{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7134987403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2026.3662513","title":"Wi-Fi: 25 Years and Counting","display_name":"Wi-Fi: 25 Years and Counting","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7134987403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2026.3662513"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2026.3662513","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2026.3662513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055972962","display_name":"Giovanni Geraci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9998-1747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094645","display_name":"Nokia (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngjbr32","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210094645"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Geraci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9998-1747","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081831626","display_name":"Francesca Meneghello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9905-0360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Meneghello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9905-0360","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110777080","display_name":"Francesc Wilhelmi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170486558","display_name":"Universitat Pompeu Fabra","ror":"https://ror.org/04n0g0b29","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesc Wilhelmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3936-535X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128726126","display_name":"David L\u00f3pez-P\u00e9rez","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David L\u00f3pez-P\u00e9rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitat Polit&#x00E8;cnica de Val&#x00E8;ncia, Valencia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1605-7418","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitat Polit&#x00E8;cnica de Val&#x00E8;ncia, Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071772644","display_name":"I\u00f1aki Val","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4373-8457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292082932","display_name":"MaxLinear (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/049kdc638","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292082932"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I\u00f1aki Val","raw_affiliation_strings":["MaxLinear Incorporated, Paterna, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4373-8457","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MaxLinear Incorporated, Paterna, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292082932"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122969879","display_name":"Lorenzo Galati Giordano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159457","display_name":"Nokia (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nh5td39","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Galati Giordano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8862-2319","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102635457","display_name":"Carlos Cordeiro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Cordeiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8806-4436","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121738009","display_name":"Monisha Ghosh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Monisha Ghosh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8985-2326","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057141682","display_name":"Edward W. Knightly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-0438"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74775410","display_name":"Rice University","ror":"https://ror.org/008zs3103","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward Knightly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rice University, Houston, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-0438","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rice University, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128753929","display_name":"Boris Bellalta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170486558","display_name":"Universitat Pompeu Fabra","ror":"https://ror.org/04n0g0b29","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boris Bellalta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7826-3703","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8024,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91859623,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"113","issue":"11","first_page":"1290","last_page":"1336"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.8970999717712402,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.8970999717712402,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.03500000014901161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.013500000350177288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardization","display_name":"Standardization","score":0.7146999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5674999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4862000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-control","display_name":"Access control","score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-sharing","display_name":"Data sharing","score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.33469998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-access","display_name":"Data access","score":0.3314000070095062}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.7146999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6718000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5674999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4862000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527821871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228502","display_name":"Access control","level":2,"score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3912999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3792000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779965156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227350","display_name":"Data sharing","level":3,"score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.33469998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47487241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227230","display_name":"Data access","level":2,"score":0.3314000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.3163999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.31200000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63029442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504978","display_name":"Spectrum management","level":4,"score":0.3109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2888000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.28369998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82578977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16773055","display_name":"Data aggregator","level":3,"score":0.27900001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020442560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4971815","display_name":"Broad spectrum","level":2,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2621000111103058}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2026.3662513","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2026.3662513","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/234632","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/234632","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400639","display_name":"RiuNet (Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","host_organization_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.825192391872406,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307798","display_name":"Nokia","ror":"https://ror.org/04pkc8m17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Today,":[0],"Wi-Fi":[1,15,132,163,196,219,240],"is":[2,65],"over":[3,126,189],"25":[4,27],"years":[5,28],"old.":[6],"Yet,":[7],"despite":[8],"sharing":[9],"the":[10,25,66,82,99,110,141,167,177,190,235,255],"same":[11],"branding":[12],"name,":[13],"today\u2019s":[14],"boasts":[16],"entirely":[17],"new":[18],"capabilities":[19,150],"that":[20,85,118],"were":[21],"not":[22],"even":[23],"on":[24,43],"roadmap":[26],"ago.":[29],"This":[30,64],"article":[31,69],"aims":[32],"to":[33,59,70,123,147,155,199,209,225,229],"provide":[34,106],"a":[35,77],"holistic":[36],"and":[37,40,50,56,95,97,114,170,206,213,232,251,254],"comprehensive":[38],"technical":[39],"historical":[41],"tutorial":[42,68],"Wi-Fi,":[44],"beginning":[45],"with":[46],"Institute":[47],"of":[48,109,180,257],"Electrical":[49],"Electronics":[51],"Engineers":[52],"802.11b":[53],"(Wi-Fi":[54,62],"1)":[55],"looking":[57],"forward":[58],"IEEE":[60,100],"802.11bn":[61],"8).":[63],"first":[67,165],"span":[71],"these":[72],"eight":[73],"generations.":[74,191],"Rather":[75],"than":[76],"generation-by-generation":[78],"exposition,":[79],"we":[80,105,129,160,184,193,216,237],"describe":[81,115,130,161,185,217],"key":[83,116],"mechanisms":[84,188],"have":[86,119],"advanced":[87],"Wi-Fi.":[88],"We":[89],"begin":[90],"by":[91,125],"discussing":[92],"spectrum":[93,157,202],"allocation":[94],"coexistence,":[96],"detailing":[98],"802.11":[101],"standardization":[102],"cycle.":[103],"Second,":[104],"an":[107],"overview":[108],"physical":[111],"layer":[112],"(PHY)":[113],"elements":[117],"enabled":[120],"data":[121],"rates":[122],"increase":[124],"1000\u00d7.":[127],"Third,":[128],"how":[131,162,195,218],"medium":[133],"access":[134,222],"control":[135],"(MAC)":[136],"has":[137],"been":[138],"enhanced":[139,198],"from":[140,152],"original":[142],"distributed":[143],"coordination":[144],"function":[145],"(DCF)":[146],"now":[148],"include":[149],"spanning":[151],"frame":[153],"aggregation":[154],"wideband":[156],"access.":[158,174],"Fourth,":[159],"5":[164],"broke":[166],"one-user-at-a-time":[168],"paradigm":[169],"introduced":[171],"multi-user":[172],"(MU)":[173],"Fifth,":[175],"given":[176],"increasing":[178],"use":[179],"mobile,":[181],"battery-powered":[182],"devices,":[183],"Wi-Fi\u2019s":[186],"energy-saving":[187],"Sixth,":[192],"discuss":[194,239],"was":[197],"seamlessly":[200],"aggregate":[201],"across":[203],"2.4-,":[204],"5-,":[205],"6-GHz":[207],"bands":[208],"improve":[210,230],"throughput,":[211],"reliability,":[212],"latency.":[214],"Finally,":[215],"enables":[220],"nearby":[221],"points":[223],"(APs)":[224],"coordinate":[226],"in":[227],"order":[228],"performance":[231],"efficiency.":[233],"In":[234],"Appendix,":[236],"further":[238],"developments":[241],"beyond":[242],"802.11bn,":[243],"including":[244],"integrated":[245],"millimeter-wave":[246],"(IMMW)":[247],"operations,":[248],"sensing,":[249],"security":[250],"privacy":[252],"extensions,":[253],"adoption":[256],"artificial":[258],"intelligence":[259],"(AI)/machine":[260],"learning":[261],"(ML).":[262]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2026-03-12T00:00:00"}
