{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982085879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2009.090924","title":"Energy-Optimal Distributed Algorithms for Minimum Spanning Trees","display_name":"Energy-Optimal Distributed Algorithms for Minimum Spanning Trees","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982085879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2009.090924","mag":"1982085879"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2009.090924","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2009.090924","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023771318","display_name":"Yongwook Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4017-9669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongwook Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084468030","display_name":"Maleq Khan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maleq Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107858741","display_name":"V. S. Anil Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4406-8483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V.S. Anil Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089574654","display_name":"Gopal Pandurangan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5833-6592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gopal Pandurangan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4515,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82629198,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"7","first_page":"1297","last_page":"1304"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-algorithm","display_name":"Distributed algorithm","score":0.764278769493103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7247270345687866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.7001194953918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spanning-tree","display_name":"Spanning tree","score":0.6079744100570679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5862064361572266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.530836284160614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.4911079406738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-spanning-tree","display_name":"Minimum spanning tree","score":0.48931261897087097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.4279506504535675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.42375609278678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.32978177070617676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.28097325563430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20695555210113525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.19587498903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.17265382409095764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.1443915069103241}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130120984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835898","display_name":"Distributed algorithm","level":2,"score":0.764278769493103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7247270345687866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.7001194953918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64331007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831672","display_name":"Spanning tree","level":2,"score":0.6079744100570679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5862064361572266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.530836284160614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.4911079406738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13743678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q240464","display_name":"Minimum spanning tree","level":2,"score":0.48931261897087097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.4279506504535675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.42375609278678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.32978177070617676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.28097325563430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20695555210113525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.19587498903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.17265382409095764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.1443915069103241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.2009.090924","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2009.090924","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.163.5466","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.163.5466","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://sites.google.com/site/gopalpandurangan/emst.pdf?attredirects=0","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.377.1783","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.377.1783","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://staff.vbi.vt.edu/maleq/papers/jsac_final.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W165171934","https://openalex.org/W1568961751","https://openalex.org/W2008979299","https://openalex.org/W2015610066","https://openalex.org/W2030982625","https://openalex.org/W2033811139","https://openalex.org/W2058191123","https://openalex.org/W2077371116","https://openalex.org/W2081959234","https://openalex.org/W2084234679","https://openalex.org/W2091422818","https://openalex.org/W2092910894","https://openalex.org/W2093606353","https://openalex.org/W2104142168","https://openalex.org/W2108102429","https://openalex.org/W2109083144","https://openalex.org/W2110173519","https://openalex.org/W2112183601","https://openalex.org/W2113233457","https://openalex.org/W2138959032","https://openalex.org/W2144369278","https://openalex.org/W2145519285","https://openalex.org/W2148570604","https://openalex.org/W2151157922","https://openalex.org/W2155730370","https://openalex.org/W2504987989","https://openalex.org/W4205300528","https://openalex.org/W4250226066","https://openalex.org/W6671559892","https://openalex.org/W6676389973","https://openalex.org/W6676882796"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2418231958","https://openalex.org/W2099915933","https://openalex.org/W4380840098","https://openalex.org/W3116169590","https://openalex.org/W1703428550","https://openalex.org/W2044443696","https://openalex.org/W2503538928","https://openalex.org/W3101281637","https://openalex.org/W8653221","https://openalex.org/W4297934114"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traditionally,":[0],"the":[1,18,25,28,31,50,74,78,89,104,109,113,122,143,164,209,215,231,241,254,271,280],"performance":[2],"of":[3,11,20,30,52,150,158,167,219,230,234,240],"distributed":[4,54,117,132,140,169,177],"algorithms":[5,141],"has":[6,62],"been":[7],"measured":[8],"in":[9,34,48,86,115,131],"terms":[10],"time":[12,90],"and":[13,67,91,134,193],"message":[14,58,92],"complexity.Message":[15],"complexity":[16,100,166,186,218,268],"concerns":[17],"number":[19],"messages":[21,110],"transmitted":[22],"over":[23,208],"all":[24],"edges":[26],"during":[27],"course":[29],"algorithm.":[32,55,118,171],"However,":[33],"energy-constrained":[35],"ad":[36],"hoc":[37],"wireless":[38],"networks":[39],"(e.g.,":[40,77],"sensor":[41],"networks),":[42],"energy":[43,99,106,165,185,217,267],"is":[44,95,205,270],"a":[45,53,57,116,128,154,227],"critical":[46],"factor":[47],"measuring":[49],"efficiency":[51],"Transmitting":[56],"between":[59,80],"two":[60,75],"nodes":[61,76,114,246,255],"an":[63,175,181,206,263,276],"associated":[64,107],"cost":[65,70],"(energy)":[66],"moreover":[68],"this":[69],"can":[71],"depend":[72],"on":[73,163,191,214],"distance":[79],"them":[81],"among":[82,112],"other":[83],"things).":[84],"Thus":[85],"addition":[87],"to":[88,97,279],"complexity,":[93],"it":[94],"important":[96],"consider":[98],"that":[101,179,245,274],"accounts":[102],"for":[103,142],"total":[105],"with":[108,184,201,265],"exchanged":[111],"This":[119,204],"paper":[120],"addresses":[121],"minimum":[123],"spanning":[124],"tree":[125],"(MST)":[126],"problem,":[127],"fundamental":[129],"problem":[130,146],"computing":[133],"communication":[135],"networks.":[136],"We":[137,152,172],"study":[138],"energy-efficient":[139],"Euclidean":[144],"MST":[145,170,183],"assuming":[147],"random":[148,236],"distribution":[149],"nodes.":[151],"show":[153],"non-trivial":[155],"lower":[156],"bound":[157,213],"<i":[159,187,194,220],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[160,188,195,221],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">\u03a9(log":[161],"n)</i>":[162,190,200],"any":[168],"then":[173,260],"give":[174,262],"energy-optimal":[176,224],"algorithm":[178,225,264],"constructs":[180],"optimal":[182],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">O(log":[189,196],"average":[192,216],"n":[197],"log":[198,199],"high":[202],"probability.":[203],"improvement":[207],"previous":[210],"best":[211,272],"known":[212],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">\u03a9(log<sup>2</sup>).":[222],"Our":[223],"exploits":[226],"novel":[228],"property":[229],"giant":[232],"component":[233],"sparse":[235],"geometric":[237,251],"graphs.":[238],"All":[239],"above":[242],"results":[243],"assume":[244],"do":[247],"not":[248],"know":[249,256],"their":[250,257],"coordinates.":[252],"If":[253],"own":[258],"coordinates,":[259],"we":[261],"<i>O(1)</i>":[266,277],"(which":[269],"possible)":[273],"gives":[275],"approximation":[278],"MST.</i>":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
