{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2917103012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2019.2894817","title":"Scalable 360\u00b0 Video Stream Delivery: Challenges, Solutions, and Opportunities","display_name":"Scalable 360\u00b0 Video Stream Delivery: Challenges, Solutions, and Opportunities","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2917103012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2019.2894817","mag":"2917103012"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2019.2894817","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2019.2894817","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085746671","display_name":"Michael Zink","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0309-9240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Zink","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037538509","display_name":"Ramesh K. Sitaraman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0558-6875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177605424","display_name":"Amherst College","ror":"https://ror.org/028vqfs63","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177605424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramesh Sitaraman","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177605424","https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074224097","display_name":"Klara Nahrstedt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6813-3043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Klara Nahrstedt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085746671"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.1515,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":132,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97625991,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"107","issue":"4","first_page":"639","last_page":"650"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8055770397186279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.6822409629821777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5524889826774597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popularity","display_name":"Popularity","score":0.5435024499893188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-processing","display_name":"Video processing","score":0.4888133704662323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-game","display_name":"Video game","score":0.458598256111145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/augmented-reality","display_name":"Augmented reality","score":0.45195335149765015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-tracking","display_name":"Video tracking","score":0.43419933319091797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4265478551387787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-editing","display_name":"Video editing","score":0.4106983542442322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.24935531616210938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.13545170426368713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08726963400840759}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8055770397186279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.6822409629821777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5524889826774597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.5435024499893188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65483669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3536669","display_name":"Video processing","level":2,"score":0.4888133704662323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018412434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7889","display_name":"Video game","level":2,"score":0.458598256111145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153715457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254183","display_name":"Augmented reality","level":2,"score":0.45195335149765015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.43419933319091797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4265478551387787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780310081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154312","display_name":"Video editing","level":2,"score":0.4106983542442322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.24935531616210938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.13545170426368713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08726963400840759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2019.2894817","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2019.2894817","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4072858779","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1763617","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8290832992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1413998","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498111758","https://openalex.org/W1525018799","https://openalex.org/W1537399482","https://openalex.org/W1560273980","https://openalex.org/W1597460884","https://openalex.org/W1801713076","https://openalex.org/W1964859752","https://openalex.org/W1974561310","https://openalex.org/W1976986662","https://openalex.org/W1986570368","https://openalex.org/W1993721485","https://openalex.org/W2019908253","https://openalex.org/W2038053759","https://openalex.org/W2038818196","https://openalex.org/W2040064936","https://openalex.org/W2041823005","https://openalex.org/W2044780953","https://openalex.org/W2054794199","https://openalex.org/W2060255888","https://openalex.org/W2065554907","https://openalex.org/W2068277723","https://openalex.org/W2069853034","https://openalex.org/W2087680776","https://openalex.org/W2092215189","https://openalex.org/W2096287237","https://openalex.org/W2106186348","https://openalex.org/W2107899028","https://openalex.org/W2110403111","https://openalex.org/W2111381911","https://openalex.org/W2118268795","https://openalex.org/W2118573764","https://openalex.org/W2119276484","https://openalex.org/W2119565742","https://openalex.org/W2119738171","https://openalex.org/W2122594606","https://openalex.org/W2127034683","https://openalex.org/W2137065834","https://openalex.org/W2140199336","https://openalex.org/W2141301189","https://openalex.org/W2146395539","https://openalex.org/W2147657151","https://openalex.org/W2163904290","https://openalex.org/W2279343034","https://openalex.org/W2290584651","https://openalex.org/W2295270132","https://openalex.org/W2311926260","https://openalex.org/W2404632246","https://openalex.org/W2469350120","https://openalex.org/W2523094016","https://openalex.org/W2523974527","https://openalex.org/W2527384707","https://openalex.org/W2529231049","https://openalex.org/W2561291267","https://openalex.org/W2562836045","https://openalex.org/W2566053671","https://openalex.org/W2578414290","https://openalex.org/W2592367803","https://openalex.org/W2604724011","https://openalex.org/W2609797039","https://openalex.org/W2620871200","https://openalex.org/W2622637199","https://openalex.org/W2623027537","https://openalex.org/W2623181870","https://openalex.org/W2623784065","https://openalex.org/W2725312916","https://openalex.org/W2726908435","https://openalex.org/W2732362975","https://openalex.org/W2732751818","https://openalex.org/W2744660073","https://openalex.org/W2766324256","https://openalex.org/W2790362439","https://openalex.org/W2794185600","https://openalex.org/W2809517867","https://openalex.org/W2809733148","https://openalex.org/W2963439135","https://openalex.org/W3105022665","https://openalex.org/W3162425979","https://openalex.org/W4206275171","https://openalex.org/W4230454433","https://openalex.org/W4239670432","https://openalex.org/W4243022719","https://openalex.org/W4252799050","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6731123822"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1574724839","https://openalex.org/W2377190948","https://openalex.org/W4221117092","https://openalex.org/W2096476311","https://openalex.org/W3004631040","https://openalex.org/W4361855866","https://openalex.org/W169721953","https://openalex.org/W2899854151","https://openalex.org/W1623638113","https://openalex.org/W3034776505"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,85,148],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"virtual":[3],"reality":[4,7],"and":[5,29,65,72,80,106,123,127,132,145,162],"augmented":[6],"applications":[8],"have":[9],"seen":[10],"a":[11],"significant":[12],"increase":[13],"in":[14,45],"popularity.":[15],"This":[16],"is":[17],"due":[18],"to":[19,35,53,78,157],"multiple":[20],"technology":[21],"trends.":[22],"First,":[23],"the":[24,117,124],"availability":[25],"of":[26,39,91,99,129,166],"new":[27,37,61],"tethered":[28],"wireless":[30],"head-mounted":[31],"displays":[32],"allows":[33],"viewers":[34],"consume":[36],"types":[38],"content.":[40,84],"Second,":[41],"360\u00b0":[42,56,82,92,103,112,121,134,138,167],"omnidirectional":[43],"cameras,":[44],"combination":[46],"with":[47,155],"production":[48],"software,":[49],"make":[50],"it":[51],"easier":[52],"produce":[54],"personalized":[55,164],"videos.":[57,168],"Third,":[58],"beyond":[59],"these":[60],"developments":[62],"for":[63,102,120],"creating":[64],"consuming":[66],"such":[67],"content,":[68,136],"video":[69,83,93,104,122,135,139],"sharing":[70],"websites":[71],"social":[73],"media":[74],"platforms":[75],"enable":[76],"users":[77],"publish":[79],"view":[81],"this":[86],"paper,":[87],"we":[88,150],"present":[89],"challenges":[90,126],"streaming":[94],"systems,":[95],"give":[96],"an":[97],"overview":[98],"existing":[100],"approaches":[101,128],"streaming,":[105],"outline":[107],"research":[108,153],"opportunities":[109,154],"enabled":[110],"by":[111],"video.":[113],"We":[114],"focus":[115],"on":[116],"data":[118],"model":[119],"different":[125],"creating,":[130],"distributing,":[131],"presenting":[133],"including":[137],"recording,":[140],"storage,":[141,159],"distribution,":[142,161],"edge":[143],"delivery,":[144],"quality-of-experience":[146],"evaluation.":[147],"addition,":[149],"identify":[151],"major":[152],"respect":[156],"efficient":[158],"timely":[160],"cybersickness-free":[163],"viewing":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-07T14:57:38.498316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
