{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2084833090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.1986.1146493","title":"Design Considerations for Long-Haul Lightwave Systems","display_name":"Design Considerations for Long-Haul Lightwave Systems","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2084833090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.1986.1146493","mag":"2084833090"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.1986.1146493","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.1986.1146493","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110914600","display_name":"I. Jacobs","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"I. Jacobs","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT and T Bell Laboratories, Inc., Holmdel, NJ, USA","AT&T Bell Labs., Holmdel, NJ, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT and T Bell Laboratories, Inc., Holmdel, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Bell Labs., Holmdel, NJ, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110914600"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587","https://openalex.org/I72090969"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2532,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91293349,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"9","first_page":"1389","last_page":"1395"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9898999929428101,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9858999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upgrade","display_name":"Upgrade","score":0.7740287780761719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7676796913146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/span","display_name":"Span (engineering)","score":0.5098663568496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-design","display_name":"Systems design","score":0.474596232175827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.40967485308647156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3995985984802246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.1327551305294037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11921891570091248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09282058477401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-engineering","display_name":"Civil engineering","score":0.09089207649230957}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q920419","display_name":"Upgrade","level":2,"score":0.7740287780761719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7676796913146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778753569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1960395","display_name":"Span (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5098663568496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31352089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3750474","display_name":"Systems design","level":2,"score":0.474596232175827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.40967485308647156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3995985984802246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.1327551305294037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11921891570091248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09282058477401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.09089207649230957}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jsac.1986.1146493","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jsac.1986.1146493","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90422530","display_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","issn_l":"0733-8716","issn":["0733-8716","1558-0008"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971707502","https://openalex.org/W1978757321","https://openalex.org/W2053846572","https://openalex.org/W2063347854","https://openalex.org/W2159128281","https://openalex.org/W2161549867","https://openalex.org/W2164720135","https://openalex.org/W2165209716","https://openalex.org/W6666028293"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368672678","https://openalex.org/W2965111880","https://openalex.org/W2370626080","https://openalex.org/W2368576029","https://openalex.org/W2377210208","https://openalex.org/W116478885","https://openalex.org/W2391279445","https://openalex.org/W2390420166","https://openalex.org/W2354998446","https://openalex.org/W2378085033"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"following":[1],"design":[2,19],"considerations":[3],"for":[4],"long-haul":[5],"lightwave":[6],"systems":[7],"are":[8],"reviewed:":[9],"outage":[10],"and":[11,20,26],"error":[12],"rate":[13],"requirements,":[14],"terminal":[15],"architecture,":[16],"regenerator":[17],"span":[18],"performance":[21],"specification,":[22],"capacity":[23],"upgrade":[24],"alternatives,":[25],"broad-gauge":[27],"economic":[28],"factors.":[29]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}