{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416513086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3635661","title":"Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Assisted Distributed Collaborative Localization Algorithm for UAV Swarms","display_name":"Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Assisted Distributed Collaborative Localization Algorithm for UAV Swarms","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416513086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3635661"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3635661","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3635661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066964305","display_name":"Rong Zeng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rong Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018918251","display_name":"Xinwei Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4244-2311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinwei Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027587940","display_name":"Zaichen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4301-8713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaichen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101487553","display_name":"Na Ying","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1631-551X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Ying","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074786086","display_name":"Jianrong Bao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1720-853X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianrong Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016115267","display_name":"Afeng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5457-8112"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afeng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066964305"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42930532,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"6116","last_page":"6123"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.4041000008583069,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.4041000008583069,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.3409000039100647,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.0794999971985817,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-behaviour","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","score":0.6148999929428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.552299976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.4918999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.48260000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidimensional-scaling","display_name":"Multidimensional scaling","score":0.4174000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm-design","display_name":"Algorithm design","score":0.3840999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positioning-technology","display_name":"Positioning technology","score":0.3659000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-algorithm","display_name":"Distributed algorithm","score":0.34139999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.6148999929428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.552299976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5223000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.4918999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.48260000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91682802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620538","display_name":"Multidimensional scaling","level":2,"score":0.4174000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.3840999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778075934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning technology","level":2,"score":0.3659000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130120984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835898","display_name":"Distributed algorithm","level":2,"score":0.34139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning system","level":3,"score":0.3382999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119487961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863960","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","level":3,"score":0.329800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61326573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496376","display_name":"Gaussian process","level":3,"score":0.31029999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775973920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3252726","display_name":"Selection algorithm","level":3,"score":0.3084999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.30399999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185142706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134404","display_name":"Covariance matrix","level":2,"score":0.2648000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148764684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621751","display_name":"Approximation algorithm","level":2,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776104089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15894079","display_name":"Location awareness","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3635661","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3635661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3130550093","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62471126","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6525716051","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2242022k60001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8262031922","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2242022k60001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993436046","https://openalex.org/W2100456966","https://openalex.org/W2123792622","https://openalex.org/W2154020241","https://openalex.org/W2900210840","https://openalex.org/W2962691117","https://openalex.org/W2963899602","https://openalex.org/W2969584435","https://openalex.org/W3101399353","https://openalex.org/W3194412331","https://openalex.org/W4211222620","https://openalex.org/W4394585839","https://openalex.org/W4404035450"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"research":[1],"on":[2,10,22,56,92],"Unmanned":[3],"Aerial":[4],"Vehicle":[5],"(UAV)":[6],"localization":[7,39,74,131,160],"has":[8],"focused":[9],"enhancing":[11,159],"accuracy":[12],"by":[13,75,149],"incorporating":[14],"angle":[15],"information.":[16],"However,":[17],"this":[18],"requires":[19],"array":[20],"antennas":[21],"UAVs,":[23,153],"which":[24],"increases":[25],"costs":[26],"and":[27,59,80,113,158],"reduces":[28,130,145],"flight":[29],"endurance.":[30],"To":[31],"address":[32],"this,":[33],"we":[34],"propose":[35],"a":[36,60],"distributed,":[37],"collaborative":[38],"method":[40,53],"for":[41],"UAV":[42,103,147],"swarms,":[43],"integrating":[44],"Reconfigurable":[45],"Intelligent":[46],"Surface(RIS)":[47],"with":[48,65],"Multidimensional":[49],"Scaling":[50],"(MDS).":[51],"This":[52],"relies":[54],"solely":[55],"inter-UAV":[57,77],"ranging":[58],"subset":[61],"of":[62],"UAVs":[63,98],"equipped":[64],"Global":[66],"Positioning":[67],"System":[68],"(GPS).":[69],"The":[70,102],"proposed":[71,143],"algorithm":[72,129,144],"improves":[73],"leveraging":[76],"ranging,":[78],"RIS,":[79],"GPS-equipped":[81,146],"UAVs.":[82,140],"After":[83],"swarm":[84,155],"patching,":[85],"an":[86],"improved":[87],"node":[88],"selection":[89],"algorithm,":[90],"based":[91],"the":[93,109,128,142],"Nystr\u00f6m":[94],"approximation,":[95],"directs":[96],"RIS-equipped":[97,139,152],"to":[99],"designated":[100],"areas.":[101],"distance":[104],"matrix":[105],"is":[106],"refined":[107],"using":[108,137],"3\u03c3":[110],"Gaussian":[111],"principle":[112],"Rice":[114],"distribution":[115],"criteria,":[116],"while":[117],"MDS":[118],"computes":[119],"relative":[120],"coordinates":[121],"within":[122],"each":[123],"patch.":[124],"Simulations":[125],"show":[126],"that":[127],"error,":[132],"achieving":[133],"over":[134],"10%":[135],"improvement":[136],"multiple":[138],"Furthermore,":[141],"requirements":[148],"deploying":[150],"passive":[151],"extending":[154],"operation":[156],"duration":[157],"accuracy.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-11-23T00:00:00"}
