{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133195824","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3669440","title":"DFCA: Decentralized Federated Clustering Algorithm","display_name":"DFCA: Decentralized Federated Clustering Algorithm","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133195824","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3669440"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2026.3669440","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3669440","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127790751","display_name":"Jonas Kirch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163630","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/058kjq542","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163630","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonas Kirch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering, Dortmund, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9972-2926","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering, Dortmund, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163630"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107950651","display_name":"Sebastian Becker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163630","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/058kjq542","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163630","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastian Becker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering, Dortmund, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6309-7351","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering, Dortmund, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163630"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044028771","display_name":"Tiago Koketsu Rodrigues","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0881-3818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiago Koketsu Rodrigues","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0881-3818","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062835183","display_name":"Stefan Harmeling","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Harmeling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9709-8160","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26964419,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"11","first_page":"22862","last_page":"22872"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.4832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.4832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.039500001817941666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.02500000037252903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.7287999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federated-learning","display_name":"Federated learning","score":0.675599992275238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5613999962806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.507099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decentralised-system","display_name":"Decentralised system","score":0.4302000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.4066999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.39480000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-stream-clustering","display_name":"Data stream clustering","score":0.38960000872612}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8794999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.7287999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992525071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50818671","display_name":"Federated learning","level":2,"score":0.675599992275238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5613999962806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.507099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205875254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156857","display_name":"Decentralised system","level":3,"score":0.4302000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4066999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.39480000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193143536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227360","display_name":"Data stream clustering","level":5,"score":0.38960000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.38179999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70061542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989016","display_name":"Distributed database","level":2,"score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.35179999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165136773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363179","display_name":"Single point of failure","level":2,"score":0.34139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157553263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5168004","display_name":"Coordinate descent","level":2,"score":0.3368000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C854659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1859284","display_name":"Message passing","level":2,"score":0.335099995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82578977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16773055","display_name":"Data aggregator","level":3,"score":0.3303000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130120984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835898","display_name":"Distributed algorithm","level":2,"score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.30630001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.2946000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104047586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033439","display_name":"Canopy clustering algorithm","level":4,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109659709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3407504","display_name":"Affinity propagation","level":5,"score":0.25209999084472656}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2026.3669440","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3669440","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/510857","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/510857","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Clustered":[0],"Federated":[1,33,143],"Learning":[2],"has":[3],"emerged":[4],"as":[5,176],"an":[6],"effective":[7],"approach":[8],"for":[9,217],"handling":[10],"heterogeneous":[11,68],"data":[12,24],"across":[13],"clients":[14,71,156],"by":[15],"partitioning":[16],"them":[17],"into":[18],"clusters":[19],"with":[20,78],"similar":[21],"or":[22,123],"identical":[23],"distributions.":[25],"However,":[26],"most":[27],"existing":[28],"methods,":[29],"including":[30],"the":[31,141],"Iterative":[32],"Clustering":[34,144],"Algorithm":[35,145],"(IFCA),":[36],"rely":[37],"on":[38,131,192],"a":[39,79,85,90,93,132,147,167,180],"central":[40,133,163],"server":[41,134],"to":[42,63,157,171,183,205],"coordinate":[43],"model":[44],"updates,":[45],"typically":[46],"requiring":[47],"stable":[48],"connectivity,":[49,125,211],"synchronous":[50],"communication":[51,77],"rounds,":[52],"and":[53,67,92,126,202,215],"global":[54],"aggregation":[55,185],"of":[56,82,96,113,119],"client":[57],"models.":[58],"These":[59],"assumptions":[60],"are":[61],"difficult":[62],"satisfy":[64],"in":[65,101,111],"decentralized":[66,103,149,200,220],"environments,":[69],"where":[70,116],"may":[72],"only":[73],"have":[74],"limited,":[75],"local":[76],"small":[80],"subset":[81],"peers.":[83],"As":[84],"result,":[86],"such":[87],"methods":[88],"create":[89],"bottleneck":[91],"single":[94],"point":[95],"failure,":[97],"limiting":[98],"their":[99],"applicability":[100],"realistic":[102],"learning":[104,152],"settings.":[105],"This":[106],"limitation":[107],"is":[108],"particularly":[109],"severe":[110],"Internet":[112],"Things":[114],"settings,":[115],"large":[117],"numbers":[118],"resource-constrained":[120],"devices,":[121],"intermittent":[122],"sparse":[124,210],"dynamic":[127,218],"participation":[128],"make":[129],"reliance":[130],"impractical.":[135],"In":[136],"this":[137],"work,":[138],"we":[139],"introduce":[140],"Decentralized":[142],"(DFCA),":[146],"fully":[148],"clustered":[150],"federated":[151],"algorithm":[153],"that":[154,196],"enables":[155],"collaboratively":[158],"train":[159],"cluster-specific":[160],"models":[161,173],"without":[162],"coordination.":[164],"DFCA":[165,197],"uses":[166],"sequential":[168],"running":[169],"average":[170],"aggregate":[172],"from":[174],"neighbors":[175],"updates":[177],"arrive,":[178],"providing":[179],"communication-efficient":[181],"alternative":[182],"batch":[184],"while":[186],"maintaining":[187],"clustering":[188],"performance.":[189],"Our":[190],"experiments":[191],"various":[193],"datasets":[194],"demonstrate":[195],"outperforms":[198],"other":[199],"algorithms":[201],"performs":[203],"comparably":[204],"centralized":[206],"IFCA,":[207],"even":[208],"under":[209],"highlighting":[212],"its":[213],"robustness":[214],"practicality":[216],"real-world":[219],"networks.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-03-03T00:00:00"}
