{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7154730528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3685081","title":"Rep-MMB: Bridging Mobile CNN and Transformer for Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition","display_name":"Rep-MMB: Bridging Mobile CNN and Transformer for Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7154730528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3685081"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2026.3685081","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3685081","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133891551","display_name":"Jinsheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6239-2051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152031979","display_name":"Nanjing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/036trcv74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinsheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6239-2051","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052536272","display_name":"L Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152031979","display_name":"Nanjing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/036trcv74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8749-7459","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111182067","display_name":"Xin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3520-5098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152031979","display_name":"Nanjing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/036trcv74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3520-5098","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121951832","display_name":"Guangjie Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152031979","display_name":"Nanjing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/036trcv74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangjie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3971-8768","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101026598","display_name":"Zenan Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1528-4081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152031979","display_name":"Nanjing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/036trcv74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zenan Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1528-4081","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104173885","display_name":"W R Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenbo Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-1172","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005207362","display_name":"Hao Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-9281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-9281","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048327458","display_name":"Aiguo Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1982-6780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aiguo Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1982-6780","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43808866,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"13","first_page":"28866","last_page":"28882"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.6031000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.6031000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.28540000319480896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.041200000792741776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridging","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","score":0.7174999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activity-recognition","display_name":"Activity recognition","score":0.6133999824523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5400999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.4332999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-computing","display_name":"Mobile computing","score":0.3458999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.31769999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8335999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174348530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188635","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","level":2,"score":0.7174999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121687571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677630","display_name":"Activity recognition","level":2,"score":0.6133999824523926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5400999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.4332999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39730000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.3458999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.31769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2924000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987247673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Character recognition","level":3,"score":0.289900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.27149999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988656282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677630","display_name":"Activity detection","level":2,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986910011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17517","display_name":"Cellular radio","level":3,"score":0.25450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183322885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007702","display_name":"Context model","level":3,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2026.3685081","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3685081","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5117308779","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202005AC160005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335950","funder_display_name":"Cultivating Plan Program for the Leader in Science and Technology of Yunnan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8016481535","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62373194","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G918101682","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"YNWR-QNBJ-2019-188","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329867","funder_display_name":"Ten Thousand Talent Plans for Young Top-notch Talents of Yunnan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329867","display_name":"Ten Thousand Talent Plans for Young Top-notch Talents of Yunnan Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335950","display_name":"Cultivating Plan Program for the Leader in Science and Technology of Yunnan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lightweight":[0],"CNNs":[1],"and":[2,42,125],"Transformers":[3,34],"have":[4],"shown":[5],"great":[6],"promise":[7],"in":[8,123],"sensor-based":[9],"human":[10],"activity":[11],"recognition":[12],"(HAR),":[13],"yet":[14],"their":[15],"structural":[16,93],"synergies":[17],"remain":[18],"underexplored.":[19],"This":[20],"paper":[21],"bridges":[22],"this":[23],"gap":[24],"by":[25],"integrating":[26],"the":[27,74],"MetaFormer":[28,52,80],"paradigm\u2014a":[29],"general":[30],"architecture":[31,77],"abstracted":[32],"from":[33,78,100],"that":[35,117,135],"structurally":[36],"separates":[37],"token":[38],"mixing":[39,44],"(i.e.,":[40,45],"self-attention)":[41],"channel":[43],"feed-forward":[46],"networks)\u2014into":[47],"efficient":[48,101],"CNN":[49],"design.":[50],"While":[51],"offers":[53],"a":[54,79,84,140],"powerful":[55],"inductive":[56],"bias,":[57],"its":[58],"standard":[59],"self-attention":[60],"mechanism":[61],"is":[62],"often":[63],"computationally":[64],"intensive":[65],"for":[66],"resource-constrained":[67],"HAR.":[68],"To":[69],"address":[70],"this,":[71],"we":[72],"revolutionize":[73],"classic":[75],"MobileNetV3":[76],"perspective,":[81],"introducing":[82],"Rep-MMB,":[83],"new":[85],"family":[86],"of":[87],"pure":[88],"lightweight":[89,121],"CNNs.":[90],"By":[91],"leveraging":[92],"reparameterization,":[94],"Rep-MMB":[95,118,136],"decouples":[96],"multi-branch":[97],"training-time":[98],"complexity":[99],"single-branch":[102],"inference,":[103],"enabling":[104],"high":[105],"accuracy":[106,124],"with":[107,127],"low":[108],"latency.":[109],"Evaluations":[110],"on":[111,130],"four":[112],"public":[113],"HAR":[114,147],"benchmarks":[115],"show":[116],"outperforms":[119],"state-of-the-art":[120],"models":[122],"efficiency,":[126],"practical":[128],"validation":[129],"embedded":[131],"devices.":[132],"We":[133],"hope":[134],"may":[137],"serve":[138],"as":[139],"strong":[141],"baseline":[142],"to":[143],"inspire":[144],"future":[145],"edge-deployed":[146],"research.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-27T06:13:17.587685","created_date":"2026-04-18T00:00:00"}
