{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416798161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3638430","title":"Security-Driven SFC Deployment and Migration in Dynamic SAGIN Using Deception and Moving Target Defense","display_name":"Security-Driven SFC Deployment and Migration in Dynamic SAGIN Using Deception and Moving Target Defense","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416798161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3638430"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3638430","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3638430","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003388414","display_name":"C.K. Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3155-8452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changsong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","College of Electronic Information Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3155-8452","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Information Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101851953","display_name":"Ning Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1389-2469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087772","display_name":"National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of Chinar","ror":"https://ror.org/00247dh76","country_code":"CN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087772"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China (CNCERT/CC), Beijing, China","National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/ Coordination Center of China (CNCERT/CC), Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China (CNCERT/CC), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087772"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/ Coordination Center of China (CNCERT/CC), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087772"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077478765","display_name":"Hao Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4733-0125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","College of Electronic Information Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4733-0125","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Information Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024497475","display_name":"Gaopan Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6043-4167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaopan Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6043-4167","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29074329,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"3","first_page":"4886","last_page":"4900"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.6902999877929688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.6902999877929688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.062199998646974564,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.05480000004172325,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5644000172615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.45210000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deception","display_name":"Deception","score":0.4429999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtualization","display_name":"Virtualization","score":0.4088999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security-model","display_name":"Computer security model","score":0.38659998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-service","display_name":"Security service","score":0.38040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-policy","display_name":"Security policy","score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.3630000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"Network security","score":0.359499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-service","display_name":"Network service","score":0.3449999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8131999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5644000172615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4900999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.45210000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779267917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170028","display_name":"Deception","level":2,"score":0.4429999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4138000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513985346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270471","display_name":"Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.4088999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121822524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157582","display_name":"Computer security model","level":2,"score":0.38659998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29983905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445066","display_name":"Security service","level":3,"score":0.38040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154908896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2167404","display_name":"Security policy","level":2,"score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.3630000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.359499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3538999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779618445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640628","display_name":"Network service","level":2,"score":0.3449999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199168358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3367000","display_name":"Orchestration","level":3,"score":0.34049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200789330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7000834","display_name":"Network Functions Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.33379998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.3325999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138959212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806783","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","level":3,"score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62913178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554361","display_name":"Software security assurance","level":4,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.28850001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172191483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071806","display_name":"Provisioning","level":2,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77270119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1655198","display_name":"Software-defined networking","level":2,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83163435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3954104","display_name":"Security management","level":2,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.27079999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.26969999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13540734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318996","display_name":"Dynamic network analysis","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14982408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11006334","display_name":"Network Access Control","level":4,"score":0.2619999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117110713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3394676","display_name":"Network security policy","level":4,"score":0.25369998812675476}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3638430","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3638430","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G100057403","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024GX-ZDCYL-02-13","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4930386054","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62472335","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5331489779","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62221001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5675766232","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62472334","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7009261555","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62502370","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2336467084","https://openalex.org/W2505209768","https://openalex.org/W2794373515","https://openalex.org/W2883053505","https://openalex.org/W3106959531","https://openalex.org/W3119483972","https://openalex.org/W3119772281","https://openalex.org/W3128146732","https://openalex.org/W3131994420","https://openalex.org/W3135269587","https://openalex.org/W3153966928","https://openalex.org/W3212789951","https://openalex.org/W4206324092","https://openalex.org/W4206937425","https://openalex.org/W4226192790","https://openalex.org/W4285148832","https://openalex.org/W4309880845","https://openalex.org/W4312290145","https://openalex.org/W4312695224","https://openalex.org/W4313555721","https://openalex.org/W4320015795","https://openalex.org/W4320029348","https://openalex.org/W4385525334","https://openalex.org/W4387415129","https://openalex.org/W4388069798","https://openalex.org/W4388079427","https://openalex.org/W4389544541","https://openalex.org/W4390692374","https://openalex.org/W4390873376","https://openalex.org/W4393372309","https://openalex.org/W4402157312","https://openalex.org/W4402812090","https://openalex.org/W4403721535","https://openalex.org/W4410350909"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,7,85,112,144],"mainstream":[2],"architecture":[3],"for":[4],"6G":[5],"networks,":[6],"Space-Air-Ground":[8],"Integrated":[9],"Network":[10,20],"(SAGIN)":[11],"faces":[12],"dual":[13],"challenges":[14],"of":[15,87],"security":[16,44,56,73,100,116,149],"threats":[17],"introduced":[18,60],"by":[19,66,117,124,130],"Function":[21,33],"Virtualization":[22],"and":[23,30,50,75,101,126,151],"inherent":[24],"topology":[25,88],"dynamics,":[26,89],"necessitating":[27],"a":[28,41,67,90],"secure":[29],"flexible":[31],"Service":[32],"Chain":[34],"(SFC)":[35],"deployment":[36,69],"paradigm.":[37],"This":[38,140],"paper":[39],"proposes":[40],"novel":[42],"SFC":[43,115],"framework":[45,113],"integrating":[46],"Deception":[47],"Defense":[48,53],"(DD)":[49],"Moving":[51],"Target":[52],"(MTD).":[54],"A":[55],"assessment":[57],"model":[58],"is":[59,94],"to":[61,78,83,109],"quantify":[62],"virtualization":[63],"risks,":[64],"complemented":[65],"DD-driven":[68],"strategy":[70],"that":[71,107],"incorporates":[72],"awareness":[74],"load":[76,122],"balancing":[77,99,123],"enhance":[79],"attack":[80],"obfuscation.":[81],"Furthermore,":[82],"mitigate":[84],"impact":[86],"link-stability-aware":[91],"migration":[92,128],"algorithm":[93],"designed":[95],"with":[96],"MTD,":[97],"effectively":[98,142],"service":[102,134],"continuity.":[103],"Extensive":[104],"simulations":[105],"demonstrate":[106],"compared":[108],"conventional":[110],"methods,":[111],"improves":[114],"approximately":[118],"102%,":[119],"optimizes":[120],"network":[121],"23%,":[125],"reduces":[127],"frequency":[129],"31%,":[131],"thereby":[132],"ensuring":[133],"stability":[135],"in":[136,155],"highly":[137],"dynamic":[138],"scenarios.":[139],"work":[141],"bridges":[143],"critical":[145],"gap":[146],"between":[147],"proactive":[148],"enforcement":[150],"adaptive":[152],"resource":[153],"orchestration":[154],"SAGIN":[156],"environments.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-11-28T00:00:00"}
