{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7082973671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3613414","title":"Performance Evaluations for RIS-Assisted GF-NOMA in Satellite-Aerial-Terrestrial Integrated Networks","display_name":"Performance Evaluations for RIS-Assisted GF-NOMA in Satellite-Aerial-Terrestrial Integrated Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7082973671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3613414"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3613414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3613414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Haiyan Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3755-2821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133134087","display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03144pv92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiyan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3755-2821","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Dongjie Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2301-1674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133134087","display_name":"Lanzhou Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03144pv92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongjie Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2301-1674","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133134087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Linlin Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7633-9954"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linlin Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7633-9954","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Fuhui Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6880-6244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuhui Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6880-6244","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Nina Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nina Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Comprehensive Information Support Center, Shaanxi General Staff of PAP, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Comprehensive Information Support Center, Shaanxi General Staff of PAP, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7588,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90885842,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":"325","last_page":"338"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.7078999876976013,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.7078999876976013,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13067","display_name":"Geological Modeling and Analysis","score":0.02800000086426735,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14311","display_name":"Electrical and Electromagnetic Research","score":0.015300000086426735,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7117000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.6385999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5730999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-equipment","display_name":"User equipment","score":0.48890000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.48820000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.46459999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-satellite","display_name":"Communications satellite","score":0.4341000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.43389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.4034000039100647}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8012999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7117000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.6385999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5730999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5245000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781327853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3552547","display_name":"User equipment","level":3,"score":0.48890000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.48820000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.46459999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.4341000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.43389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.40700000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.4034000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778258436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30672262","display_name":"Outage probability","level":4,"score":0.3767000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.37549999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116544410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478122","display_name":"Shadow mapping","level":2,"score":0.37229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.3587999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779609627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6554308","display_name":"Link level","level":2,"score":0.3578999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203274722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001161","display_name":"Network performance","level":2,"score":0.34360000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.34139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.3395000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.33379998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192126672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068715","display_name":"Telecommunications network","level":2,"score":0.329800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.3257000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776292839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179217","display_name":"Coverage probability","level":3,"score":0.31949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107645828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12070446","display_name":"System model","level":2,"score":0.3025999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.2915000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.2793000042438507}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3613414","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3613414","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1825730404","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62461032","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3553967059","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZDYF2304","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4132651293","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001359","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972485395","https://openalex.org/W2040515219","https://openalex.org/W2122172954","https://openalex.org/W2149200615","https://openalex.org/W2344901047","https://openalex.org/W2954910960","https://openalex.org/W2975208138","https://openalex.org/W3008976419","https://openalex.org/W3016251777","https://openalex.org/W3027993135","https://openalex.org/W3035056898","https://openalex.org/W3119981021","https://openalex.org/W3159568408","https://openalex.org/W3192976441","https://openalex.org/W3203478405","https://openalex.org/W3210007685","https://openalex.org/W3217259041","https://openalex.org/W4309805845","https://openalex.org/W4312312028","https://openalex.org/W4312629554","https://openalex.org/W4323022424","https://openalex.org/W4362500847","https://openalex.org/W4375928939","https://openalex.org/W4380839029","https://openalex.org/W4381748153","https://openalex.org/W4385520466","https://openalex.org/W4386446966","https://openalex.org/W4389076523","https://openalex.org/W4389961260","https://openalex.org/W4392153337","https://openalex.org/W4392406310","https://openalex.org/W4394564383","https://openalex.org/W4402774286","https://openalex.org/W4403024259","https://openalex.org/W4403210458","https://openalex.org/W4403277453","https://openalex.org/W4406011994","https://openalex.org/W4406657864","https://openalex.org/W4406689853","https://openalex.org/W4409152290","https://openalex.org/W4411086504","https://openalex.org/W4411336818"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Satellite-terrestrial":[0],"integrated":[1,62],"network":[2,14,25,63],"is":[3,108,231],"regarded":[4],"as":[5],"an":[6,154],"effective":[7],"solution":[8],"to":[9,33,44,76,168,225,233],"address":[10],"the":[11,28,35,90,118,133,146,157,173,181,189,209,236],"issues":[12],"of":[13,24,121,172,183,192,239,241,248],"coverage":[15,81],"blind":[16],"spots":[17],"in":[18,110,221],"remote":[19],"areas":[20],"and":[21,39,46,71,80,87,125,137,149,161,219,245],"uneven":[22],"distribution":[23],"resources.":[26],"However,":[27],"limited":[29],"spectrum":[30],"resources":[31],"fail":[32],"meet":[34],"ever-growing":[36],"user":[37,101,123,127],"demands,":[38],"satellite-to-ground":[40],"communications":[41],"are":[42,129,143,202],"susceptible":[43],"obstruction":[45],"shadowing":[47,207],"effects,":[48,208],"which":[49,132],"compromise":[50],"signal":[51],"transmission":[52,88],"quality.":[53],"To":[54,83],"this":[55,57],"end,":[56],"paper":[58],"investigates":[59],"a":[60,93],"satellite-aerial-terrestrial":[61],"(SATIN)":[64],"enhanced":[65],"by":[66,206],"reconfigurable":[67],"intelligent":[68],"surfaces":[69],"(RIS)":[70],"unmanned":[72],"aerial":[73],"vehicles":[74],"(UAV)":[75],"bolster":[77],"communication":[78,112],"reliability":[79],"capabilities.":[82],"reduce":[84],"signaling":[85],"overhead":[86],"delay,":[89],"satellite":[91,147,200],"employs":[92],"grant-free":[94],"non-orthogonal":[95],"multiple":[96],"access":[97],"(GF-NOMA)":[98],"protocol":[99],"for":[100,117,145,156],"communications.":[102],"Considering":[103],"that":[104,179],"co-channel":[105],"interference":[106],"(CCI)":[107],"inevitable":[109],"practical":[111],"scenarios,":[113],"exact":[114],"analytical":[115],"expressions":[116],"outage":[119,159,196,214],"probabilities":[120],"near":[122],"(UN)":[124],"far":[126],"(UF)":[128],"derived":[130],"under":[131],"shadowed-Rician":[134],"fading":[135,141],"model":[136,142],"Nakagami-<italic":[138],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[139],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">m</i>":[140],"employed":[144],"link":[148],"terrestrial":[150],"link,":[151],"respectively.":[152],"Furthermore,":[153],"expression":[155],"system":[158,174,195,211,228],"probability":[160],"energy":[162],"efficiency":[163],"(EE)":[164],"have":[165],"been":[166],"provided":[167],"facilitate":[169],"further":[170],"evaluation":[171],"performance.":[175,197],"Simulation":[176],"results":[177],"demonstrate":[178],"increasing":[180],"number":[182,240],"RIS":[184,242],"reflecting":[185,243],"elements":[186,244],"effectively":[187],"mitigates":[188],"adverse":[190],"impact":[191],"CCI":[193],"on":[194,251],"Even":[198],"when":[199],"links":[201],"more":[203],"severely":[204],"affected":[205],"proposed":[210],"maintains":[212],"excellent":[213],"performance,":[215],"verifying":[216],"its":[217],"robustness":[218],"applicability":[220],"complex":[222],"environments.":[223],"Additionally,":[224],"achieve":[226],"optimal":[227],"EE,":[229],"it":[230],"crucial":[232],"dynamically":[234],"adjust":[235],"configuration":[237],"parameters":[238],"transmit":[246],"power":[247],"UAV":[249],"based":[250],"specific":[252],"application":[253],"scenarios.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
