{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2330559246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2015.2510665","title":"Engineering Methods and Tools for Cyber\u2013Physical Automation Systems","display_name":"Engineering Methods and Tools for Cyber\u2013Physical Automation Systems","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2330559246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2015.2510665","mag":"2330559246"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2015.2510665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2015.2510665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2015.2510665","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103100195","display_name":"Robert Harrison","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4266-5767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert Harrison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047277105","display_name":"Daniel Vera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5138-0953"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Vera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061888967","display_name":"Bilal Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2752-9161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bilal Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), University of Warwick, Coventry, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103100195"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":33.0012,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":173,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99804989,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"104","issue":"5","first_page":"973","last_page":"985"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11741","display_name":"Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11741","display_name":"Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.7886146306991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.7017126679420471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reuse","display_name":"Reuse","score":0.6193795800209045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.5859165191650391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.571463942527771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industry-4.0","display_name":"Industry 4.0","score":0.5173972845077515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49018388986587524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.4472169876098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-automation-system","display_name":"Process automation system","score":0.419050931930542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.40157321095466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-engineering","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","score":0.3547639846801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.34168460965156555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-management","display_name":"Engineering management","score":0.3269963264465332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.16528022289276123}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.7886146306991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.7017126679420471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.6193795800209045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.5859165191650391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.571463942527771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777986313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1661989","display_name":"Industry 4.0","level":2,"score":0.5173972845077515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49018388986587524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4472169876098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21457203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4056293","display_name":"Process automation system","level":3,"score":0.419050931930542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.40157321095466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117671659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","level":1,"score":0.3547639846801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.34168460965156555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.3269963264465332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.16528022289276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2015.2510665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2015.2510665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:wrap.warwick.ac.uk:78221","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400665","display_name":"Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2015.2510665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2015.2510665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8402797225","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/K018191/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W97120360","https://openalex.org/W119592666","https://openalex.org/W200888852","https://openalex.org/W1489236699","https://openalex.org/W1512485122","https://openalex.org/W1539608494","https://openalex.org/W1558369125","https://openalex.org/W1813715493","https://openalex.org/W1832079523","https://openalex.org/W1900348916","https://openalex.org/W1966715316","https://openalex.org/W1967706921","https://openalex.org/W1981616524","https://openalex.org/W1982283308","https://openalex.org/W1989952493","https://openalex.org/W2001230460","https://openalex.org/W2005274253","https://openalex.org/W2009266454","https://openalex.org/W2034711886","https://openalex.org/W2035352232","https://openalex.org/W2044955572","https://openalex.org/W2048597145","https://openalex.org/W2048737856","https://openalex.org/W2054718728","https://openalex.org/W2065457963","https://openalex.org/W2067676515","https://openalex.org/W2072044896","https://openalex.org/W2072602283","https://openalex.org/W2076625032","https://openalex.org/W2080502151","https://openalex.org/W2083301515","https://openalex.org/W2094619429","https://openalex.org/W2104848200","https://openalex.org/W2104918081","https://openalex.org/W2109342445","https://openalex.org/W2110743466","https://openalex.org/W2113766232","https://openalex.org/W2124089868","https://openalex.org/W2129715347","https://openalex.org/W2129961849","https://openalex.org/W2132982035","https://openalex.org/W2135096496","https://openalex.org/W2137249958","https://openalex.org/W2140695109","https://openalex.org/W2161864814","https://openalex.org/W2165068625","https://openalex.org/W2169239645","https://openalex.org/W2230365590","https://openalex.org/W2293120039","https://openalex.org/W2315540779","https://openalex.org/W2545987662","https://openalex.org/W3017312168","https://openalex.org/W4248392990","https://openalex.org/W6638438293","https://openalex.org/W6659365424","https://openalex.org/W6662716414","https://openalex.org/W6668774491","https://openalex.org/W6674296145","https://openalex.org/W6696859800"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2945357379","https://openalex.org/W3003666232","https://openalex.org/W2981104449","https://openalex.org/W2474294994","https://openalex.org/W2903493206","https://openalex.org/W2902177743","https://openalex.org/W2785197507","https://openalex.org/W2963246290","https://openalex.org/W4312821896","https://openalex.org/W2744599860"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Much":[0],"has":[1,19,74],"been":[2,20,99],"published":[3],"about":[4,22],"potential":[5,71],"benefits":[6],"of":[7,10,43,91,111,144,172,199],"the":[8,66,70,85,89,125,132,138,167,194,203],"adoption":[9],"cyber-physical":[11],"systems":[12,26,45,80,174,201],"(CPSs)":[13],"in":[14,77,137],"manufacturing":[15],"industry.":[16],"However,":[17],"less":[18],"said":[21],"how":[23,37,155],"such":[24,44,156,200],"automation":[25,79,173],"might":[27,46],"be":[28,47,55,187],"effectively":[29,188],"configured":[30],"and":[31,36,41,108,114,148,169,190,197,210],"supported":[32],"through":[33,175],"their":[34,176],"lifecycles":[35],"application":[38],"modeling,":[39],"visualization,":[40],"reuse":[42],"best":[48,62],"achieved.":[49],"It":[50,93],"is":[51],"vitally":[52],"important":[53],"to":[54,57,75,103,166,186],"able":[56],"incorporate":[58],"support":[59,162,192],"for":[60,88,193],"engineering":[61,90,95,112,127,159,171],"practice":[63],"while":[64],"at":[65],"same":[67],"time":[68],"exploiting":[69],"that":[72,97,116,181],"CPS":[73,126],"offer":[76],"an":[78,151,163],"setting.":[81],"This":[82],"paper":[83,121],"considers":[84],"industrial":[86,152],"context":[87],"CPS.":[92],"reviews":[94],"approaches":[96],"have":[98],"proposed":[100],"or":[101],"adopted":[102],"date":[104],"including":[105],"Industry":[106],"4.0":[107],"provides":[109,191],"examples":[110],"methods":[113],"tools":[115],"are":[117],"currently":[118],"available.":[119],"The":[120],"then":[122],"focuses":[123],"on":[124],"toolset":[128,160],"being":[129],"developed":[130],"by":[131],"Automation":[133],"Systems":[134],"Group":[135,141],"(ASG)":[136],"Warwick":[139],"Manufacturing":[140],"(WMG),":[142],"University":[143],"Warwick,":[145],"Coventry,":[146],"U.K.":[147],"explains":[149],"via":[150,178],"case":[153],"study":[154],"a":[157,179],"component-based":[158],"can":[161],"integrated":[164,189],"approach":[165],"virtual":[168],"physical":[170],"lifecycle":[177],"method":[180],"enables":[182],"multiple":[183],"vendors'":[184],"equipment":[185],"specification,":[195],"validation,":[196],"use":[198],"across":[202],"supply":[204],"chain,":[205],"e.g.,":[206],"between":[207],"end":[208],"users":[209],"system":[211],"integrators.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-03-09T08:58:05.943551","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}