{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2742333440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2017.2730585","title":"A Novel Methodology to Label Urban Remote Sensing Images Based on Location-Based Social Media Photos","display_name":"A Novel Methodology to Label Urban Remote Sensing Images Based on Location-Based Social Media Photos","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2742333440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2017.2730585","mag":"2742333440"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2017.2730585","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2017.2730585","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057267422","display_name":"Mingmin Chi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2650-4146"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingmin Chi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002427493","display_name":"Zhongyi Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5099-5363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongyi Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072375648","display_name":"Yiqing Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6029-3827"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiqing Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034466750","display_name":"Jinsheng Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinsheng Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035508615","display_name":"J\u00f3n Atli Benediktsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-9647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165368041","display_name":"University of Iceland","ror":"https://ror.org/01db6h964","country_code":"IS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165368041"]}],"countries":["IS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon Atli Benediktsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165368041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8111,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9204906,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"105","issue":"10","first_page":"1926","last_page":"1936"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.753613293170929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.6903016567230225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.47042274475097656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.44565558433532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.4393141269683838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.4335966110229492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4293852150440216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4168773293495178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3946725130081177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3691815733909607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.32464802265167236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.21925488114356995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.16908392310142517}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.753613293170929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.6903016567230225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.47042274475097656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.44565558433532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.4393141269683838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4335966110229492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4293852150440216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4168773293495178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3946725130081177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3691815733909607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.32464802265167236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.21925488114356995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.16908392310142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2017.2730585","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2017.2730585","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G645463129","display_name":"\u5927\u6570\u636e\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u51b3\u7b56\u521b\u65b0\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"71331005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321851","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W148878710","https://openalex.org/W204230938","https://openalex.org/W1479807131","https://openalex.org/W1483816357","https://openalex.org/W1483870316","https://openalex.org/W1522553155","https://openalex.org/W1606858007","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1833123814","https://openalex.org/W1855293664","https://openalex.org/W1990953362","https://openalex.org/W2011822607","https://openalex.org/W2012592962","https://openalex.org/W2025263547","https://openalex.org/W2025984714","https://openalex.org/W2046589280","https://openalex.org/W2058738785","https://openalex.org/W2065383075","https://openalex.org/W2085630556","https://openalex.org/W2085989833","https://openalex.org/W2101954106","https://openalex.org/W2102218435","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2107034620","https://openalex.org/W2107131609","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2124386111","https://openalex.org/W2125826911","https://openalex.org/W2129444086","https://openalex.org/W2136504847","https://openalex.org/W2136922672","https://openalex.org/W2139573966","https://openalex.org/W2139709458","https://openalex.org/W2147800946","https://openalex.org/W2151023586","https://openalex.org/W2155893237","https://openalex.org/W2160585474","https://openalex.org/W2161160262","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2165049595","https://openalex.org/W2171671120","https://openalex.org/W2201853392","https://openalex.org/W2215149882","https://openalex.org/W2401246392","https://openalex.org/W2464053662","https://openalex.org/W2482549452","https://openalex.org/W2570764145","https://openalex.org/W2767063932","https://openalex.org/W2903158431","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2949071206","https://openalex.org/W2951911250","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W3121995805","https://openalex.org/W4230030242","https://openalex.org/W4239072543","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4241569833","https://openalex.org/W4252861488","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6606038314","https://openalex.org/W6628964739","https://openalex.org/W6628973269","https://openalex.org/W6631428405","https://openalex.org/W6636412649","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6638556758","https://openalex.org/W6639038333","https://openalex.org/W6676297131","https://openalex.org/W6680140577","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6687705047","https://openalex.org/W6745528791","https://openalex.org/W6756615331"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2085033728","https://openalex.org/W4285411112","https://openalex.org/W2171299904","https://openalex.org/W3034529322","https://openalex.org/W1647606319","https://openalex.org/W2113597336","https://openalex.org/W4390494008","https://openalex.org/W2053596378","https://openalex.org/W2922442631"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,5,91,114,149,153,221,231,266,281,293,296,303],"rapid":[2],"development":[3],"of":[4,9,61,93,148,159,173,223,233,268,295,314,324,337],"internet":[6],"and":[7,18,30,43,74,171,191,262,289,333,346],"popularization":[8],"intelligent":[10],"mobile":[11],"devices,":[12],"social":[13,34,225,340],"media":[14,35,226,341],"is":[15,167,212,240,284],"evolving":[16],"fast":[17],"contains":[19],"rich":[20],"spatial":[21,75,331],"information,":[22],"such":[23,180,343],"as":[24,181,246,248,300,302,344],"geolocated":[25],"posts,":[26],"tweets,":[27],"photos,":[28],"video,":[29],"audio.":[31],"Those":[32],"location-based":[33,95,224],"data":[36,65,252,271,321],"have":[37],"offered":[38],"new":[39,210],"opportunities":[40],"for":[41,49,306],"hazards":[42],"disaster":[44],"identification":[45],"or":[46,52,145],"tracking,":[47],"recommendations":[48],"locations,":[50],"friends":[51],"tags,":[53],"pay-per-click":[54],"advertising,":[55],"etc.":[56],"Meanwhile,":[57],"a":[58,78,108,130,146,164,174,209,278,329,334],"massive":[59],"amount":[60,336],"remote":[62],"sensing":[63],"(RS)":[64],"can":[66,85],"be":[67,86,123,156],"easily":[68],"acquired":[69],"in":[70,163,312,328],"both":[71],"high":[72,330],"temporal":[73],"resolution":[76,332],"with":[77,98,277],"multiple":[79],"satellite":[80],"system,":[81],"if":[82],"RS":[83,119,126,186,200,204,217,244,269,309,320,326],"maps":[84,311],"provided,":[87],"to":[88,128,139,178,197,214],"possibly":[89],"enable":[90],"monitoring":[92],"our":[94],"living":[96],"environments":[97],"some":[99],"devices":[100],"like":[101],"charge-coupled":[102],"device":[103],"(CCD)":[104],"cameras":[105],"but":[106],"on":[107,185,243,318],"much":[109],"larger":[110],"scale.":[111],"To":[112,229],"generate":[113],"classification":[115,131,238,315],"maps,":[116],"usually,":[117],"labeled":[118,134],"image":[120,142,310],"pixels":[121],"should":[122,155],"provided":[124],"by":[125,160,219,274],"experts":[127],"train":[129],"system.":[132],"Traditionally,":[133],"samples":[135],"are":[136,272],"obtained":[137],"according":[138],"ground":[140],"surveys,":[141],"photo":[143,182],"interpretation":[144,183],"combination":[147],"aforementioned":[150],"strategies.":[151],"All":[152],"strategies":[154],"taken":[157],"care":[158],"domain":[161],"experts,":[162],"means":[165],"which":[166],"costly,":[168],"time":[169],"consuming,":[170],"sometimes":[172],"low":[175],"quality":[176],"due":[177],"reasons":[179],"based":[184,242,317],"images":[187,201,218,245,327],"only.":[188],"These":[189],"practices":[190],"constraints":[192],"make":[193],"it":[194],"more":[195],"challenging":[196],"classify":[198,215],"land-cover":[199],"using":[202],"big":[203,251,319],"data.":[205],"In":[206],"this":[207,234],"paper,":[208],"methodology":[211,305],"proposed":[213,297,304],"urban":[216],"exploiting":[220],"semantics":[222],"photos":[227,338],"(SMPs).":[228],"validate":[230],"effectiveness":[232,294],"methodology,":[235],"an":[236],"automatic":[237],"system":[239,283,299],"developed":[241,282],"well":[247,301],"SMPs":[249],"via":[250],"analysis":[253],"techniques":[254],"including":[255],"active":[256],"learning,":[257,261],"crowdsourcing,":[258],"shallow":[259],"machine":[260],"deep":[263],"learning.":[264],"As":[265],"labels":[267],"training":[270],"given":[273],"ordinary":[275],"people":[276],"crowdsourcing":[279],"technique,":[280],"named":[285],"Crowd4RS.":[286],"The":[287],"quantitative":[288],"qualitative":[290],"experiments":[291],"confirm":[292],"Crowd4RS":[298],"automatically":[307],"generating":[308],"terms":[313],"results":[316],"made":[322],"up":[323],"multispectral":[325],"large":[335],"from":[339],"sites,":[342],"Flickr":[345],"Panoramio.":[347]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}