Optimization Method","display_name":"Time and Energy Minimization Communications Based on Collaborative Beamforming for UAV Networks: A Multi-Objective Optimization Method","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3171539023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2021.3088720","mag":"3171539023"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2021.3088720","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2021.3088720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085514719","display_name":"Geng Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7802-4908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geng Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7802-4908","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100462964","display_name":"Jiahui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7454-3257"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiahui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020068277","display_name":"Yanheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9826-5266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9826-5266","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089360699","display_name":"Shuang Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7651-505X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuang Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7651-505X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041210883","display_name":"Hui Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1077-1322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1077-1322","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":52.7324,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":78,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99746988,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"11","first_page":"3555","last_page":"3572"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8523703217506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7127512693405151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.49953603744506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.49554145336151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.48806798458099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.48777514696121216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.48726406693458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.47015810012817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4634212553501129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4137972891330719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-minimization","display_name":"Energy minimization","score":0.41366127133369446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3561747670173645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.21368500590324402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1828288435935974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.16422122716903687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.08608043193817139}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8523703217506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7127512693405151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.49953603744506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.49554145336151123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.48806798458099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.48777514696121216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.48726406693458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.47015810012817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4634212553501129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4137972891330719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14961307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377176","display_name":"Energy minimization","level":2,"score":0.41366127133369446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3561747670173645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.21368500590324402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1828288435935974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.16422122716903687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08608043193817139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147597530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369472","display_name":"Computational chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2021.3088720","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2021.3088720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3396034626","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61806083","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4762983510","display_name":"\u667a\u80fd\u7f51\u8054\u6c7d\u8f66\u8f68\u8ff9\u89c4\u5212\u4e0e\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u4f5c\u7684\u8054\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61872158","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7129261606","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002133","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8989881109","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JJKH20200996KJ","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326270","funder_display_name":"Education Department of Jilin Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326270","display_name":"Education Department of Jilin Province","ror":"https://ror.org/05782e512"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W796388308","https://openalex.org/W883434633","https://openalex.org/W1975671633","https://openalex.org/W2001979953","https://openalex.org/W2038636021","https://openalex.org/W2043850694","https://openalex.org/W2061253240","https://openalex.org/W2076453356","https://openalex.org/W2088897393","https://openalex.org/W2105181586","https://openalex.org/W2121429049","https://openalex.org/W2134692009","https://openalex.org/W2145418868","https://openalex.org/W2165171393","https://openalex.org/W2413631189","https://openalex.org/W2481453975","https://openalex.org/W2517636134","https://openalex.org/W2528788999","https://openalex.org/W2586115897","https://openalex.org/W2729025013","https://openalex.org/W2762702165","https://openalex.org/W2783184536","https://openalex.org/W2785632529","https://openalex.org/W2888790369","https://openalex.org/W2908286879","https://openalex.org/W2911916515","https://openalex.org/W2935997796","https://openalex.org/W2956026482","https://openalex.org/W2961619538","https://openalex.org/W2962691117","https://openalex.org/W2963523817","https://openalex.org/W2963569053","https://openalex.org/W2964023906","https://openalex.org/W2964125271","https://openalex.org/W2964135632","https://openalex.org/W2965357964","https://openalex.org/W2965660127","https://openalex.org/W2972503844","https://openalex.org/W2973697444","https://openalex.org/W2980589456","https://openalex.org/W2985849463","https://openalex.org/W2987093331","https://openalex.org/W2990619686","https://openalex.org/W2991627768","https://openalex.org/W2992674204","https://openalex.org/W2994008524","https://openalex.org/W2994270777","https://openalex.org/W2998280308","https://openalex.org/W3003169134","https://openalex.org/W3012319098","https://openalex.org/W3015875312","https://openalex.org/W3021695453","https://openalex.org/W3034846142","https://openalex.org/W3099587457","https://openalex.org/W3106147932","https://openalex.org/W3117826402","https://openalex.org/W6622956152","https://openalex.org/W6770588370"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2911467035","https://openalex.org/W1518796764","https://openalex.org/W347294048","https://openalex.org/W2226908759","https://openalex.org/W2118841422","https://openalex.org/W2110536527","https://openalex.org/W1981231660","https://openalex.org/W2351116219","https://openalex.org/W1483822002","https://openalex.org/W2061881449"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unmanned":[0],"aerial":[1],"vehicle":[2],"(UAV)":[3],"communications":[4],"and":[5,21,76,95,103,128,131,144,164,186,208],"networks":[6,115],"are":[7,89],"of":[8,37,111,126,135,148,155,166],"utmost":[9],"concern.":[10],"However,":[11,87],"they":[12],"have":[13],"challenges":[14],"such":[15],"as":[16,150,152],"the":[17,64,119,140,153,162,167,193,199,205],"limited":[18],"on-board":[19],"energy":[20,93,104,133],"restricted":[22],"transmit":[23],"power.":[24],"In":[25],"this":[26],"paper,":[27],"we":[28,99,170],"study":[29],"a":[30,35,40,60,101],"UAV-enabled":[31],"communication":[32,106],"scenario":[33],"that":[34,198],"set":[36],"UAVs":[38,136],"perform":[39],"virtual":[41],"antenna":[42],"array":[43],"(VAA)":[44],"to":[45,69,78,116,161,191],"communicate":[46],"with":[47,157,180],"different":[48,158],"remote":[49],"base":[50],"stations":[51],"(BSs)":[52],"by":[53,72,137],"using":[54,73],"collaborative":[55],"beamforming":[56],"(CB).":[57],"To":[58],"achieve":[59],"better":[61,211],"transmission":[62,96,121],"performance,":[63],"UAV":[65,114],"elements":[66],"can":[67,202],"fly":[68],"optimal":[70,74,79],"positions":[71],"speeds":[75,143],"adjust":[77],"excitation":[80,145],"current":[81,146],"weights":[82,147],"for":[83],"performing":[84,124],"CB":[85,112],"transmissions.":[86],"there":[88],"some":[90,214],"trade-offs":[91],"between":[92],"consumption":[94],"performance.":[97],"Thus,":[98],"formulate":[100],"time":[102,125],"minimization":[105],"multi-objective":[107,174],"optimization":[108,177],"problem":[109],"(TEMCMOP)":[110],"in":[113],"simultaneously":[117],"minimize":[118],"total":[120,123,129],"time,":[122],"VAAs":[127],"motion":[130],"hovering":[132],"consumptions":[134],"jointly":[138],"optimizing":[139],"positions,":[141],"flight":[142],"UAVs,":[149],"well":[151],"order":[154],"communicating":[156],"BSs.":[159],"Due":[160],"complexity":[163],"NP-hardness":[165],"formulated":[168,206],"TEMCMOP,":[169],"propose":[171],"an":[172],"improved":[173],"ant":[175],"lion":[176],"(IMOALO)":[178],"algorithm":[179],"chaos-opposition":[181],"based":[182],"learning":[183],"solution":[184,188],"initialization":[185],"hybrid":[187],"update":[189],"operators":[190],"solve":[192,204],"problem.":[194],"Simulation":[195],"results":[196],"verify":[197],"proposed":[200],"IMOALO":[201],"effectively":[203],"TEMCMOP":[207],"it":[209],"has":[210],"performance":[212],"than":[213],"other":[215],"benchmark":[216],"approaches.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}