{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015020153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2014.2332107","title":"Empirical Characterization, Modeling, and Analysis of Smart Meter Data","display_name":"Empirical Characterization, Modeling, and Analysis of Smart Meter Data","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015020153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2014.2332107","mag":"2015020153"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2014.2332107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2014.2332107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043080680","display_name":"Sean Barker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3844-7687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sean Barker","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","University Of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021132921","display_name":"Sandeep Kalra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandeep Kalra","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","University Of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114008117","display_name":"David E. Irwin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Irwin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","University Of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032939724","display_name":"Prashant Shenoy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5435-1901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prashant Shenoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","University Of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043080680"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5539,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90445242,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"7","first_page":"1312","last_page":"1327"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11052","display_name":"Energy Load and Power Forecasting","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9682000279426575,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-meter","display_name":"Smart meter","score":0.8792861104011536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8024202585220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.712374210357666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-meter","display_name":"Electricity meter","score":0.5990018844604492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.5587236881256104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.5571305751800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-modelling","display_name":"Empirical modelling","score":0.4968548119068146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-load","display_name":"Electrical load","score":0.49114200472831726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.48026514053344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4425433278083801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power","display_name":"Electric power","score":0.4106020927429199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.34007179737091064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3395867943763733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.2391439974308014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.15511998534202576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08813419938087463}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779510800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1630602","display_name":"Smart meter","level":3,"score":0.8792861104011536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8024202585220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.712374210357666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67172668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622756","display_name":"Electricity meter","level":3,"score":0.5990018844604492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.5587236881256104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.5571305751800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133199616","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25386885","display_name":"Empirical modelling","level":2,"score":0.4968548119068146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77715397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931447","display_name":"Electrical load","level":3,"score":0.49114200472831726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.48026514053344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4425433278083801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40293303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27137","display_name":"Electric power","level":3,"score":0.4106020927429199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.34007179737091064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3395867943763733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.2391439974308014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.15511998534202576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08813419938087463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2014.2332107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2014.2332107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.702.9496","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.702.9496","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://www.bowdoin.edu/%7Esbarker/research/pdf/jsac14-model.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969541079","https://openalex.org/W1991133427","https://openalex.org/W2007361964","https://openalex.org/W2023346859","https://openalex.org/W2024898022","https://openalex.org/W2032924581","https://openalex.org/W2038619526","https://openalex.org/W2043279449","https://openalex.org/W2069872789","https://openalex.org/W2080071438","https://openalex.org/W2100421988","https://openalex.org/W2131353345","https://openalex.org/W2139658427","https://openalex.org/W2142384583","https://openalex.org/W2151729265","https://openalex.org/W2154224206","https://openalex.org/W2157160574","https://openalex.org/W2163645342","https://openalex.org/W2167985623","https://openalex.org/W2169473777","https://openalex.org/W2175432564","https://openalex.org/W2255051834","https://openalex.org/W2256578114","https://openalex.org/W2910855614","https://openalex.org/W6684888087","https://openalex.org/W6936597892"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3018909029","https://openalex.org/W3205631650","https://openalex.org/W2246071452","https://openalex.org/W2775355700","https://openalex.org/W2165970106","https://openalex.org/W1985785385","https://openalex.org/W1124398682","https://openalex.org/W4316660856","https://openalex.org/W2387071565","https://openalex.org/W2052546123"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Smart":[0],"meter":[1,179,204],"deployments":[2],"are":[3,138],"spurring":[4],"renewed":[5],"interest":[6],"in":[7,37,105,202,215],"analysis":[8,20],"techniques":[9],"for":[10,18,91,157],"electricity":[11,41,189],"usage":[12,122],"data.":[13,218],"However,":[14],"an":[15,67,79],"important":[16],"prerequisite":[17],"data":[19],"is":[21,48,85,96,103],"characterizing":[22],"and":[23,53,70,99,174,198,206],"modeling":[24,92],"how":[25],"electrical":[26],"loads":[27,94,114,194],"use":[28,50,167],"power.":[29],"While":[30],"prior":[31],"work":[32],"has":[33],"made":[34],"significant":[35],"progress":[36],"deriving":[38],"insights":[39,176],"from":[40,177],"data,":[42,180],"one":[43],"issue":[44],"that":[45,95,135,166,195],"limits":[46],"accuracy":[47],"the":[49,147,209],"of":[51,112,120,187,211],"general":[52],"often":[54,60],"simplistic":[55],"load":[56,170,213],"models.":[57,132],"Prior":[58],"models":[59,137,171,214],"associate":[61],"a":[62,88,109,117],"fixed":[63],"power":[64,200,217],"level":[65],"with":[66,78],"\u201con\u201d":[68],"state":[69],"either":[71],"no":[72],"power,":[73],"or":[74],"some":[75],"minimal":[76],"amount,":[77],"\u201coff\u201d":[80],"state.":[81],"This":[82],"paper's":[83],"goal":[84],"to":[86,115,128,172],"develop":[87],"new":[89],"methodology":[90],"electric":[93],"both":[97],"simple":[98],"accurate.":[100],"Our":[101],"approach":[102],"empirical":[104,169],"nature:":[106],"we":[107,125,161],"monitor":[108],"wide":[110],"variety":[111],"common":[113,121],"distill":[116],"small":[118],"number":[119],"characteristics,":[123],"which":[124],"then":[126],"leverage":[127],"construct":[129],"accurate":[130,141],"load-specific":[131],"We":[133],"show":[134],"our":[136,168],"significantly":[139],"more":[140],"than":[142],"binary":[143],"on-off":[144],"models,":[145],"decreasing":[146],"root":[148],"mean":[149],"square":[150],"error":[151],"by":[152],"as":[153,155],"much":[154],"8\u00d7":[156],"representative":[158],"loads.":[159],"Finally,":[160],"demonstrate":[162],"three":[163],"novel":[164],"applications":[165],"analyze":[173],"derive":[175],"smart":[178,203],"including":[181],"i)":[182],"generating":[183],"device-accurate":[184],"synthetic":[185],"traces":[186],"building":[188],"usage;":[190],"ii)":[191],"filtering":[192],"out":[193],"generate":[196],"rapid":[197],"random":[199],"variations":[201],"data;":[205],"iii)":[207],"detecting":[208],"presence":[210],"specific":[212],"time-series":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
