{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1787083097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2015.2432518","title":"Optimization of Free Space Optical Wireless Network for Cellular Backhauling","display_name":"Optimization of Free Space Optical Wireless Network for Cellular Backhauling","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1787083097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2015.2432518","mag":"1787083097"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2015.2432518","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2015.2432518","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-121428","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101608174","display_name":"Yuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0477-0806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN","SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","Dept. of Electr. & Inf. Technol., Lund Univ., Lund, , Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Inf. Technol., Lund Univ., Lund, , Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084740578","display_name":"\u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03c0\u03ac\u03c2","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4416-7702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaos Pappas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Science and Technology, Link\u00f6ping University, Norrk\u00f6ping, Sweden","Department of Science and Technology, Link\u00f6ping University, Norrkoping, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Science and Technology, Link\u00f6ping University, Norrk\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Science and Technology, Link\u00f6ping University, Norrkoping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008728205","display_name":"Vangelis Angelakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0351-9134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vangelis Angelakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Science and Technology, Link\u00f6ping University, Norrk\u00f6ping, Sweden","Department of Science and Technology, Link\u00f6ping University, Norrkoping, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Science and Technology, Link\u00f6ping University, Norrk\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Science and Technology, Link\u00f6ping University, Norrkoping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081391892","display_name":"Micha\u0142 Pi\u00f3ro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9347-9764"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108403487","display_name":"Warsaw University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0xnp53","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}],"countries":["PL","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michal Pioro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Information Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden","[Inst. of Telecommun., Warsaw Univ. of Technol., Warsaw, Poland]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Information Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Inst. of Telecommun., Warsaw Univ. of Technol., Warsaw, Poland]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108403487"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100657039","display_name":"Di Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8119-5206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["SE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Di Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","Department of Science and Technology, Link\u00f6ping University, Norrkoping, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Science and Technology, Link\u00f6ping University, Norrkoping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101608174"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575","https://openalex.org/I187531555"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.2222,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96709127,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"9","first_page":"1841","last_page":"1854"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backhaul","display_name":"Backhaul (telecommunications)","score":0.8763774633407593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8349394798278809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5999862551689148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5489885210990906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5207455158233643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disjoint-sets","display_name":"Disjoint sets","score":0.513321578502655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.45857080817222595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/column-generation","display_name":"Column generation","score":0.44574958086013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.4448264241218567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.44437873363494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-programming","display_name":"Integer programming","score":0.43653595447540283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-wireless","display_name":"Optical wireless","score":0.4352302551269531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.2817111611366272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.2731406092643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1886919140815735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.1471390426158905}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103760667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798444","display_name":"Backhaul (telecommunications)","level":3,"score":0.8763774633407593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8349394798278809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5999862551689148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5489885210990906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5207455158233643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45340560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215382","display_name":"Disjoint sets","level":2,"score":0.513321578502655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.45857080817222595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168956720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3123181","display_name":"Column generation","level":2,"score":0.44574958086013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.4448264241218567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.44437873363494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56086750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592","display_name":"Integer programming","level":2,"score":0.43653595447540283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098907","display_name":"Optical wireless","level":3,"score":0.4352302551269531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.2817111611366272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2731406092643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1886919140815735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1471390426158905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2015.2432518","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2015.2432518","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.746.8451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.746.8451","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1406.2480.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:liu-121428","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-121428","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article in journal"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:c259e963-c108-4709-b767-e202de816797","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/5468573","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400536","display_name":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","host_organization_name":"Lund University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 1558-0008","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:liu-121428","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-121428","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article in journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6574391686","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IAPP","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338368","funder_display_name":"FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7868512380","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FP7-PEOPLE-2013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338368","funder_display_name":"FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7912128981","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61202482","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338409","funder_display_name":"Northwest Fisheries Science Center"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8057063953","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61303264","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338409","funder_display_name":"Northwest Fisheries Science Center"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338368","display_name":"FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338409","display_name":"Northwest Fisheries Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05r7z1k40"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47309618","https://openalex.org/W1503835506","https://openalex.org/W1508636908","https://openalex.org/W1549265641","https://openalex.org/W1682076822","https://openalex.org/W1901058300","https://openalex.org/W1966116390","https://openalex.org/W1971023354","https://openalex.org/W1976069954","https://openalex.org/W1982892759","https://openalex.org/W1986677022","https://openalex.org/W2001534290","https://openalex.org/W2011039300","https://openalex.org/W2012061245","https://openalex.org/W2019953173","https://openalex.org/W2030292445","https://openalex.org/W2031116444","https://openalex.org/W2037854750","https://openalex.org/W2052113818","https://openalex.org/W2064147513","https://openalex.org/W2065293852","https://openalex.org/W2097642145","https://openalex.org/W2097920130","https://openalex.org/W2100181015","https://openalex.org/W2109815475","https://openalex.org/W2110087288","https://openalex.org/W2110905212","https://openalex.org/W2120827491","https://openalex.org/W2125300973","https://openalex.org/W2129588702","https://openalex.org/W2136215707","https://openalex.org/W2137734857","https://openalex.org/W2138970015","https://openalex.org/W2143544124","https://openalex.org/W2144952267","https://openalex.org/W2145568361","https://openalex.org/W2145845226","https://openalex.org/W2153642588","https://openalex.org/W2158519440","https://openalex.org/W2166094284","https://openalex.org/W4211176206"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2765089333","https://openalex.org/W4297311468","https://openalex.org/W2963440157","https://openalex.org/W2898650565","https://openalex.org/W2915882743","https://openalex.org/W2883068039","https://openalex.org/W2964194703","https://openalex.org/W2297074413","https://openalex.org/W2191948661","https://openalex.org/W2951015761"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,45,51,64,78,81,139,171],"densification":[2],"of":[3,80],"nodes":[4,46],"in":[5,50,141],"cellular":[6,37,65],"networks,":[7],"free":[8],"space":[9],"optic":[10],"(FSO)":[11],"connections":[12],"are":[13],"becoming":[14],"an":[15,98],"appealing":[16],"low":[17],"cost":[18,174],"and":[19,25,74,93,164,175],"high":[20,146],"rate":[21],"alternative":[22],"to":[23,62,101,113,133,153],"copper":[24],"fiber":[26],"backhaul":[27,66,117],"solutions":[28],"for":[29,40,167],"wireless":[30],"communication":[31],"systems.":[32],"To":[33],"ensure":[34],"a":[35,59,107,129,134,142],"reliable":[36],"backhaul,":[38],"provisions":[39],"redundant":[41],"disjoint":[42],"paths":[43,121],"between":[44,173],"must":[47],"be":[48],"made":[49],"design":[52],"phase.":[53],"This":[54],"paper":[55],"aims":[56],"at":[57],"finding":[58],"cost-effective":[60],"solution":[61],"upgrade":[63],"with":[67,170],"pre-deployed":[68],"optical":[69],"fibers":[70],"using":[71],"FSO":[72,82,116],"links":[73,83],"mirror":[75],"components.":[76],"Since":[77],"quality":[79],"depends":[84],"on":[85],"several":[86],"factors,":[87],"such":[88],"as":[89],"transmission":[90],"distance,":[91],"power,":[92],"weather":[94],"conditions,":[95],"we":[96,127],"adopt":[97],"elaborate":[99],"formulation":[100],"calculate":[102],"link":[103],"reliability.":[104,176],"We":[105,149],"present":[106],"novel":[108],"integer":[109],"linear":[110],"programming":[111],"model":[112],"approach":[114],"optimal":[115,160],"design,":[118],"guaranteeing":[119],"$K$-disjoint":[120],"connecting":[122],"each":[123],"node":[124],"pair.":[125],"Next,":[126],"derive":[128],"column":[130],"generation":[131],"method":[132,140],"path-oriented":[135],"mathematical":[136],"formulation.":[137],"Applying":[138],"sequential":[143],"manner":[144],"enables":[145],"computational":[147],"scalability.":[148],"use":[150],"realistic":[151],"scenarios":[152],"demonstrate":[154],"that":[155],"our":[156],"approaches":[157],"efficiently":[158],"provide":[159],"or":[161],"near-optimal":[162],"solutions,":[163],"thereby":[165],"allow":[166],"accurately":[168],"dealing":[169],"trade-off":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
