{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2946536378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2019.2916488","title":"Front-End Smart Visual Sensing and Back-End Intelligent Analysis: A Unified Infrastructure for Economizing the Visual System of City Brain","display_name":"Front-End Smart Visual Sensing and Back-End Intelligent Analysis: A Unified Infrastructure for Economizing the Visual System of City Brain","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2946536378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2019.2916488","mag":"2946536378"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2019.2916488","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2019.2916488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063901345","display_name":"Yihang Lou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8143-389X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yihang Lou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Digital Media, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Digital Media, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024879728","display_name":"Ling\u2010Yu Duan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4491-2023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling-Yu Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100385178","display_name":"Shiqi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3583-959X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiqi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061136335","display_name":"Ziqian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2514-6906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziqian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Digital Media, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Digital Media, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100619463","display_name":"Yan Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2152-9611"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Digital Media, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Digital Media, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002277899","display_name":"Chang Wen Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changwen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018478553","display_name":"Wen Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8070-802X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063901345"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9415,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89215547,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"7","first_page":"1489","last_page":"1503"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9775999784469604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7697254419326782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6098166704177856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5028762221336365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-city","display_name":"Smart city","score":0.4958136975765228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.47324711084365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.42764461040496826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.42544087767601013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4202845096588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/front-and-back-ends","display_name":"Front and back ends","score":0.41803228855133057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3379806876182556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3221225142478943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.30084389448165894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.10246837139129639}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7697254419326782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6098166704177856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5028762221336365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777103469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231558","display_name":"Smart city","level":3,"score":0.4958136975765228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.47324711084365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.42764461040496826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.42544087767601013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4202845096588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53016008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620167","display_name":"Front and back ends","level":2,"score":0.41803228855133057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3379806876182556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3221225142478943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.30084389448165894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.10246837139129639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2019.2916488","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2019.2916488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5526867466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1611461","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6770470363","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015CB351806","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7562652870","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61661146005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":121,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W204268067","https://openalex.org/W1677409904","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1724438581","https://openalex.org/W1783842908","https://openalex.org/W1920702274","https://openalex.org/W1928419358","https://openalex.org/W1949591461","https://openalex.org/W1975517671","https://openalex.org/W2012592962","https://openalex.org/W2012795032","https://openalex.org/W2071027807","https://openalex.org/W2096733369","https://openalex.org/W2105103777","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2117228865","https://openalex.org/W2119144962","https://openalex.org/W2135442311","https://openalex.org/W2140199336","https://openalex.org/W2146395539","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2174726731","https://openalex.org/W2186356322","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2196230072","https://openalex.org/W2204750386","https://openalex.org/W2361187101","https://openalex.org/W2409314243","https://openalex.org/W2432402544","https://openalex.org/W2467139031","https://openalex.org/W2470322391","https://openalex.org/W2511791013","https://openalex.org/W2519904008","https://openalex.org/W2520760693","https://openalex.org/W2543539599","https://openalex.org/W2549858646","https://openalex.org/W2575345876","https://openalex.org/W2585635281","https://openalex.org/W2593245696","https://openalex.org/W2598634450","https://openalex.org/W2605212061","https://openalex.org/W2606377603","https://openalex.org/W2614042628","https://openalex.org/W2617877996","https://openalex.org/W2619890685","https://openalex.org/W2623912370","https://openalex.org/W2724699544","https://openalex.org/W2737652487","https://openalex.org/W2738760914","https://openalex.org/W2739789140","https://openalex.org/W2741232386","https://openalex.org/W2743674619","https://openalex.org/W2747359207","https://openalex.org/W2747685395","https://openalex.org/W2749544970","https://openalex.org/W2752037867","https://openalex.org/W2754084392","https://openalex.org/W2768610172","https://openalex.org/W2769346661","https://openalex.org/W2770804203","https://openalex.org/W2776879428","https://openalex.org/W2786054724","https://openalex.org/W2788212895","https://openalex.org/W2789546350","https://openalex.org/W2789938689","https://openalex.org/W2795013471","https://openalex.org/W2799251491","https://openalex.org/W2803106750","https://openalex.org/W2891178669","https://openalex.org/W2896413341","https://openalex.org/W2949257576","https://openalex.org/W2949447603","https://openalex.org/W2953759675","https://openalex.org/W2962790536","https://openalex.org/W2962963202","https://openalex.org/W2962988160","https://openalex.org/W2963000559","https://openalex.org/W2963047834","https://openalex.org/W2963125676","https://openalex.org/W2963363373","https://openalex.org/W2963438548","https://openalex.org/W2963452728","https://openalex.org/W2963574614","https://openalex.org/W2963620157","https://openalex.org/W2963626527","https://openalex.org/W2963770864","https://openalex.org/W2963910742","https://openalex.org/W2963977416","https://openalex.org/W2963981420","https://openalex.org/W2964001144","https://openalex.org/W2964044605","https://openalex.org/W2964130064","https://openalex.org/W2964163358","https://openalex.org/W2964189431","https://openalex.org/W2964191079","https://openalex.org/W2964216549","https://openalex.org/W2964228333","https://openalex.org/W2964233199","https://openalex.org/W2964304299","https://openalex.org/W2965737826","https://openalex.org/W2998508940","https://openalex.org/W3098711604","https://openalex.org/W3099206234","https://openalex.org/W3100555577","https://openalex.org/W3102668440","https://openalex.org/W3124288268","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6677308130","https://openalex.org/W6714037253","https://openalex.org/W6724998850","https://openalex.org/W6729045685","https://openalex.org/W6732014465","https://openalex.org/W6738957339","https://openalex.org/W6739000085","https://openalex.org/W6742030086","https://openalex.org/W6743912273","https://openalex.org/W6743958420","https://openalex.org/W6746073842","https://openalex.org/W6748066841","https://openalex.org/W6764742009","https://openalex.org/W6766182182"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1939054760","https://openalex.org/W2068608913","https://openalex.org/W3124914020","https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W2141033859","https://openalex.org/W2010532256","https://openalex.org/W2077542787","https://openalex.org/W2156434174","https://openalex.org/W2071701083","https://openalex.org/W2383687187"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,140],"visual":[1,9,43,57,71,89,110,167,186],"data,":[2],"which":[3,150],"are":[4,14,63,117,125,151,173],"acquired":[5],"from":[6],"the":[7,23,27,36,41,52,55,60,67,70,74,83,86,92,100,104,120,123,132,154,163,166,170,180,184],"ubiquitous":[8],"sensors":[10],"deployed":[11],"in":[12,59,73,91,157,169],"metropolitans,":[13],"of":[15,30,40,69,85,94,108,122,165],"great":[16],"value":[17],"and":[18,25,46,97,103,106,112,137,145,160],"paramount":[19],"significance":[20],"to":[21,65],"enhance":[22],"effectiveness":[24],"pursue":[26],"future":[28,189],"development":[29],"smart":[31,88,190],"cities.":[32],"In":[33,78],"this":[34,158,197],"paper,":[35],"essential":[37],"building":[38],"blocks":[39],"unified":[42,198],"data":[44],"management":[45],"analysis":[47],"infrastructure":[48,124,159],"that":[49],"serve":[50],"as":[51,153],"foundation":[53],"for":[54,188],"economical":[56,95,185],"system":[58,168],"city":[61,171],"brain,":[62,172],"introduced":[64],"facilitate":[66,162],"utilization":[68],"signal":[72],"artificial":[75],"intelligence":[76],"era.":[77],"particular,":[79],"we":[80,177],"start":[81],"by":[82],"discussion":[84],"front-end":[87],"sensing":[90],"context":[93],"communication":[96],"service":[98],"with":[99],"heterogeneous":[101],"network,":[102],"functionalities":[105],"necessities":[107],"compact":[109,143],"feature":[111,144],"deep":[113,146],"learning":[114],"model":[115],"representations":[116],"detailed.":[118],"Subsequently,":[119],"utilities":[121],"demonstrated":[126],"through":[127],"two":[128],"intelligent":[129],"applications":[130],"at":[131],"back-end,":[133],"including":[134],"vehicle":[135],"re-identification":[136],"person":[138],"re-identification.":[139],"standardizations":[141],"regarding":[142,183],"neural":[147],"network":[148],"representations,":[149],"regarded":[152],"key":[155],"ingredients":[156],"greatly":[161],"construction":[164],"also":[174],"discussed.":[175],"Finally,":[176],"envision":[178],"how":[179],"potential":[181],"issues":[182],"communications":[187],"cities":[191],"might":[192],"be":[193],"pragmatically":[194],"approached":[195],"within":[196],"infrastructure.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}