{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162136661","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3696001","title":"Development of an Embedded System for Agricultural Sensors Based on IoT Technology: A Simulated Electronic Corn Ear","display_name":"Development of an Embedded System for Agricultural Sensors Based on IoT Technology: A Simulated Electronic Corn Ear","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162136661","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3696001"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2026.3696001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3696001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000796394","display_name":"Shulun Xing","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shulun Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Agricultural University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6109-9058","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Agricultural University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136776012","display_name":"Tao Cui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Agricultural University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Agricultural University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136815023","display_name":"Dongxing Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongxing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Agricultural University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Agricultural University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136758260","display_name":"Li Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Agricultural University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Agricultural University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136753115","display_name":"Xiantao He","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiantao He","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Agricultural University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Agricultural University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136732701","display_name":"Jiaqi Dong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaqi Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Agricultural University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Agricultural University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53125562,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"15","first_page":"33981","last_page":"33996"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.23510000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.23510000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13924","display_name":"Internet of Things and Social Network Interactions","score":0.04039999842643738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12222","display_name":"IoT-based Smart Home Systems","score":0.028300000354647636,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.7171000242233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-sensor","display_name":"Intelligent sensor","score":0.412200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.3846000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronics","display_name":"Electronics","score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-on-a-chip","display_name":"System on a chip","score":0.32760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access-memory","display_name":"Random access memory","score":0.3009999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.7171000242233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7135000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.6646999716758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176563091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q669238","display_name":"Intelligent sensor","level":3,"score":0.412200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.3846000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3474000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118021083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q610398","display_name":"System on a chip","level":2,"score":0.32760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994168587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5295","display_name":"Random access memory","level":2,"score":0.3009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5266672","display_name":"Development (topology)","level":2,"score":0.2824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173018170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165678","display_name":"Microcontroller","level":2,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775846686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643012","display_name":"Condition monitoring","level":2,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47136581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000047","display_name":"Agricultural machinery","level":3,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101518730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930236","display_name":"Energy harvesting","level":3,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989044035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronic equipment","level":2,"score":0.2506999969482422}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2026.3696001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3696001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8269039988517761,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8867508067","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52275280","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1088801630","https://openalex.org/W1974279621","https://openalex.org/W1996250840","https://openalex.org/W2022945400","https://openalex.org/W2022959860","https://openalex.org/W2036565145","https://openalex.org/W2037403744","https://openalex.org/W2057035651","https://openalex.org/W2060544624","https://openalex.org/W2061231173","https://openalex.org/W2074460918","https://openalex.org/W2080830113","https://openalex.org/W2087154330","https://openalex.org/W2120350100","https://openalex.org/W2128955568","https://openalex.org/W2187301907","https://openalex.org/W2238604920","https://openalex.org/W2288788234","https://openalex.org/W2567070911","https://openalex.org/W2777456246","https://openalex.org/W2783630587","https://openalex.org/W2894578575","https://openalex.org/W2902991555","https://openalex.org/W2910425276","https://openalex.org/W2971795702","https://openalex.org/W2999084442","https://openalex.org/W3000004788","https://openalex.org/W4210505891","https://openalex.org/W4241996460","https://openalex.org/W4362514127","https://openalex.org/W4379229687","https://openalex.org/W4386189807","https://openalex.org/W4387150710","https://openalex.org/W4388813600","https://openalex.org/W4401931162","https://openalex.org/W4410195106"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0,67],"investigate":[1],"the":[2,8,62,71,75,88,93,102,110,121,130,138,160,178,181,186,190,196,201,213,220,224,228,245,259,270,276],"causes":[3],"of":[4,21,61,74,92,120,200,212,227,241,247,261,272],"grain":[5,229],"breakage":[6,230],"during":[7,65,205,275],"corn":[9,16,27,63,77,163,166,203,214,248,262],"harvesting,":[10],"this":[11],"study":[12,236],"designed":[13],"an":[14,30,33,37,238],"electronic":[15,26,76,162,202],"ear":[17,28,78,204],"based":[18],"on":[19],"internet":[20],"things":[22],"(IoT)":[23],"technology.":[24],"The":[25,84,116,144,171,210],"integrates":[29],"ESP32":[31],"module,":[32,36,42],"ultra-wideband":[34],"(UWB)":[35],"inertial":[38],"measurement":[39],"unit":[40],"(IMU)":[41],"and":[43,58,109,137,155,173,195,223,265],"a":[44,165],"flexible":[45],"film":[46],"pressure":[47],"sensor.":[48],"By":[49],"utilizing":[50],"IoT":[51,242],"technology,":[52],"it":[53],"can":[54,253],"detect":[55],"various":[56],"kinematic":[57,172],"dynamic":[59,122,174,183],"parameters":[60,73,175],"ears":[64,215],"harvesting.":[66],"improve":[68],"detection":[69,90,104,118,132,271],"accuracy,":[70],"working":[72],"were":[79,208,232],"calibrated":[80,161],"one":[81],"by":[82],"one.":[83],"results":[85],"show":[86],"that":[87],"average":[89,111,117,139,182,187,191,197],"error":[91,105,113,119,133,141,147],"static":[94,192],"compressive":[95,193],"force":[96,124,211],"is":[97,125],"\u2264":[98,106,114,126,134,142],"0.93":[99],"N,":[100,108,128,136],"whit":[101],"maximum":[103,131],"6.49":[107],"relative":[112,140],"3.90%.":[115],"impact":[123,184,188],"0.72":[127],"with":[129],"1.92":[135],"2.80%.":[143],"spatial":[145],"positioning":[146],"isX-axis,Y-axis,":[148],"andZ-axis":[149],"are":[150],"4.12":[151],"cm,":[152,154],"8.44":[153],"8.18":[156],"cm":[157],"respectively.":[158],"Using":[159],"ear,":[164],"threshing":[167,198,206,221,263],"experiment":[168],"was":[169],"conducted.":[170],"such":[176],"as":[177],"motion":[179],"trajectory,":[180],"force,":[185,194],"frequency,":[189],"time":[199],"process":[207],"detected.":[209],"at":[216],"different":[217],"positions":[218],"in":[219,244],"device":[222],"variation":[225],"patterns":[226],"rate":[231],"also":[233],"identified.":[234],"This":[235],"provides":[237],"application":[239],"scenario":[240],"technology":[243],"field":[246],"harvest":[249],"damage":[250,264,273],"detection.":[251],"It":[252],"provide":[254],"data":[255],"support":[256,268],"for":[257,269],"elucidating":[258],"mechanisms":[260],"offer":[266],"technical":[267],"sources":[274],"harvesting":[277],"process.":[278]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2026-05-23T00:00:00"}