{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7116743250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2025.3642972","title":"A Survey on Stream-Based Architectures: From Accelerators to CPUs","display_name":"A Survey on Stream-Based Architectures: From Accelerators to CPUs","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7116743250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2025.3642972"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2025.3642972","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2025.3642972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120996601","display_name":"Lu\u00eds Crespo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121345201","display_name":"Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento","ror":"https://ror.org/04mqy3p58","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121345201","https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125590","display_name":"Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers","ror":"https://ror.org/033wn8m60","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu\u00eds Crespo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores R&D (INESC-ID) and the Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1116-8859","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores R&D (INESC-ID) and the Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121345201","https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120992685","display_name":"Nuno Neves","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121345201","display_name":"Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento","ror":"https://ror.org/04mqy3p58","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121345201","https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125590","display_name":"Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers","ror":"https://ror.org/033wn8m60","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuno Neves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores R&D (INESC-ID) and the Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0628-2259","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores R&D (INESC-ID) and the Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121345201","https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120954573","display_name":"Pedro Tom\u00e1s","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121345201","display_name":"Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento","ror":"https://ror.org/04mqy3p58","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121345201","https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125590","display_name":"Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers","ror":"https://ror.org/033wn8m60","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Tom\u00e1s","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores R&D (INESC-ID) and the Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8083-4432","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores R&D (INESC-ID) and the Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121345201","https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015710714","display_name":"Nuno Roma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2491-4977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121345201","display_name":"Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento","ror":"https://ror.org/04mqy3p58","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121345201","https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125590","display_name":"Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers","ror":"https://ror.org/033wn8m60","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuno Roma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores R&D (INESC-ID) and the Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2491-4977","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores R&D (INESC-ID) and the Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121345201","https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.377,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85733114,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"113","issue":"8","first_page":"713","last_page":"751"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.7310000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.7310000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.07829999923706055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.051600001752376556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5365999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5060999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracing","display_name":"Tracing","score":0.45399999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streaming-data","display_name":"Streaming data","score":0.43810001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4250999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.37070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-research","display_name":"Open research","score":0.36419999599456787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7577000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5365999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5060999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.45399999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777611316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39045282","display_name":"Streaming data","level":2,"score":0.43810001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4250999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.41760000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4052000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.37070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778464652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309849","display_name":"Open research","level":2,"score":0.36419999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.34439998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154240960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2860294","display_name":"Database-centric architecture","level":5,"score":0.3050999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2831999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98025372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477538","display_name":"Systems architecture","level":3,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138827492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6661985","display_name":"Data processing","level":2,"score":0.2648000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138958017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190087","display_name":"Data type","level":2,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2025.3642972","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2025.3642972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9010173082351685}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":159,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W12803156","https://openalex.org/W755906292","https://openalex.org/W1482387194","https://openalex.org/W1503523422","https://openalex.org/W1530827531","https://openalex.org/W1581708820","https://openalex.org/W1641670059","https://openalex.org/W1864199185","https://openalex.org/W1964471912","https://openalex.org/W1969529818","https://openalex.org/W1969767362","https://openalex.org/W1981943579","https://openalex.org/W1985210871","https://openalex.org/W1986470696","https://openalex.org/W1998644982","https://openalex.org/W1999085092","https://openalex.org/W2007712750","https://openalex.org/W2011316624","https://openalex.org/W2012114780","https://openalex.org/W2025787141","https://openalex.org/W2034147186","https://openalex.org/W2035924020","https://openalex.org/W2045431893","https://openalex.org/W2048793727","https://openalex.org/W2049890071","https://openalex.org/W2050510749","https://openalex.org/W2051345428","https://openalex.org/W2058234234","https://openalex.org/W2070092388","https://openalex.org/W2072480015","https://openalex.org/W2080285119","https://openalex.org/W2080592089","https://openalex.org/W2086980357","https://openalex.org/W2091338501","https://openalex.org/W2097561580","https://openalex.org/W2117489143","https://openalex.org/W2120961842","https://openalex.org/W2123608323","https://openalex.org/W2126810113","https://openalex.org/W2130187411","https://openalex.org/W2142252451","https://openalex.org/W2142799655","https://openalex.org/W2144481293","https://openalex.org/W2147193503","https://openalex.org/W2147657366","https://openalex.org/W2150143212","https://openalex.org/W2153798176","https://openalex.org/W2154790323","https://openalex.org/W2156538167","https://openalex.org/W2159182073","https://openalex.org/W2159448567","https://openalex.org/W2165384099","https://openalex.org/W2168307289","https://openalex.org/W2168732909","https://openalex.org/W2172307690","https://openalex.org/W2234355962","https://openalex.org/W2259879138","https://openalex.org/W2289252105","https://openalex.org/W2289271301","https://openalex.org/W2293640271","https://openalex.org/W2310426546","https://openalex.org/W2329976284","https://openalex.org/W2345737886","https://openalex.org/W2513554817","https://openalex.org/W2513721464","https://openalex.org/W2516141709","https://openalex.org/W2540279855","https://openalex.org/W2542426564","https://openalex.org/W2544732887","https://openalex.org/W2594960649","https://openalex.org/W2606722458","https://openalex.org/W2613264175","https://openalex.org/W2613569094","https://openalex.org/W2613993827","https://openalex.org/W2618233295","https://openalex.org/W2626211758","https://openalex.org/W2626953429","https://openalex.org/W2731158738","https://openalex.org/W2763302904","https://openalex.org/W2883847355","https://openalex.org/W2883929540","https://openalex.org/W2888727064","https://openalex.org/W2897706246","https://openalex.org/W2899324948","https://openalex.org/W2912012512","https://openalex.org/W2914252251","https://openalex.org/W2922398414","https://openalex.org/W2930718998","https://openalex.org/W2935576241","https://openalex.org/W2936567838","https://openalex.org/W2941442404","https://openalex.org/W2943297464","https://openalex.org/W2945146780","https://openalex.org/W2945716691","https://openalex.org/W2947855954","https://openalex.org/W2962903741","https://openalex.org/W2963255460","https://openalex.org/W2963566954","https://openalex.org/W2963577671","https://openalex.org/W2963594949","https://openalex.org/W2966905773","https://openalex.org/W2970545431","https://openalex.org/W2980270412","https://openalex.org/W2980612421","https://openalex.org/W2982008795","https://openalex.org/W2999537838","https://openalex.org/W3012303953","https://openalex.org/W3013692244","https://openalex.org/W3015998244","https://openalex.org/W3016220765","https://openalex.org/W3016309475","https://openalex.org/W3016832937","https://openalex.org/W3021821229","https://openalex.org/W3033308515","https://openalex.org/W3043023836","https://openalex.org/W3046615721","https://openalex.org/W3090369187","https://openalex.org/W3103168911","https://openalex.org/W3112773671","https://openalex.org/W3122286897","https://openalex.org/W3150538041","https://openalex.org/W3152508978","https://openalex.org/W3155329745","https://openalex.org/W3157391606","https://openalex.org/W3188321821","https://openalex.org/W3190062760","https://openalex.org/W3191906639","https://openalex.org/W3192225725","https://openalex.org/W3198277378","https://openalex.org/W3205717712","https://openalex.org/W3213528054","https://openalex.org/W3217269360","https://openalex.org/W4214718338","https://openalex.org/W4214725219","https://openalex.org/W4231131543","https://openalex.org/W4241140669","https://openalex.org/W4241439505","https://openalex.org/W4249322926","https://openalex.org/W4249758101","https://openalex.org/W4249968602","https://openalex.org/W4253740569","https://openalex.org/W4280590405","https://openalex.org/W4281823623","https://openalex.org/W4282032811","https://openalex.org/W4285049632","https://openalex.org/W4285143823","https://openalex.org/W4285152481","https://openalex.org/W4285207478","https://openalex.org/W4292169167","https://openalex.org/W4293149165","https://openalex.org/W4293254947","https://openalex.org/W4297676683","https://openalex.org/W4318540786","https://openalex.org/W4327930430","https://openalex.org/W4376123125","https://openalex.org/W4381050415","https://openalex.org/W4388469806","https://openalex.org/W4399801274","https://openalex.org/W4409248680"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,15],"the":[1,47,58,64,104,145,151],"past":[2,152],"few":[3,153],"years,":[4,154],"there":[5],"has":[6,62],"been":[7,27,63],"a":[8,39,112,140,167],"renewed":[9],"effort":[10],"to":[11,17,93,121],"advance":[12],"general-purpose":[13,78],"architectures.":[14,193],"particular,":[16],"deliver":[18],"performance":[19],"and":[20,43,117,136,160,175,185],"energy":[21],"efficiency":[22],"advantages,":[23],"several":[24],"techniques":[25],"have":[26,45],"applied":[28],"based":[29],"on":[30],"new":[31],"forms":[32],"of":[33,57,66,107,132,144],"specialization":[34,135],"while":[35],"maintaining":[36],"usability.":[37],"As":[38],"result,":[40],"data":[41,67,125,133],"movement":[42],"communication":[44],"become":[46],"primary":[48],"bottlenecks":[49],"in":[50,74,97,150,191],"computer":[51],"systems.":[52],"To":[53],"overcome":[54],"this,":[55],"one":[56],"most":[59,146],"recent":[60,95],"breakthroughs":[61],"introduction":[65],"streaming":[68,161],"mechanisms,":[69],"just":[70],"like":[71],"those":[72],"used":[73],"accelerators,":[75],"into":[76],"modern":[77],"processors":[79],"(GPPs).":[80],"This":[81,99],"article":[82],"comprehensively":[83],"reviews":[84],"stream-based":[85,192],"architectures,":[86],"tracing":[87],"their":[88,94,172],"development":[89],"from":[90,139],"accelerator":[91],"solutions":[92],"adoption":[96],"GPPs.":[98],"survey":[100],"starts":[101],"by":[102,111,166],"introducing":[103],"fundamental":[105],"principles":[106],"stream":[108,134],"specialization,":[109],"followed":[110,165],"taxonomy":[113],"for":[114,188],"memory":[115],"accesses,":[116],"formal":[118],"mathematical":[119],"models":[120],"represent":[122],"them":[123,138],"as":[124],"streams.":[126],"Then,":[127,179],"it":[128],"categorizes":[129],"different":[130],"topologies":[131],"examines":[137],"compiler\u2019s":[141],"perspective.":[142],"Some":[143],"representative":[147],"architectures":[148],"proposed":[149],"including":[155],"instruction":[156],"set":[157],"architecture":[158],"(ISA)":[159],"engines,":[162],"are":[163],"described,":[164],"comparative":[168],"analysis":[169],"that":[170],"highlights":[171],"key":[173],"features":[174],"presents":[176],"quantitative":[177],"evaluations.":[178],"we":[180],"discuss":[181],"some":[182],"open":[183],"challenges":[184],"suggest":[186],"directions":[187],"future":[189],"research":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-01-11T23:08:45.486102","created_date":"2025-12-22T00:00:00"}