{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399601919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2024.3404491","title":"RIS-Aided Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems for 6G: Fundamentals, System Design, and Applications","display_name":"RIS-Aided Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems for 6G: Fundamentals, System Design, and Applications","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399601919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2024.3404491"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2024.3404491","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2024.3404491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033270201","display_name":"Enyu Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9971-6066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enyu Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9971-6066","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100612301","display_name":"Jiayi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2434-4329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiayi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2434-4329","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068782412","display_name":"Hongyang Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8220-6525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyang Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8220-6525","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100620739","display_name":"Bo Ai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6850-0595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Ai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6850-0595","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060020877","display_name":"Chau Yuen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-2120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chau Yuen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-2120","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091266202","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079052203","display_name":"Khaled B. Letaief","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2519-6401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khaled B. Letaief","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2519-6401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100773343","display_name":"Xuemin Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4140-287X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuemin Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4140-287X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":22.5853,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":177,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99862745,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"112","issue":"4","first_page":"331","last_page":"364"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.4909539520740509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4887218475341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.35265886783599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.3221566677093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27921101450920105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1379833221435547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.4909539520740509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4887218475341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.35265886783599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3221566677093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27921101450920105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1379833221435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2024.3404491","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2024.3404491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-140057","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-140057","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hub.hku.hk:10722/353191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hub.hku.hk/handle/10722/353191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196271","display_name":"The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","host_organization_name":"University of Hong Kong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":252,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518945650","https://openalex.org/W1984114931","https://openalex.org/W2053521124","https://openalex.org/W2141682101","https://openalex.org/W2286275639","https://openalex.org/W2327622231","https://openalex.org/W2605945764","https://openalex.org/W2610350904","https://openalex.org/W2768896494","https://openalex.org/W2770606349","https://openalex.org/W2805161269","https://openalex.org/W2809517472","https://openalex.org/W2886374543","https://openalex.org/W2898035736","https://openalex.org/W2922989912","https://openalex.org/W2943682041","https://openalex.org/W2953984813","https://openalex.org/W2960189638","https://openalex.org/W2962123958","https://openalex.org/W2962804513","https://openalex.org/W2963504849","https://openalex.org/W2963684294","https://openalex.org/W2964005248","https://openalex.org/W2964042011","https://openalex.org/W2964050245","https://openalex.org/W2965123227","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2969768389","https://openalex.org/W2971055251","https://openalex.org/W2974046131","https://openalex.org/W2984937369","https://openalex.org/W2985994751","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W2995330189","https://openalex.org/W2997019937","https://openalex.org/W3000950478","https://openalex.org/W3001977108","https://openalex.org/W3004382263","https://openalex.org/W3005072086","https://openalex.org/W3007918497","https://openalex.org/W3011830499","https://openalex.org/W3013990707","https://openalex.org/W3022601977","https://openalex.org/W3022803879","https://openalex.org/W3034448035","https://openalex.org/W3035697904","https://openalex.org/W3038104762","https://openalex.org/W3039424145","https://openalex.org/W3044817033","https://openalex.org/W3080469715","https://openalex.org/W3080932450","https://openalex.org/W3081215475","https://openalex.org/W3082876858","https://openalex.org/W3084194173","https://openalex.org/W3084857938","https://openalex.org/W3091752016","https://openalex.org/W3099345048","https://openalex.org/W3099679786","https://openalex.org/W3100544904","https://openalex.org/W3103057226","https://openalex.org/W3104300639","https://openalex.org/W3104556221","https://openalex.org/W3109058644","https://openalex.org/W3112337571","https://openalex.org/W3113871758","https://openalex.org/W3116340568","https://openalex.org/W3117633996","https://openalex.org/W3118666507","https://openalex.org/W3120097581","https://openalex.org/W3121470477","https://openalex.org/W3125788208","https://openalex.org/W3126789634","https://openalex.org/W3130099654","https://openalex.org/W3131576588","https://openalex.org/W3133817254","https://openalex.org/W3135725526","https://openalex.org/W3137570378","https://openalex.org/W3138193098","https://openalex.org/W3138390402","https://openalex.org/W3152961272","https://openalex.org/W3157842774","https://openalex.org/W3158743991","https://openalex.org/W3158832185","https://openalex.org/W3158898476","https://openalex.org/W3159402647","https://openalex.org/W3164896102","https://openalex.org/W3165049792","https://openalex.org/W3165448662","https://openalex.org/W3167603521","https://openalex.org/W3169548345","https://openalex.org/W3169591209","https://openalex.org/W3173773192","https://openalex.org/W3179825402","https://openalex.org/W3180206688","https://openalex.org/W3180325737","https://openalex.org/W3182769925","https://openalex.org/W3186940580","https://openalex.org/W3188358066","https://openalex.org/W3193745398","https://openalex.org/W3194620979","https://openalex.org/W3197427876","https://openalex.org/W3198139956","https://openalex.org/W3198695922","https://openalex.org/W3199088816","https://openalex.org/W3199783970","https://openalex.org/W3199884432","https://openalex.org/W3200312993","https://openalex.org/W3201758153","https://openalex.org/W3204319232","https://openalex.org/W3205217150","https://openalex.org/W3205260830","https://openalex.org/W3208651457","https://openalex.org/W3209298344","https://openalex.org/W3211603507","https://openalex.org/W3212812426","https://openalex.org/W3213070675","https://openalex.org/W3214473185","https://openalex.org/W3215644076","https://openalex.org/W3216949739","https://openalex.org/W4205091231","https://openalex.org/W4206448830","https://openalex.org/W4207046773","https://openalex.org/W4210261652","https://openalex.org/W4210389341","https://openalex.org/W4210794834","https://openalex.org/W4211195223","https://openalex.org/W4212913394","https://openalex.org/W4214497476","https://openalex.org/W4214923099","https://openalex.org/W4220760656","https://openalex.org/W4221057152","https://openalex.org/W4221160259","https://openalex.org/W4225567762","https://openalex.org/W4226019069","https://openalex.org/W4226108498","https://openalex.org/W4226227715","https://openalex.org/W4226270180","https://openalex.org/W4226370247","https://openalex.org/W4280490598","https://openalex.org/W4280593317","https://openalex.org/W4283370340","https://openalex.org/W4285108354","https://openalex.org/W4285118548","https://openalex.org/W4285121037","https://openalex.org/W4285238857","https://openalex.org/W4285307882","https://openalex.org/W4286304080","https://openalex.org/W4288388731","https://openalex.org/W4288803942","https://openalex.org/W4289535596","https://openalex.org/W4289537926","https://openalex.org/W4289656863","https://openalex.org/W4290714072","https://openalex.org/W4290996501","https://openalex.org/W4291221950","https://openalex.org/W4292387509","https://openalex.org/W4292826030","https://openalex.org/W4293095156","https://openalex.org/W4294891500","https://openalex.org/W4296212156","https://openalex.org/W4296915796","https://openalex.org/W4297310239","https://openalex.org/W4298368989","https://openalex.org/W4301858997","https://openalex.org/W4308014825","https://openalex.org/W4308793488","https://openalex.org/W4308829372","https://openalex.org/W4309270086","https://openalex.org/W4309997717","https://openalex.org/W4312233343","https://openalex.org/W4312415321","https://openalex.org/W4312563363","https://openalex.org/W4312635396","https://openalex.org/W4312647956","https://openalex.org/W4312688996","https://openalex.org/W4312736984","https://openalex.org/W4312755469","https://openalex.org/W4312766166","https://openalex.org/W4312927958","https://openalex.org/W4313001863","https://openalex.org/W4313037712","https://openalex.org/W4313169670","https://openalex.org/W4313555177","https://openalex.org/W4313590993","https://openalex.org/W4313892825","https://openalex.org/W4315629704","https://openalex.org/W4315777412","https://openalex.org/W4315783232","https://openalex.org/W4315783239","https://openalex.org/W4315783255","https://openalex.org/W4316660886","https://openalex.org/W4317940362","https://openalex.org/W4318351195","https://openalex.org/W4318586126","https://openalex.org/W4318586278","https://openalex.org/W4318953566","https://openalex.org/W4320712982","https://openalex.org/W4321490517","https://openalex.org/W4323022424","https://openalex.org/W4323065908","https://openalex.org/W4353004291","https://openalex.org/W4361858306","https://openalex.org/W4364322798","https://openalex.org/W4365790250","https://openalex.org/W4366779578","https://openalex.org/W4375798915","https://openalex.org/W4377079822","https://openalex.org/W4377231518","https://openalex.org/W4377971604","https://openalex.org/W4379382423","https://openalex.org/W4379539493","https://openalex.org/W4380635216","https://openalex.org/W4381327854","https://openalex.org/W4381733224","https://openalex.org/W4381735906","https://openalex.org/W4381785979","https://openalex.org/W4382119085","https://openalex.org/W4382317677","https://openalex.org/W4382998652","https://openalex.org/W4383199388","https://openalex.org/W4384158405","https://openalex.org/W4384788013","https://openalex.org/W4385061575","https://openalex.org/W4385627407","https://openalex.org/W4386231167","https://openalex.org/W4386275850","https://openalex.org/W4386917299","https://openalex.org/W4387490198","https://openalex.org/W4388692095","https://openalex.org/W4388692603","https://openalex.org/W4388895085","https://openalex.org/W4389799491","https://openalex.org/W4390481317","https://openalex.org/W4390496060","https://openalex.org/W4390659127","https://openalex.org/W4390659130","https://openalex.org/W4391019625","https://openalex.org/W4391547801","https://openalex.org/W4392174038","https://openalex.org/W4392910575","https://openalex.org/W4393184779","https://openalex.org/W4396817538","https://openalex.org/W6800005587","https://openalex.org/W6810863029","https://openalex.org/W6840550176","https://openalex.org/W6845792948","https://openalex.org/W6846859346","https://openalex.org/W6848023515","https://openalex.org/W6849584899","https://openalex.org/W6853403274","https://openalex.org/W6856452101","https://openalex.org/W6865838904"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"introduction":[1],"of":[2,89,170],"intelligent":[3,41,46],"interconnectivity":[4],"for":[5,16,54,219],"people":[6],"and":[7,13,25,31,39,78,107,112,124,130,154,163,184,194,200,208],"things":[8],"has":[9,74],"posed":[10],"higher":[11],"demands":[12],"more":[14],"challenges":[15,137],"sixth-generation":[17],"(6G)":[18],"networks,":[19],"such":[20,149,189],"as":[21,150,190],"high":[22],"spectral":[23],"efficiency":[24,27],"energy":[26],"(EE),":[28],"ultralow":[29],"latency,":[30],"ultrahigh":[32],"reliability.":[33],"Cell-free":[34],"(CF)":[35],"massive":[36],"multiple-input-multiple-output":[37],"(mMIMO)":[38],"reconfigurable":[40],"surface":[42,48],"(RIS),":[43],"also":[44],"called":[45],"reflecting":[47],"(IRS),":[49],"are":[50],"two":[51,66],"promising":[52],"technologies":[53,67],"coping":[55],"with":[56],"these":[57],"unprecedented":[58],"demands.":[59],"Given":[60],"their":[61],"distinct":[62],"capabilities,":[63],"integrating":[64],"the":[65,118,160,168],"to":[68,165],"further":[69,166],"enhance":[70],"wireless":[71,95,198],"network":[72],"performances":[73],"received":[75],"great":[76],"research":[77,90,217],"development":[79],"attention.":[80],"In":[81],"this":[82],"article,":[83],"we":[84,116,134,176,214],"provide":[85],"a":[86],"comprehensive":[87],"survey":[88],"on":[91,104,121],"RIS-aided":[92,140,171,181,221],"CF":[93,141,172,182,222],"mMIMO":[94,142,173,183,223],"communication":[96,113],"systems.":[97,174,224],"We":[98,158],"first":[99],"introduce":[100],"system":[101,105,122],"models":[102],"focusing":[103],"architecture":[106],"application":[108],"scenarios,":[109],"channel":[110],"models,":[111],"protocols.":[114],"Subsequently,":[115],"summarize":[117,159],"relevant":[119],"studies":[120],"operation":[123],"resource":[125],"allocation,":[126],"providing":[127],"in-depth":[128],"analyses":[129,162],"discussions.":[131],"Following":[132],"this,":[133],"present":[135],"practical":[136],"faced":[138],"by":[139,147],"systems,":[143],"particularly":[144],"those":[145],"introduced":[146],"RIS,":[148],"hardware":[151],"impairments":[152],"(HIs)":[153],"electromagnetic":[155],"interference":[156],"(EMI).":[157],"corresponding":[161],"solutions":[164],"facilitate":[167],"implementation":[169],"Furthermore,":[175],"explore":[177],"an":[178],"interplay":[179],"between":[180],"other":[185],"emerging":[186],"6G":[187],"technologies,":[188],"millimeter":[191],"wave":[192],"(mmWave)":[193],"terahertz":[195],"(THz),":[196],"simultaneous":[197],"information":[199],"power":[201],"transfer":[202],"(SWIPT),":[203],"next-generation":[204],"multiple":[205],"access":[206],"(NGMA),":[207],"unmanned":[209],"aerial":[210],"vehicle":[211],"(UAV).":[212],"Finally,":[213],"outline":[215],"several":[216],"directions":[218],"future":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":105},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":42}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}