{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2604319603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2017.2761740","title":"Efficient Processing of Deep Neural Networks: A Tutorial and Survey","display_name":"Efficient Processing of Deep Neural Networks: A Tutorial and Survey","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-11-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2604319603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2017.2761740","mag":"2604319603"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2017.2761740","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2017.2761740","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066351389","display_name":"Vivienne Sze","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vivienne Sze","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047695560","display_name":"Yu\u2010Hsin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9603-7371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Hsin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058307363","display_name":"Tien-Ju Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4728-0321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tien-Ju Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024384625","display_name":"Joel Emer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127875","display_name":"Nvidia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joel S. Emer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","Nvidia Corporation, Westford, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nvidia Corporation, Westford, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":132.0249,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4063,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99983149,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"105","issue":"12","first_page":"2295","last_page":"2329"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7793283462524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking","display_name":"Benchmarking","score":0.6058719158172607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5909057855606079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5561302900314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.5176597237586975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4874267876148224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.48237815499305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.4650844931602478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4640141725540161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.46028417348861694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.447273313999176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.4407351016998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4324280321598053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4235122799873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.24241262674331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.147842675447464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7793283462524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.6058719158172607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5909057855606079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5561302900314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.5176597237586975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4874267876148224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.48237815499305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.4650844931602478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4640141725540161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.46028417348861694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.447273313999176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.4407351016998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4324280321598053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4235122799873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.24241262674331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.147842675447464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2017.2761740","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2017.2761740","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307102","display_name":"Intel Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309480","display_name":"Nvidia","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":200,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4919037","https://openalex.org/W174971197","https://openalex.org/W1005811612","https://openalex.org/W1019830208","https://openalex.org/W1535810436","https://openalex.org/W1542981317","https://openalex.org/W1574719918","https://openalex.org/W1627054999","https://openalex.org/W1665214252","https://openalex.org/W1667652561","https://openalex.org/W1677182931","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1690739335","https://openalex.org/W1731081199","https://openalex.org/W1757796397","https://openalex.org/W1821462560","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1841592590","https://openalex.org/W1902934009","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1923344279","https://openalex.org/W1972907356","https://openalex.org/W1975253511","https://openalex.org/W1981220134","https://openalex.org/W1984541135","https://openalex.org/W1992781178","https://openalex.org/W1999085092","https://openalex.org/W2004455575","https://openalex.org/W2009832130","https://openalex.org/W2026369565","https://openalex.org/W2032397540","https://openalex.org/W2044535169","https://openalex.org/W2048266589","https://openalex.org/W2048508570","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2067523571","https://openalex.org/W2069743665","https://openalex.org/W2070167224","https://openalex.org/W2088079057","https://openalex.org/W2088338354","https://openalex.org/W2094756095","https://openalex.org/W2096645269","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2099912917","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2107726111","https://openalex.org/W2112739286","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2114766824","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2117696986","https://openalex.org/W2119112357","https://openalex.org/W2119144962","https://openalex.org/W2133319764","https://openalex.org/W2134797427","https://openalex.org/W2138207765","https://openalex.org/W2138913040","https://openalex.org/W2141504882","https://openalex.org/W2145607950","https://openalex.org/W2152839228","https://openalex.org/W2155007355","https://openalex.org/W2155893237","https://openalex.org/W2156303437","https://openalex.org/W2158899491","https://openalex.org/W2160815625","https://openalex.org/W2162651880","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2167215970","https://openalex.org/W2172166488","https://openalex.org/W2172654076","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2198606573","https://openalex.org/W2233116163","https://openalex.org/W2257979135","https://openalex.org/W2276892413","https://openalex.org/W2279098554","https://openalex.org/W2285660444","https://openalex.org/W2289252105","https://openalex.org/W2291160084","https://openalex.org/W2291643118","https://openalex.org/W2294370754","https://openalex.org/W2300242332","https://openalex.org/W2314470091","https://openalex.org/W2319920447","https://openalex.org/W2337344472","https://openalex.org/W2400507664","https://openalex.org/W2405920868","https://openalex.org/W2431931973","https://openalex.org/W2433743436","https://openalex.org/W2442974303","https://openalex.org/W2469490737","https://openalex.org/W2474421929","https://openalex.org/W2508602506","https://openalex.org/W2509192851","https://openalex.org/W2511743527","https://openalex.org/W2513554817","https://openalex.org/W2516141709","https://openalex.org/W2518281301","https://openalex.org/W2518511512","https://openalex.org/W2519091744","https://openalex.org/W2523838129","https://openalex.org/W2524241275","https://openalex.org/W2524428287","https://openalex.org/W2527492855","https://openalex.org/W2530849036","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2554302513","https://openalex.org/W2560017826","https://openalex.org/W2563587242","https://openalex.org/W2565305208","https://openalex.org/W2581082771","https://openalex.org/W2586654419","https://openalex.org/W2593841437","https://openalex.org/W2605347906","https://openalex.org/W2612445135","https://openalex.org/W2619096655","https://openalex.org/W2624789836","https://openalex.org/W2625457103","https://openalex.org/W2626712922","https://openalex.org/W2657126969","https://openalex.org/W2694935213","https://openalex.org/W2745228312","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2949382160","https://openalex.org/W2950248853","https://openalex.org/W2952230511","https://openalex.org/W2962835968","https://openalex.org/W2962988160","https://openalex.org/W2963000224","https://openalex.org/W2963048316","https://openalex.org/W2963114950","https://openalex.org/W2963285578","https://openalex.org/W2963340555","https://openalex.org/W2963374099","https://openalex.org/W2963403664","https://openalex.org/W2963424132","https://openalex.org/W2963542991","https://openalex.org/W2963674932","https://openalex.org/W2963823954","https://openalex.org/W2963893493","https://openalex.org/W2963911037","https://openalex.org/W2964118293","https://openalex.org/W2964161785","https://openalex.org/W2964195221","https://openalex.org/W2964228333","https://openalex.org/W2964299589","https://openalex.org/W2964350391","https://openalex.org/W3022861191","https://openalex.org/W3024621361","https://openalex.org/W3099533866","https://openalex.org/W4244330903","https://openalex.org/W4247198796","https://openalex.org/W4249932213","https://openalex.org/W4297775537","https://openalex.org/W4297797729","https://openalex.org/W4298857966","https://openalex.org/W4301501993","https://openalex.org/W4302296459","https://openalex.org/W6600213771","https://openalex.org/W6626177569","https://openalex.org/W6629368666","https://openalex.org/W6637242042","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6637551013","https://openalex.org/W6637967152","https://openalex.org/W6638444622","https://openalex.org/W6638523607","https://openalex.org/W6638632666","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6638783484","https://openalex.org/W6639703010","https://openalex.org/W6640442106","https://openalex.org/W6658415067","https://openalex.org/W6677103964","https://openalex.org/W6677580257","https://openalex.org/W6679667936","https://openalex.org/W6679909955","https://openalex.org/W6680298904","https://openalex.org/W6682849425","https://openalex.org/W6682864246","https://openalex.org/W6683738474","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6684563725","https://openalex.org/W6685405536","https://openalex.org/W6685562342","https://openalex.org/W6685627644","https://openalex.org/W6694260854","https://openalex.org/W6695314431","https://openalex.org/W6696939137","https://openalex.org/W6697633650","https://openalex.org/W6698200048","https://openalex.org/W6703414193","https://openalex.org/W6714058667","https://openalex.org/W6725543821","https://openalex.org/W6727533809","https://openalex.org/W6727867346","https://openalex.org/W6730047919","https://openalex.org/W6734062232","https://openalex.org/W6738642365"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238897586","https://openalex.org/W435179959","https://openalex.org/W2619091065","https://openalex.org/W2059640416","https://openalex.org/W1490753184","https://openalex.org/W2284465472","https://openalex.org/W2291782699","https://openalex.org/W1993948687","https://openalex.org/W2000169967","https://openalex.org/W4285818394"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"neural":[1],"networks":[2],"(DNNs)":[3],"are":[4,61],"currently":[5],"widely":[6],"used":[7,168],"for":[8,169,205,240],"many":[9,27],"artificial":[10],"intelligence":[11],"(AI)":[12],"applications":[13],"including":[14,180],"computer":[15],"vision,":[16],"speech":[17],"recognition,":[18],"and":[19,51,80,107,112,134,148,157,162,187,217,227,243,248],"robotics.":[20],"While":[21],"DNNs":[22,46,68,122],"deliver":[23],"state-of-the-art":[24],"accuracy":[25,56],"on":[26],"AI":[28,70],"tasks,":[29],"it":[30,96],"comes":[31],"at":[32],"the":[33,64,83,87,118,171,194,201,221,233],"cost":[34,60,120],"of":[35,45,67,89,93,101,121,175,235],"high":[36],"computational":[37],"complexity.":[38],"Accordingly,":[39],"techniques":[40,239],"that":[41,109,145,165],"enable":[42,146],"efficient":[43,91,241],"processing":[44,92],"to":[47,63,75,150,209,231],"improve":[48],"energy":[49],"efficiency":[50],"throughput":[52],"without":[53],"sacrificing":[54],"application":[55],"or":[57,129],"increasing":[58],"hardware":[59,105,126,132,177,213,225],"critical":[62],"wide":[65],"deployment":[66],"in":[69,116,154,185],"systems.":[71],"This":[72],"article":[73],"aims":[74],"provide":[76,98],"a":[77],"comprehensive":[78],"tutorial":[79],"survey":[81],"about":[82],"recent":[84,245],"advances":[85],"toward":[86],"goal":[88],"enabling":[90],"DNNs.":[94],"Specifically,":[95],"will":[97,139,191],"an":[99],"overview":[100],"DNNs,":[102,111],"discuss":[103],"various":[104,142,224,236],"platforms":[106],"architectures":[108,226],"support":[110],"highlight":[113,158],"key":[114,202],"trends":[115,247],"reducing":[117],"computation":[119],"either":[123],"solely":[124],"via":[125,130],"design":[127,133,163,203,238],"changes":[128],"joint":[131],"DNN":[135,176,212,237],"algorithm":[136],"changes.":[137],"It":[138],"also":[140],"summarize":[141],"development":[143],"resources":[144],"researchers":[147],"practitioners":[149],"quickly":[151],"get":[152],"started":[153],"this":[155,198],"field,":[156],"important":[159],"benchmarking":[160],"metrics":[161],"considerations":[164,204],"should":[166],"be":[167,207,229],"evaluating":[170],"rapidly":[172],"growing":[173],"number":[174],"designs,":[178],"optionally":[179],"algorithmic":[181],"codesigns,":[182],"being":[183],"proposed":[184],"academia":[186],"industry.":[188],"The":[189],"reader":[190],"take":[192],"away":[193],"following":[195],"concepts":[196],"from":[197],"article:":[199],"understand":[200,220,244],"DNNs;":[206],"able":[208,230],"evaluate":[210,232],"different":[211],"implementations":[214],"with":[215],"benchmarks":[216],"comparison":[218],"metrics;":[219],"tradeoffs":[222],"between":[223],"platforms;":[228],"utility":[234],"processing;":[242],"implementation":[246],"opportunities.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":269},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":519},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":469},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":481},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":509},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":588},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":573},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":412},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":210},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-25T09:21:30.201066","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}