{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2964053866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2017.2724619","title":"On Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access With Finite-Alphabet Inputs in Z-Channels","display_name":"On Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access With Finite-Alphabet Inputs in Z-Channels","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2964053866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2017.2724619","mag":"2964053866"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2017.2724619","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2017.2724619","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013968254","display_name":"Zheng Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3585-1011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CA","CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100327671","display_name":"He Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8886-9680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101860466","display_name":"Jian\u2010Kang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0203-7918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian-Kang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108051851","display_name":"Lei Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2024-1130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013968254"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I98251732"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5802,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90616175,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"12","first_page":"2829","last_page":"2845"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.7681721448898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6181161403656006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.45307350158691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euclidean-distance","display_name":"Euclidean distance","score":0.45226046442985535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4205830991268158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.4007166028022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3878408968448639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3722081184387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.35765737295150757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20081087946891785}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.7681721448898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6181161403656006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.45307350158691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120174047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847073","display_name":"Euclidean distance","level":2,"score":0.45226046442985535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4205830991268158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.4007166028022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3878408968448639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3722081184387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.35765737295150757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20081087946891785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2017.2724619","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2017.2724619","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1868652004","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015A030311030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2623215405","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61501485","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5868011715","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1501253","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6790452837","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DP150104019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7364895546","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61601304","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8281838290","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FL160100032","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595252221","https://openalex.org/W1679470280","https://openalex.org/W1922937245","https://openalex.org/W1958281780","https://openalex.org/W1979408141","https://openalex.org/W1986900179","https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W1998291853","https://openalex.org/W2003392894","https://openalex.org/W2010933606","https://openalex.org/W2013917089","https://openalex.org/W2017686601","https://openalex.org/W2027563534","https://openalex.org/W2029920391","https://openalex.org/W2051943016","https://openalex.org/W2054692642","https://openalex.org/W2068118751","https://openalex.org/W2076597612","https://openalex.org/W2077697667","https://openalex.org/W2085431509","https://openalex.org/W2085486577","https://openalex.org/W2088214533","https://openalex.org/W2093525204","https://openalex.org/W2097695636","https://openalex.org/W2101413281","https://openalex.org/W2102241149","https://openalex.org/W2121546896","https://openalex.org/W2123114258","https://openalex.org/W2124894634","https://openalex.org/W2126308715","https://openalex.org/W2127980469","https://openalex.org/W2132684888","https://openalex.org/W2136180028","https://openalex.org/W2137158410","https://openalex.org/W2140960960","https://openalex.org/W2142022446","https://openalex.org/W2148622067","https://openalex.org/W2151027523","https://openalex.org/W2151795416","https://openalex.org/W2155584029","https://openalex.org/W2157989362","https://openalex.org/W2160272733","https://openalex.org/W2160841597","https://openalex.org/W2168957483","https://openalex.org/W2233021649","https://openalex.org/W2277419020","https://openalex.org/W2296441616","https://openalex.org/W2296761575","https://openalex.org/W2341471227","https://openalex.org/W2346122382","https://openalex.org/W2474841522","https://openalex.org/W2478708596","https://openalex.org/W2485067769","https://openalex.org/W2498747189","https://openalex.org/W2509696551","https://openalex.org/W2516569912","https://openalex.org/W2964123890","https://openalex.org/W2964216502","https://openalex.org/W3099378150","https://openalex.org/W3101650196","https://openalex.org/W3102720604","https://openalex.org/W3147150320","https://openalex.org/W3175367423","https://openalex.org/W6726227549"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355663289","https://openalex.org/W2106913410","https://openalex.org/W4380372336","https://openalex.org/W2354248671","https://openalex.org/W2359134391","https://openalex.org/W2947628004","https://openalex.org/W2935229758","https://openalex.org/W2352791832","https://openalex.org/W2387913039","https://openalex.org/W4309910562"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,176],"paper":[1],"focuses":[2],"on":[3],"the":[4,26,30,39,55,64,78,86,101,109,118,128,158,165,169,173,181,186,198,207,210,223,227,236,240,253,256],"design":[5,89,258],"of":[6,81,113,123,185,194,209,239,255],"non-orthogonal":[7,263],"multiple":[8],"access":[9],"in":[10,91,153,201,213,230],"a":[11,144,191],"classical":[12],"two-transmitter":[13],"two-receiver":[14],"Z-channel,":[15],"wherein":[16],"one":[17],"transmitter":[18,32],"sends":[19,33],"information":[20,34],"to":[21,35,98,116,131,157,163,172,226,247],"its":[22],"intended":[23],"receiver":[24],"from":[25,38],"direct":[27,40],"link":[28],"while":[29],"other":[31],"both":[36,74,105],"receivers":[37],"and":[41,149,196,219,251],"cross":[42,241],"links.":[43],"Unlike":[44],"most":[45],"existing":[46,260],"designs":[47],"using":[48],"(continuous)":[49],"Gaussian":[50],"input":[51],"distribution,":[52],"we":[53,84,96,161,216],"consider":[54],"practical":[56],"finite-alphabet":[57],"(i.e.,":[58],"discrete)":[59],"inputs":[60],"by":[61,73,179,235],"assuming":[62],"that":[63],"widely":[65],"used":[66],"quadrature":[67],"amplitude":[68],"modulation":[69],"constellations":[70,126],"are":[71,245],"adopted":[72],"transmitters.":[75],"To":[76],"balance":[77],"error":[79],"performance":[80],"two":[82,124],"receivers,":[83,129],"apply":[85],"max-min":[87],"fairness":[88],"criterion":[90],"this":[92],"paper.":[93],"More":[94],"specifically,":[95],"propose":[97],"jointly":[99],"optimize":[100],"scaling":[102],"factors":[103],"at":[104,127,137],"transmitters,":[106],"which":[107],"control":[108],"minimum":[110,120],"Euclidean":[111,121],"distance":[112,122],"transmitting":[114],"constellations,":[115],"maximize":[117],"smaller":[119],"resulting":[125],"subject":[130],"an":[132],"individual":[133],"average":[134],"power":[135],"constraint":[136],"each":[138,202],"transmitter.":[139],"The":[140],"formulated":[141,174],"problem":[142,148,189,229],"is":[143,150,177],"mixed":[145],"continuous-discrete":[146],"optimization":[147,188],"thus":[151],"intractable":[152],"general.":[154],"By":[155],"resorting":[156],"Farey":[159],"sequence,":[160],"manage":[162],"attain":[164],"closed-form":[166,220],"expression":[167],"for":[168,222],"optimal":[170,199,211,224],"solution":[171,200],"problem.":[175],"achieved":[178],"dividing":[180],"overall":[182],"feasible":[183],"region":[184],"original":[187,228],"into":[190],"finite":[192],"number":[193],"sub-intervals":[195],"deriving":[197],"sub-interval.":[203],"Through":[204],"carefully":[205],"observing":[206],"structure":[208],"solutions":[212,225],"all":[214],"sub-intervals,":[215],"obtain":[217],"compact":[218],"expressions":[221],"three":[231],"possible":[232],"scenarios":[233],"defined":[234],"relative":[237],"strength":[238],"link.":[242],"Simulation":[243],"studies":[244],"provided":[246],"validate":[248],"our":[249],"analysis":[250],"demonstrate":[252],"merits":[254],"proposed":[257],"over":[259],"orthogonal":[261],"or":[262],"schemes.":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
