{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7139922143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3676130","title":"Identifying Critical Nodes in Smart Grid IoT Infrastructure: A Graph Convolutional Network Approach","display_name":"Identifying Critical Nodes in Smart Grid IoT Infrastructure: A Graph Convolutional Network Approach","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7139922143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3676130"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2026.3676130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3676130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130220393","display_name":"Yulei Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145897649","display_name":"Minzu University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/0044e2g62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cyber-Physical Power System of Yunnan Colleges and Universities, School of Electrical and Information Technology, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0901-6970","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cyber-Physical Power System of Yunnan Colleges and Universities, School of Electrical and Information Technology, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145897649","https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130221118","display_name":"Yan Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145897649","display_name":"Minzu University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/0044e2g62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cyber-Physical Power System of Yunnan Colleges and Universities, School of Electrical and Information Technology, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2177-3964","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cyber-Physical Power System of Yunnan Colleges and Universities, School of Electrical and Information Technology, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145897649","https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130233279","display_name":"Tianqi Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145897649","display_name":"Minzu University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/0044e2g62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianqi Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Cyber-Physical Power System of Yunnan Colleges and Universities, School of Electrical and Information Technology, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1027-4051","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Cyber-Physical Power System of Yunnan Colleges and Universities, School of Electrical and Information Technology, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145897649","https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079133133","display_name":"Mengmeng Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2184-7684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74872605","display_name":"China Southern Power Grid (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03hkh9419","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74872605"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengmeng Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Power Science Research Institute, Yunnan Power Grid Company Ltd., Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power Science Research Institute, Yunnan Power Grid Company Ltd., Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74872605"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040460353","display_name":"Zhaolei He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9193-0304"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159557","display_name":"Industrial Measurement Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0523w5y95","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159557"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaolei He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Measurement Verification Department, Measurement Center, Yunnan Power Grid Company Ltd., Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Measurement Verification Department, Measurement Center, Yunnan Power Grid Company Ltd., Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159557"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012052079","display_name":"Quancong Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74872605","display_name":"China Southern Power Grid (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03hkh9419","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74872605"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quancong Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Power Science Research Institute, Yunnan Power Grid Company Ltd., Kunming, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Power Science Research Institute, Yunnan Power Grid Company Ltd., Kunming, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74872605"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30188423,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"12","first_page":"26361","last_page":"26371"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.3952000141143799,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.3952000141143799,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.07050000131130219,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.06610000133514404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.5200999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.5062000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4763999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-theory","display_name":"Graph theory","score":0.4000999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-environment","display_name":"Smart environment","score":0.3116999864578247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8565000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5277000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.5200999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.5062000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4763999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4551999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.4000999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152223200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3055471","display_name":"Smart environment","level":3,"score":0.3116999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51675839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665681","display_name":"Intelligent Network","level":2,"score":0.28200000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777103469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231558","display_name":"Smart city","level":3,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.2587999999523163}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2026.3676130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3676130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6357885599136353,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4442935961","display_name":"\u667a\u80fd\u7535\u7f51\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6297\u6545\u969c\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7269\u7406\u5f02\u8d28\u7f51\u7edc\u4ea4\u4e92\u673a\u5236\u53ca\u5176\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"62062068","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,77],"modern":[1],"smart":[2,25,137,167],"grid,":[3],"a":[4,12,69,174],"mission-critical":[5,185],"Cyber-Physical":[6],"Power":[7],"System":[8],"(CPPS),":[9],"relies":[10],"on":[11,73,134],"vast":[13],"Internet":[14],"of":[15,19,35,45,182],"Things":[16],"(IoT)":[17],"comprised":[18],"interconnected":[20],"sensor":[21,95,186],"terminals,":[22,96],"such":[23],"as":[24],"meters":[26],"and":[27,100,122,150],"Phasor":[28],"Measurement":[29],"Units":[30],"(PMUs).":[31],"Ensuring":[32],"the":[33,59,101,115,123,180],"resilience":[34],"this":[36,54,56],"infrastructure":[37],"by":[38],"identifying":[39],"its":[40],"most":[41],"critical":[42],"nodes":[43],"is":[44,79],"utmost":[46],"importance":[47],"to":[48,82,118,127],"prevent":[49],"cascading":[50],"failures.":[51],"To":[52,106],"address":[53],"challenge,":[55],"paper":[57],"proposes":[58],"Graph":[60],"Convolutional":[61],"Network":[62],"with":[63],"Integrated":[64],"Deformable":[65],"Depthwise":[66],"Attention":[67],"(GCN-IDDA),":[68],"novel":[70],"framework":[71],"based":[72],"graph":[74],"convolutional":[75],"networks.":[76,187],"model":[78,126],"specifically":[80],"designed":[81],"fuse":[83],"heterogeneous,":[84],"multimodal":[85],"data":[86],"streams":[87],"that":[88,143],"span":[89],"physical-layer":[90],"readings":[91],"collected":[92],"from":[93],"these":[94],"network-layer":[97],"communication":[98],"metrics,":[99],"overall":[102],"IoT":[103,139],"network":[104,140],"topology.":[105],"strictly":[107],"evaluate":[108],"performance":[109],"in":[110,155],"realistic":[111],"scenarios,":[112],"we":[113],"employ":[114],"SimBench":[116],"dataset":[117],"construct":[119],"grid":[120,138,168],"topologies":[121],"Susceptible-Infected-Recovered":[124],"(SIR)":[125],"simulate":[128],"dynamic":[129],"threat":[130],"propagation.":[131],"Extensive":[132],"experiments":[133],"four":[135],"distinct":[136],"testbeds":[141],"show":[142],"GCN-IDDA":[144],"significantly":[145],"outperforms":[146],"traditional":[147],"centrality":[148],"measures":[149],"baseline":[151],"machine":[152],"learning":[153],"methods":[154],"identification":[156],"accuracy.":[157],"This":[158],"research":[159],"not":[160],"only":[161],"delivers":[162],"an":[163],"effective":[164],"tool":[165],"for":[166,178],"vulnerability":[169],"analysis":[170],"but":[171],"also":[172],"provides":[173],"scalable,":[175],"data-driven":[176],"paradigm":[177],"enhancing":[179],"security":[181],"other":[183],"large-scale,":[184]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2026-03-21T00:00:00"}
