{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1975244201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2012.2225812","title":"POMDP-Based Statistical Spoken Dialog Systems: A Review","display_name":"POMDP-Based Statistical Spoken Dialog Systems: A Review","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1975244201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2012.2225812","mag":"1975244201"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2012.2225812","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2012.2225812","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109097977","display_name":"Steve Young","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steve Young","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK","Dept. of Eng., Cambridge Univ., Cambridge, , UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Eng., Cambridge Univ., Cambridge, , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051889115","display_name":"Milica Ga\u0161i\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0318-9147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milica Gasic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK","Dept. of Eng., Cambridge Univ., Cambridge, , UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Eng., Cambridge Univ., Cambridge, , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109222468","display_name":"Blaise Thomson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Blaise Thomson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK","Dept. of Eng., Cambridge Univ., Cambridge, , UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Eng., Cambridge Univ., Cambridge, , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103246485","display_name":"J. D. Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2460-9673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason D. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","[Microsoft Research,Redmond,WA,USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Microsoft Research,Redmond,WA,USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":76.9314,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":927,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99941229,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"101","issue":"5","first_page":"1160","last_page":"1179"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partially-observable-markov-decision-process","display_name":"Partially observable Markov decision process","score":0.9506539106369019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8345189094543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dialog-box","display_name":"Dialog box","score":0.8334174156188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7886701226234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5527822971343994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.5007150173187256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.4976675808429718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observable","display_name":"Observable","score":0.46177706122398376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.43022239208221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4188675284385681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4062228202819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.3545854091644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-model","display_name":"Markov model","score":0.25405383110046387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.22255823016166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08609813451766968}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17098449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176814","display_name":"Partially observable Markov decision process","level":4,"score":0.9506539106369019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8345189094543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173853756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86915","display_name":"Dialog box","level":2,"score":0.8334174156188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7886701226234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5527822971343994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.5007150173187256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.4976675808429718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32848918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845789","display_name":"Observable","level":2,"score":0.46177706122398376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.43022239208221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4188675284385681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4062228202819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.3545854091644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163836022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6771326","display_name":"Markov model","level":3,"score":0.25405383110046387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.22255823016166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08609813451766968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2012.2225812","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2012.2225812","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:generic.eprints.org:571689","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publications.eng.cam.ac.uk/571689/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922847","display_name":"Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":208,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1375381","https://openalex.org/W27627492","https://openalex.org/W47495561","https://openalex.org/W52170320","https://openalex.org/W62710299","https://openalex.org/W80109055","https://openalex.org/W88458750","https://openalex.org/W130097250","https://openalex.org/W137763968","https://openalex.org/W156932648","https://openalex.org/W160067033","https://openalex.org/W166179881","https://openalex.org/W169474520","https://openalex.org/W196536594","https://openalex.org/W200223693","https://openalex.org/W839997264","https://openalex.org/W1211946649","https://openalex.org/W1239606701","https://openalex.org/W1481017924","https://openalex.org/W1491011092","https://openalex.org/W1494689917","https://openalex.org/W1495086638","https://openalex.org/W1500600374","https://openalex.org/W1502662603","https://openalex.org/W1503789224","https://openalex.org/W1513689317","https://openalex.org/W1518203739","https://openalex.org/W1524766440","https://openalex.org/W1526077108","https://openalex.org/W1528120147","https://openalex.org/W1530049455","https://openalex.org/W1532688806","https://openalex.org/W1536009700","https://openalex.org/W1542601760","https://openalex.org/W1557156380","https://openalex.org/W1562973825","https://openalex.org/W1592422082","https://openalex.org/W1602011256","https://openalex.org/W1603655240","https://openalex.org/W1605030600","https://openalex.org/W1663973292","https://openalex.org/W1681299129","https://openalex.org/W1746819321","https://openalex.org/W1889788879","https://openalex.org/W1912831532","https://openalex.org/W1934021597","https://openalex.org/W1961519221","https://openalex.org/W1970789124","https://openalex.org/W1972247907","https://openalex.org/W1985992429","https://openalex.org/W1987725259","https://openalex.org/W1996957559","https://openalex.org/W2007221309","https://openalex.org/W2010642616","https://openalex.org/W2015936967","https://openalex.org/W2021151961","https://openalex.org/W2035934535","https://openalex.org/W2040123554","https://openalex.org/W2040948633","https://openalex.org/W2049167423","https://openalex.org/W2055766585","https://openalex.org/W2056733976","https://openalex.org/W2061562262","https://openalex.org/W2062175565","https://openalex.org/W2080045301","https://openalex.org/W2083205357","https://openalex.org/W2089327077","https://openalex.org/W2089561656","https://openalex.org/W2099118758","https://openalex.org/W2099430963","https://openalex.org/W2100112405","https://openalex.org/W2100655242","https://openalex.org/W2101117304","https://openalex.org/W2101472713","https://openalex.org/W2106547558","https://openalex.org/W2107886506","https://openalex.org/W2107961737","https://openalex.org/W2109038907","https://openalex.org/W2109214073","https://openalex.org/W2112259378","https://openalex.org/W2112784082","https://openalex.org/W2113033979","https://openalex.org/W2115101920","https://openalex.org/W2116154161","https://openalex.org/W2117012949","https://openalex.org/W2117448986","https://openalex.org/W2117989772","https://openalex.org/W2118120353","https://openalex.org/W2118447429","https://openalex.org/W2119015791","https://openalex.org/W2119276199","https://openalex.org/W2119717200","https://openalex.org/W2120045257","https://openalex.org/W2121325257","https://openalex.org/W2121528300","https://openalex.org/W2122203928","https://openalex.org/W2126810476","https://openalex.org/W2128965063","https://openalex.org/W2129405869","https://openalex.org/W2130339357","https://openalex.org/W2133733518","https://openalex.org/W2134051188","https://openalex.org/W2134466368","https://openalex.org/W2134802714","https://openalex.org/W2136028118","https://openalex.org/W2137496706","https://openalex.org/W2137877387","https://openalex.org/W2138742901","https://openalex.org/W2138837597","https://openalex.org/W2139504955","https://openalex.org/W2141562047","https://openalex.org/W2141839844","https://openalex.org/W2142831953","https://openalex.org/W2145043286","https://openalex.org/W2147933644","https://openalex.org/W2148796308","https://openalex.org/W2149131691","https://openalex.org/W2151814822","https://openalex.org/W2153876982","https://openalex.org/W2154740693","https://openalex.org/W2156974606","https://openalex.org/W2158282517","https://openalex.org/W2158907787","https://openalex.org/W2160133507","https://openalex.org/W2160219061","https://openalex.org/W2160328579","https://openalex.org/W2163068732","https://openalex.org/W2163680580","https://openalex.org/W2163707359","https://openalex.org/W2165574458","https://openalex.org/W2167968893","https://openalex.org/W2168359464","https://openalex.org/W2168490009","https://openalex.org/W2172501646","https://openalex.org/W2172968643","https://openalex.org/W2250245054","https://openalex.org/W2301627125","https://openalex.org/W2341171179","https://openalex.org/W2407078321","https://openalex.org/W2408200822","https://openalex.org/W2438667436","https://openalex.org/W2468040214","https://openalex.org/W2476025067","https://openalex.org/W2603612888","https://openalex.org/W2791590751","https://openalex.org/W2963889160","https://openalex.org/W2999905431","https://openalex.org/W3049094638","https://openalex.org/W3101822862","https://openalex.org/W3141973436","https://openalex.org/W3174690990","https://openalex.org/W4211049957","https://openalex.org/W4212863985","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4242606736","https://openalex.org/W4255985591","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4299431168","https://openalex.org/W4323322863","https://openalex.org/W4390809430","https://openalex.org/W6600062286","https://openalex.org/W6601091514","https://openalex.org/W6602127793","https://openalex.org/W6602539159","https://openalex.org/W6603272962","https://openalex.org/W6605306941","https://openalex.org/W6605541002","https://openalex.org/W6606497771","https://openalex.org/W6606997094","https://openalex.org/W6623533968","https://openalex.org/W6628025142","https://openalex.org/W6628066866","https://openalex.org/W6629241843","https://openalex.org/W6629836980","https://openalex.org/W6629890113","https://openalex.org/W6630808266","https://openalex.org/W6630837037","https://openalex.org/W6631339655","https://openalex.org/W6631690158","https://openalex.org/W6631722520","https://openalex.org/W6631864160","https://openalex.org/W6631950169","https://openalex.org/W6633419925","https://openalex.org/W6635849714","https://openalex.org/W6636060268","https://openalex.org/W6636208622","https://openalex.org/W6636732284","https://openalex.org/W6640231202","https://openalex.org/W6640929603","https://openalex.org/W6668329250","https://openalex.org/W6672734911","https://openalex.org/W6674541415","https://openalex.org/W6675351752","https://openalex.org/W6676426613","https://openalex.org/W6676742712","https://openalex.org/W6677102061","https://openalex.org/W6677555803","https://openalex.org/W6677602617","https://openalex.org/W6678354051","https://openalex.org/W6679977494","https://openalex.org/W6680634817","https://openalex.org/W6683794156","https://openalex.org/W6691616096","https://openalex.org/W6712534251","https://openalex.org/W6713830849","https://openalex.org/W6714440685","https://openalex.org/W6720222513","https://openalex.org/W6782121162"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4246582778","https://openalex.org/W2171219280","https://openalex.org/W2999848267","https://openalex.org/W2096013579","https://openalex.org/W1589140671","https://openalex.org/W1760611253","https://openalex.org/W52153049","https://openalex.org/W2951545791","https://openalex.org/W1515117609","https://openalex.org/W2294884454"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Statistical":[0],"dialog":[1,21,107],"systems":[2,80],"(SDSs)":[3],"are":[4],"motivated":[5],"by":[6,31,47],"the":[7,15,28,49,75,95,99,102],"need":[8],"for":[9],"a":[10,52,63],"data-driven":[11],"framework":[12],"that":[13,24],"reduces":[14],"cost":[16],"of":[17,44,78,94,98,104],"laboriously":[18],"handcrafting":[19],"complex":[20],"managers":[22],"and":[23,46,69,84],"provides":[25,91],"robustness":[26],"against":[27],"errors":[29],"created":[30],"speech":[32],"recognizers":[33],"operating":[34],"in":[35,101],"noisy":[36],"environments.":[37],"By":[38],"including":[39],"an":[40,92],"explicit":[41],"Bayesian":[42],"model":[43,67],"uncertainty":[45],"optimizing":[48],"policy":[50],"via":[51],"reward-driven":[53],"process,":[54],"partially":[55],"observable":[56],"Markov":[57],"decision":[58],"processes":[59],"(POMDPs)":[60],"provide":[61],"such":[62],"framework.":[64],"However,":[65],"exact":[66],"representation":[68],"optimization":[70],"is":[71],"computationally":[72],"intractable.":[73],"Hence,":[74],"practical":[76],"application":[77],"POMDP-based":[79,105],"requires":[81],"efficient":[82],"algorithms":[83],"carefully":[85],"constructed":[86],"approximations.":[87],"This":[88],"review":[89],"article":[90],"overview":[93],"current":[96],"state":[97],"art":[100],"development":[103],"spoken":[106],"systems.":[108]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":101},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":150},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":121},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":111},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":85},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":59},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-08-22T07:34:49.880490","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
