{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963896195","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2019.2929399","title":"Generalized Beamspace Modulation Using Multiplexing: A Breakthrough in mmWave MIMO","display_name":"Generalized Beamspace Modulation Using Multiplexing: A Breakthrough in mmWave MIMO","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963896195","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2019.2929399","mag":"2963896195"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2019.2929399","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2019.2929399","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043457090","display_name":"Shuaishuai Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0885-7327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuaishuai Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wireless Communication Technologies, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0885-7327","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wireless Communication Technologies, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100375622","display_name":"Haixia Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5081-7287"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haixia Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wireless Communication Technologies, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5081-7287","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wireless Communication Technologies, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100364054","display_name":"Peng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9047-6130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66883779","display_name":"Weifang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01frp7483","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66883779"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9047-6130","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66883779"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052609729","display_name":"Pengjie Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6536-5578"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengjie Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wireless Communication Technologies, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wireless Communication Technologies, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001617331","display_name":"Leiyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2394-6937"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leiyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wireless Communication Technologies, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wireless Communication Technologies, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083193286","display_name":"Mohamed\u2010Slim Alouini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-1793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed-Slim Alouini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-1793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2693,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92639212,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"9","first_page":"2014","last_page":"2028"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7665067315101624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.75403892993927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplexing","display_name":"Multiplexing","score":0.7437142133712769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-multiplexing","display_name":"Spatial multiplexing","score":0.5612295866012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.5414689779281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.492317795753479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.47536391019821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4439452886581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4218606948852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20160043239593506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.10955691337585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.10541477799415588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10082381963729858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7665067315101624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.75403892993927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.7437142133712769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85884896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574075","display_name":"Spatial multiplexing","level":4,"score":0.5612295866012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.5414689779281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.492317795753479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.47536391019821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4439452886581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4218606948852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20160043239593506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.10955691337585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.10541477799415588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10082381963729858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2019.2929399","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2019.2929399","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.kaust.edu.sa:10754/668389","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10754/668389","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401596","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","host_organization_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1792992883","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61801266","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G517304402","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5929\u7ebf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u7f16\u7801\u8c03\u5236\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61471269","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6791492209","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2018BF033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G96062130","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61860206005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322320","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W107892049","https://openalex.org/W1606470095","https://openalex.org/W1855425039","https://openalex.org/W1972150576","https://openalex.org/W1999153524","https://openalex.org/W2004294022","https://openalex.org/W2006245542","https://openalex.org/W2034084319","https://openalex.org/W2053521124","https://openalex.org/W2067605736","https://openalex.org/W2103146663","https://openalex.org/W2165943096","https://openalex.org/W2259391824","https://openalex.org/W2316826744","https://openalex.org/W2336105067","https://openalex.org/W2336710304","https://openalex.org/W2336770412","https://openalex.org/W2469174679","https://openalex.org/W2510675935","https://openalex.org/W2561711658","https://openalex.org/W2566196748","https://openalex.org/W2579684502","https://openalex.org/W2583134490","https://openalex.org/W2594990926","https://openalex.org/W2596111602","https://openalex.org/W2606103544","https://openalex.org/W2607762622","https://openalex.org/W2615667137","https://openalex.org/W2618220085","https://openalex.org/W2759690425","https://openalex.org/W2760410543","https://openalex.org/W2789508905","https://openalex.org/W2792966440","https://openalex.org/W2800812197","https://openalex.org/W2909210439","https://openalex.org/W2915118397","https://openalex.org/W2961903688","https://openalex.org/W2963024578","https://openalex.org/W2963969247","https://openalex.org/W2964179071","https://openalex.org/W2964307770","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4256217385","https://openalex.org/W6758219395","https://openalex.org/W6766381585"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972125288","https://openalex.org/W4237321995","https://openalex.org/W2159343473","https://openalex.org/W2486733753","https://openalex.org/W2950721519","https://openalex.org/W2606846467","https://openalex.org/W4312452255","https://openalex.org/W2036873880","https://openalex.org/W1030714881","https://openalex.org/W2357330935"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,27,159],"generalized":[4],"beamspace":[5,33,44,54,72,196],"modulation":[6],"using":[7],"multiplexing":[8,28,176,192],"(GBMM)":[9],"scheme":[10],"for":[11],"millimeter":[12],"wave":[13],"(mmWave)":[14],"multiple-input":[15],"multiple-output":[16],"(MIMO)":[17],"communications":[18],"with":[19],"reduced":[20],"radio":[21],"frequency":[22,174],"(RF)":[23],"chains.":[24],"Besides":[25],"achieving":[26],"gain":[29],"over":[30,193],"the":[31,40,43,50,53,61,66,70,80,85,93,99,105,116,125,133,137,146,149,154,164,170,190,194,208],"selected":[32],"set,":[34],"GBMM":[35,68,188],"additionally":[36],"makes":[37],"use":[38],"of":[39,42,65,132,148,156,200],"index":[41],"set":[45,73,197],"to":[46,103,114,162,172],"carry":[47],"information.":[48],"In":[49,84,124],"proposed":[51,67],"GBMM,":[52,157],"sets":[55],"are":[56,141],"non-uniformly":[57],"activated.":[58],"We":[59],"investigate":[60,145],"spectral":[62],"efficiency":[63],"(SE)":[64],"and":[69,96,120,136,168,183],"SE-oriented":[71],"activation":[74,122,139],"probability":[75],"optimization":[76],"as":[77,79,207],"well":[78,205],"hybrid":[81,86,106,150],"precoder":[82,87,121,138,166],"design.":[83],"design":[88,92,104],"procedure,":[89],"we":[90,144],"first":[91],"fully-digital":[94,101,118,134],"precoders":[95,102,119,135],"then":[97],"adopt":[98],"optimized":[100,165],"precoders.":[107],"A":[108],"gradient":[109],"ascent":[110],"algorithm":[111],"is":[112],"developed":[113],"find":[115],"optimal":[117],"probabilities.":[123],"high":[126],"signal-to-noise-ratio":[127],"(SNR)":[128],"regime,":[129],"closed-form":[130],"solutions":[131],"probabilities":[140],"derived.":[142],"Moreover,":[143],"impact":[147],"receiver":[151],"structure":[152],"on":[153],"performance":[155],"propose":[158],"coding":[160],"method":[161],"realize":[163],"activation,":[167],"discuss":[169],"extension":[171],"orthogonal":[173],"division":[175],"(OFDM)-based":[177],"mmWave":[178,213],"broadband":[179],"communications.":[180,215],"Both":[181],"analytical":[182],"numerical":[184],"results":[185],"show":[186],"that":[187],"outperforms":[189],"spatial":[191],"best":[195,209],"in":[198,212],"terms":[199],"SE,":[201],"which":[202],"has":[203],"been":[204],"recognized":[206],"transmission":[210],"solution":[211],"MIMO":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}