{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1994256586","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2012.2222011","title":"Water Bridges in Electropermeabilized Phospholipid Bilayers","display_name":"Water Bridges in Electropermeabilized Phospholipid Bilayers","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1994256586","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2012.2222011","mag":"1994256586"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2012.2222011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2012.2222011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006870070","display_name":"P. Thomas Vernier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2335-1500"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. Thomas Vernier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062547421","display_name":"Zachary A. Levine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0182-1081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zachary A. Levine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021627388","display_name":"Martin A. Gundersen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-7798"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin A. Gundersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, (VSoE), University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, (VSoE), University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006870070"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9332,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92192374,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"101","issue":"2","first_page":"494","last_page":"504"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11455","display_name":"Microbial Inactivation Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1305","display_name":"Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11455","display_name":"Microbial Inactivation Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1305","display_name":"Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11255","display_name":"Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12976","display_name":"Magnetic and Electromagnetic Effects","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1314","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane","display_name":"Membrane","score":0.7154008746147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroporation","display_name":"Electroporation","score":0.6861406564712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-field","display_name":"Electric field","score":0.6707437038421631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.5374802350997925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5326364040374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phospholipid","display_name":"Phospholipid","score":0.42142370343208313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanosecond","display_name":"Nanosecond","score":0.41567370295524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-system","display_name":"Biological system","score":0.35488033294677734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-physics","display_name":"Chemical physics","score":0.32281655073165894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.2687908709049225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11537006497383118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.0934954583644867}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.7154008746147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186852380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142521","display_name":"Electroporation","level":3,"score":0.6861406564712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60799052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46221","display_name":"Electric field","level":2,"score":0.6707437038421631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.5374802350997925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5326364040374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778918659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186915","display_name":"Phospholipid","level":3,"score":0.42142370343208313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51141536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838801","display_name":"Nanosecond","level":3,"score":0.41567370295524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.35488033294677734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159467904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001702","display_name":"Chemical physics","level":1,"score":0.32281655073165894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2687908709049225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11537006497383118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0934954583644867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jproc.2012.2222011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2012.2222011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68686220","display_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","issn_l":"0018-9219","issn":["0018-9219","1558-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490324405","https://openalex.org/W1491824558","https://openalex.org/W1505286634","https://openalex.org/W1605166042","https://openalex.org/W1965721419","https://openalex.org/W1966078827","https://openalex.org/W1967650453","https://openalex.org/W1967905520","https://openalex.org/W1969959009","https://openalex.org/W1973142530","https://openalex.org/W1975793579","https://openalex.org/W1976257328","https://openalex.org/W1979322364","https://openalex.org/W1980450411","https://openalex.org/W1984138433","https://openalex.org/W1984215847","https://openalex.org/W1985380750","https://openalex.org/W1986358178","https://openalex.org/W1988213948","https://openalex.org/W2000453101","https://openalex.org/W2005743052","https://openalex.org/W2021125439","https://openalex.org/W2022603060","https://openalex.org/W2027283884","https://openalex.org/W2028654299","https://openalex.org/W2029667189","https://openalex.org/W2029812891","https://openalex.org/W2030858572","https://openalex.org/W2035266068","https://openalex.org/W2035687084","https://openalex.org/W2037581262","https://openalex.org/W2039374050","https://openalex.org/W2043729132","https://openalex.org/W2044026663","https://openalex.org/W2047209444","https://openalex.org/W2048488821","https://openalex.org/W2049475242","https://openalex.org/W2049962926","https://openalex.org/W2058367304","https://openalex.org/W2060879692","https://openalex.org/W2064925963","https://openalex.org/W2071555991","https://openalex.org/W2079416519","https://openalex.org/W2081260116","https://openalex.org/W2087765747","https://openalex.org/W2088108211","https://openalex.org/W2101447984","https://openalex.org/W2103945336","https://openalex.org/W2126753054","https://openalex.org/W2128572087","https://openalex.org/W2130016462","https://openalex.org/W2134615711","https://openalex.org/W2137813909","https://openalex.org/W2154915010","https://openalex.org/W2155195157","https://openalex.org/W2159442951","https://openalex.org/W2162071711","https://openalex.org/W2166991478","https://openalex.org/W2330442656","https://openalex.org/W4242323202","https://openalex.org/W4250244761"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979717110","https://openalex.org/W4207000166","https://openalex.org/W3145994936","https://openalex.org/W2019248278","https://openalex.org/W2415180729","https://openalex.org/W2554612520","https://openalex.org/W2085582759","https://openalex.org/W4231714208","https://openalex.org/W2508633708","https://openalex.org/W2912617263"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pulsed":[0],"electric":[1,50],"field":[2,51],"permeabilization":[3],"of":[4,20,25,97,113],"living":[5],"cell":[6],"membranes":[7,27],"forms":[8],"the":[9,53,61,69,77,91,98],"basis":[10],"for":[11,56,64],"widely":[12],"used":[13],"biotechnology":[14],"protocols":[15],"and":[16,28,31,33,67,104,118],"an":[17],"increasing":[18,68],"number":[19],"therapeutic":[21],"applications.":[22],"Experimental":[23],"observations":[24],"artificial":[26],"whole":[29],"cells":[30],"molecular":[32],"analytical":[34],"models":[35],"provide":[36],"evidence":[37],"that":[38,107],"a":[39],"membrane-spanning,":[40],"hydrophilic,":[41],"conductive":[42],"pore":[43,65,70,101],"can":[44],"form":[45],"in":[46,84,90,116],"nanoseconds.":[47],"An":[48],"external":[49],"lowers":[52],"energy":[54],"barrier":[55],"this":[57,114],"stochastic":[58],"process,":[59],"reducing":[60],"mean":[62],"time":[63],"formation":[66],"areal":[71],"density.":[72],"Molecular":[73],"dynamic":[74],"simulations":[75],"reveal":[76],"key":[78],"role":[79],"played":[80],"by":[81],"interfacial":[82],"water":[83],"electropermeabilization.":[85],"These":[86],"model":[87],"systems,":[88],"validated":[89],"laboratory,":[92],"are":[93],"deepening":[94],"our":[95],"understanding":[96],"factors":[99],"governing":[100],"initiation,":[102],"construction,":[103],"lifetime,":[105],"knowledge":[106],"will":[108],"translate":[109],"to":[110],"enhanced":[111],"utilization":[112],"method":[115],"biomedicine":[117],"bioengineering.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
