{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3016741624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2020.2999696","title":"Safeguard Network Slicing in 5G: A Learning Augmented Optimization Approach","display_name":"Safeguard Network Slicing in 5G: A Learning Augmented Optimization Approach","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3016741624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2020.2999696","mag":"3016741624"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2020.2999696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2020.2999696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046807824","display_name":"Xiangle Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","display_name":"University of Exeter","ror":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiangle Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004458037","display_name":"Yulei Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0801-8443"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","display_name":"University of Exeter","ror":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100770003","display_name":"Geyong Min","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1395-7314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","display_name":"University of Exeter","ror":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geyong Min","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015993565","display_name":"Albert Y. Zomaya","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Albert Y. Zomaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technologies, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technologies, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068336744","display_name":"Xuming Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7695-3962"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuming Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Info Coding and Transmission, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Info Coding and Transmission, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046807824"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.2761,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97284381,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"7","first_page":"1600","last_page":"1613"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8901265859603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slicing","display_name":"Slicing","score":0.8665341734886169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5853858590126038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/provisioning","display_name":"Provisioning","score":0.5783374905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snapshot","display_name":"Snapshot (computer storage)","score":0.5201950073242188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.504998505115509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safeguard","display_name":"Safeguard","score":0.4976363480091095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3954854905605316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.20350107550621033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.1830456554889679}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8901265859603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776190703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q488148","display_name":"Slicing","level":2,"score":0.8665341734886169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5853858590126038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172191483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071806","display_name":"Provisioning","level":2,"score":0.5783374905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55282118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252683","display_name":"Snapshot (computer storage)","level":2,"score":0.5201950073242188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.504998505115509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780771206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3271761","display_name":"Safeguard","level":2,"score":0.4976363480091095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3954854905605316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.20350107550621033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.1830456554889679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2020.2999696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2020.2999696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ore.exeter.ac.uk:10871/120227","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10871/120227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401998","display_name":"Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","host_organization_name":"University of Exeter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/29767241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal contribution"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/29767241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal contribution"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6404052250","display_name":"Energy-Efficient Service Function Orchestration in 5G Mobile Networks","funder_award_id":"EP/R030863/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7456257479","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/R030863/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22878335","https://openalex.org/W269878820","https://openalex.org/W650854417","https://openalex.org/W1516996557","https://openalex.org/W1552828154","https://openalex.org/W1604047786","https://openalex.org/W1604234259","https://openalex.org/W1991056455","https://openalex.org/W2000953623","https://openalex.org/W2006093909","https://openalex.org/W2019687840","https://openalex.org/W2029455334","https://openalex.org/W2052190282","https://openalex.org/W2080555506","https://openalex.org/W2093562354","https://openalex.org/W2100699015","https://openalex.org/W2129372310","https://openalex.org/W2130942839","https://openalex.org/W2137152139","https://openalex.org/W2142547489","https://openalex.org/W2314452538","https://openalex.org/W2325918172","https://openalex.org/W2374516805","https://openalex.org/W2400861403","https://openalex.org/W2488332032","https://openalex.org/W2492309821","https://openalex.org/W2500898769","https://openalex.org/W2507756961","https://openalex.org/W2522146534","https://openalex.org/W2558513815","https://openalex.org/W2562947506","https://openalex.org/W2579403893","https://openalex.org/W2602923095","https://openalex.org/W2605961225","https://openalex.org/W2781839613","https://openalex.org/W2783940827","https://openalex.org/W2789347699","https://openalex.org/W2792994819","https://openalex.org/W2793519446","https://openalex.org/W2845043612","https://openalex.org/W2883825815","https://openalex.org/W2891404589","https://openalex.org/W2942706550","https://openalex.org/W2963376050","https://openalex.org/W2996431531","https://openalex.org/W4231776953","https://openalex.org/W4293880031","https://openalex.org/W6609953468","https://openalex.org/W6636118494","https://openalex.org/W6674977452","https://openalex.org/W6679436768","https://openalex.org/W6722360677","https://openalex.org/W6725207838"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3121667336","https://openalex.org/W2492640494","https://openalex.org/W564095378","https://openalex.org/W2393746923","https://openalex.org/W2972496411","https://openalex.org/W3033662781","https://openalex.org/W4379054516","https://openalex.org/W4239223006","https://openalex.org/W2360869927","https://openalex.org/W2612138797"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Network":[0],"slicing,":[1],"as":[2,30],"a":[3,65,117,135,160],"key":[4],"5G":[5],"enabling":[6],"technology,":[7],"is":[8,28,86,103,152],"promising":[9],"to":[10,73,100,133,159,168],"support":[11],"with":[12,70,122,176],"more":[13],"flexibility,":[14],"agility,":[15],"and":[16,22,37,125,143,155],"intelligence":[17],"towards":[18],"the":[19,41,55,58,75,79,106,131,149,172],"provisioned":[20],"services":[21],"infrastructure":[23],"management.":[24],"Fulfilling":[25],"these":[26],"tasks":[27],"challenging,":[29],"nowadays":[31],"networks":[32],"are":[33,110],"increasingly":[34],"heterogeneous,":[35],"dynamic":[36],"large-dimensioned.":[38],"This":[39,129],"contradicts":[40],"dominant":[42],"network":[43,76],"slicing":[44,67,77,137],"solutions":[45],"that":[46,148],"only":[47],"customize":[48],"immediate":[49],"performance":[50],"over":[51],"one":[52],"snapshot":[53],"of":[54],"system":[56,108,132],"in":[57,78,171],"literature.":[59],"Instead,":[60],"this":[61,101],"paper":[62],"first":[63],"presents":[64],"two-stage":[66],"optimization":[68,120],"model":[69],"time-averaged":[71],"metrics":[72],"safeguard":[74],"dynamical":[80],"networks,":[81],"where":[82],"prior":[83],"environmental":[84],"knowledge":[85],"absent":[87],"but":[88],"can":[89],"be":[90],"partially":[91],"observed":[92],"at":[93],"runtime.":[94],"Directly":[95],"solving":[96],"an":[97],"off-line":[98],"solution":[99,138,151],"problem":[102],"intractable":[104],"since":[105],"future":[107],"realizations":[109],"unknown":[111],"before":[112],"decisions.":[113],"Therefore,":[114],"we":[115,165],"propose":[116],"learning":[118,124],"augmented":[119],"approach":[121],"deep":[123],"Lyapunov":[126],"stability":[127],"theories.":[128],"enables":[130],"learn":[134],"safe":[136],"from":[139],"both":[140],"historical":[141],"records":[142],"run-time":[144],"observations.":[145],"We":[146],"prove":[147],"proposed":[150],"always":[153],"feasible":[154],"nearly":[156],"optimal,":[157],"up":[158,167],"constant":[161],"additive":[162],"factor.":[163],"Finally,":[164],"demonstrate":[166],"2.6\u00d7":[169],"improvement":[170],"simulation":[173],"when":[174],"compared":[175],"three":[177],"state-of-the-art":[178],"algorithms.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
