{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414798808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3617486","title":"DNN-Based Energy-Efficient Resource Management for Beam-Hopping LEO Satellite Communications","display_name":"DNN-Based Energy-Efficient Resource Management for Beam-Hopping LEO Satellite Communications","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414798808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3617486"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3617486","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3617486","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100334092","display_name":"Donghyeon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0697-4354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donghyeon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0697-4354","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002135635","display_name":"Haejoon Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1901-2784"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haejoon Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1901-2784","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040590227","display_name":"In-Ho Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-9781"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119060216","display_name":"Hankyong National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0031nsg68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119060216"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"In-Ho Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, South Korea","School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Anseong, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-9781","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119060216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Anseong, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119060216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091266202","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.32885726,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"1718","last_page":"1733"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.6564000248908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5702999830245972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.5364999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-satellite","display_name":"Communications satellite","score":0.5336999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.5141000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-programming","display_name":"Integer programming","score":0.5087000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-programming","display_name":"Nonlinear programming","score":0.4474000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.41260001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.39629998803138733}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.6564000248908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5702999830245972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5702000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5364999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.5336999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.5141000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56086750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592","display_name":"Integer programming","level":2,"score":0.5087000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115527620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769909","display_name":"Nonlinear programming","level":3,"score":0.4474000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.41260001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.39629998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.38420000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3749000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.36649999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.35659998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.34860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.3370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.3327000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.3294000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.32820001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3003000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729138","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.2621000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117313154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878344","display_name":"Time division multiple access","level":2,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3617486","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3617486","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3837867767","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2024- 00359235","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4274703554","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2022-NR069055","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971536112","https://openalex.org/W2096380022","https://openalex.org/W2140452629","https://openalex.org/W2172211108","https://openalex.org/W2211148590","https://openalex.org/W2248880694","https://openalex.org/W2517055986","https://openalex.org/W2797462110","https://openalex.org/W3013647277","https://openalex.org/W3086751733","https://openalex.org/W3172818029","https://openalex.org/W3195911184","https://openalex.org/W3212795962","https://openalex.org/W3215896701","https://openalex.org/W4210546541","https://openalex.org/W4312871425","https://openalex.org/W4315629999","https://openalex.org/W4316876992","https://openalex.org/W4321021721","https://openalex.org/W4323644407","https://openalex.org/W4386634601","https://openalex.org/W4388505126","https://openalex.org/W4389987808","https://openalex.org/W4390818793","https://openalex.org/W4391454546","https://openalex.org/W4393062363","https://openalex.org/W4393372257","https://openalex.org/W4394595049","https://openalex.org/W4399568696","https://openalex.org/W4400228793","https://openalex.org/W4402978519","https://openalex.org/W4403296885","https://openalex.org/W4407566295","https://openalex.org/W4408100216","https://openalex.org/W4410771553"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,68,87,103,133,154,188],"deep":[4,106],"neural":[5],"network":[6],"(DNN)-based":[7],"resource":[8],"allocation":[9,85,99,129],"framework":[10],"aimed":[11],"at":[12],"maximizing":[13],"energy":[14],"efficiency":[15,142],"(EE)":[16],"in":[17,27,178,191],"beam-hopping":[18],"(BH)":[19],"low-Earth":[20],"orbit":[21],"(LEO)":[22],"satellite":[23,29],"communication":[24],"systems.":[25],"Specifically,":[26],"BH-LEO":[28],"systems,":[30],"it":[31],"is":[32],"challenging":[33],"to":[34,48,70,119,143],"solve":[35],"the":[36,49,56,72,96,110,127,150,166],"joint":[37],"optimization":[38,156],"of":[39,55,112,152,180],"time":[40,83,97],"slot":[41,84,98],"scheduling":[42],"and":[43,52,86,115,122,169,175,183],"transmit":[44,92,146],"power":[45,93,128],"control,":[46],"due":[47],"intrinsic":[50],"complexity":[51],"non-convex":[53,155],"nature":[54],"original":[57],"mixed-integer":[58],"nonlinear":[59,88],"programming":[60,80,89],"formulation.":[61],"To":[62],"mitigate":[63],"this":[64],"issue,":[65],"we":[66,101,131],"propose":[67],"strategy":[69],"decompose":[71],"problem":[73,157],"into":[74],"two":[75],"tractable":[76],"subproblems:":[77],"an":[78],"integer":[79],"model":[81,90,138],"for":[82,91,126,158],"allocation.":[94],"For":[95],"subproblem,":[100,130],"employ":[102],"dueling":[104,114],"double":[105,116],"Q-network":[107],"(D3QN),":[108],"combining":[109],"strengths":[111],"both":[113,181],"Q-learning":[117],"techniques":[118],"enable":[120],"stable":[121],"efficient":[123],"decision-making.":[124],"Then,":[125],"design":[132],"novel":[134],"unsupervised":[135],"DNN":[136],"(UDNN)-based":[137],"that":[139,165],"estimates":[140],"spectral":[141],"indirectly":[144],"determine":[145],"power,":[147],"thereby":[148],"avoiding":[149],"difficulties":[151],"solving":[153],"EE":[159,182],"maximization.":[160],"Extensive":[161],"simulation":[162],"results":[163],"show":[164],"proposed":[167],"D3QN":[168],"UDNN-based":[170],"schemes":[171],"outperform":[172],"existing":[173],"iterative":[174],"DNN-based":[176],"approaches":[177],"terms":[179],"outage":[184],"performance,":[185],"while":[186],"achieving":[187],"significant":[189],"reduction":[190],"computational":[192],"overhead.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-14T23:40:02.550235","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}