{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131102164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3666937","title":"Optical RIS-Based Coordinated FSO Relaying Networks","display_name":"Optical RIS-Based Coordinated FSO Relaying Networks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131102164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3666937"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2026.3666937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3666937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038400979","display_name":"Khac-Tuan Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4384-1753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khac-Tuan Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4384-1753","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126657349","display_name":"Sunghwan Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunghwan Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1762-5915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2193668,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"10","first_page":"21454","last_page":"21469"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.5120999813079834,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.5120999813079834,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.14030000567436218,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.11270000040531158,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-wireless","display_name":"Optical wireless","score":0.6047999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5705999732017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5217000246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","score":0.45739999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-communication","display_name":"Optical communication","score":0.44119998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-performance-monitoring","display_name":"Optical performance monitoring","score":0.4198000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.41190001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.38440001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.35370001196861267}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098907","display_name":"Optical wireless","level":3,"score":0.6047999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5705999732017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5318999886512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5217000246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4927000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.45739999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.44119998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26840048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098880","display_name":"Optical performance monitoring","level":4,"score":0.4198000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.41190001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.38440001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.35370001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197000039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2027432","display_name":"Free-space optical communication","level":3,"score":0.34389999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70979049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51831","display_name":"Optical Transport Network","level":5,"score":0.34139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.3330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160724564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620670","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192126672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068715","display_name":"Telecommunications network","level":2,"score":0.32030001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.3075999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.302700012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107021485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18385577","display_name":"Optical wireless communications","level":4,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143148639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876192","display_name":"Beam steering","level":3,"score":0.29840001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.2935999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45613198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134091","display_name":"Optical filter","level":2,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101336846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105111","display_name":"Optical switch","level":2,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2799000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62793504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228327","display_name":"Access network","level":2,"score":0.27810001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178029761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17037566","display_name":"Multiwavelength optical networking","level":5,"score":0.2700999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203274722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001161","display_name":"Network performance","level":2,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196129803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241448","display_name":"Optical cross-connect","level":3,"score":0.25600001215934753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2026.3666937","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2026.3666937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6127875447273254}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4122813459","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2023R1A2C1003546","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3],"novel":[4],"framework":[5],"for":[6,131],"coordinated":[7,55,92],"free-space":[8],"optical":[9,14,107,136,156],"(FSO)":[10],"relaying":[11,93],"networks":[12,77],"utilizing":[13],"reconfigurable":[15],"intelligent":[16],"surfaces":[17],"(ORISs),":[18],"aiming":[19],"to":[20,39,79,105],"enhance":[21,64],"overall":[22],"communication":[23,138],"performance.":[24],"By":[25],"intelligently":[26],"controlling":[27],"both":[28],"reflection":[29],"and":[30,63,84,151],"refraction":[31],"properties,":[32],"the":[33,42,73,89,111,132],"ORIS":[34,141],"enables":[35,144],"dynamic":[36],"beam":[37],"steering":[38],"effectively":[40],"mitigate":[41],"multiple-access":[43,145],"limitations":[44],"inherent":[45],"in":[46,72,154],"traditional":[47],"FSO":[48,76,100],"networks.":[49,157],"Exploiting":[50],"this":[51,126],"capability,":[52],"we":[53],"investigate":[54],"transmission":[56,108],"schemes":[57],"that":[58,88],"maximize":[59],"network":[60,94],"resource":[61],"utilization":[62],"signal":[65],"quality,":[66],"which":[67],"have":[68],"been":[69],"largely":[70],"underexplored":[71],"context":[74],"of":[75,134],"due":[78],"access":[80],"constraints.":[81],"Analytical":[82],"derivations":[83],"simulation":[85],"results":[86],"demonstrate":[87],"proposed":[90],"ORIS-assisted":[91],"significantly":[95],"outperforms":[96],"conventional":[97],"time-division":[98],"multiple-access-based":[99],"networks,":[101,139],"especially":[102],"under":[103],"moderate":[104],"high":[106],"power,":[109],"where":[110,140],"sum":[112],"ergodic":[113],"capacity":[114,150],"can":[115],"be":[116],"dramatically":[117],"increased,":[118],"potentially":[119],"even":[120],"doubled.":[121],"Building":[122],"on":[123],"these":[124],"findings,":[125],"study":[127],"provides":[128],"foundational":[129],"insights":[130],"development":[133],"next-generation":[135],"wireless":[137],"not":[142],"only":[143],"but":[146],"also":[147],"improves":[148],"link":[149],"energy":[152],"efficiency":[153],"mixed":[155]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-02-24T00:00:00"}