{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412567155","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3591700","title":"Optimizing Dynamic Spectrum Sharing in UAV-Assisted Networks: Hybrid Two-Stage Stackelberg Game Approach","display_name":"Optimizing Dynamic Spectrum Sharing in UAV-Assisted Networks: Hybrid Two-Stage Stackelberg Game Approach","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412567155","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3591700"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3591700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3591700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100739881","display_name":"Qin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1142-1340"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1142-1340","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100455055","display_name":"Zeyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5593-8299"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062531812","display_name":"Mei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9234-2515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information of Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information of Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100390094","display_name":"Haitao Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3539-3532"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haitao Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3539-3532","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100755735","display_name":"Hongbo Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1032-4434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongbo Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1032-4434","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22220838,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"19","first_page":"40517","last_page":"40530"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.972599983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9229999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stackelberg-competition","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","score":0.8822517395019531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.788756251335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.503961980342865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3522966802120209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3396691083908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3360520601272583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08876389265060425}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199510392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184602","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","level":2,"score":0.8822517395019531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.788756251335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.503961980342865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3522966802120209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3396691083908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3360520601272583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08876389265060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3591700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3591700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2164956086","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BE2022068-2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327777","funder_display_name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G72773861","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24B20187","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7290676604","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"92367302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327777","display_name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1942732369","https://openalex.org/W2055506820","https://openalex.org/W2230363279","https://openalex.org/W2331242999","https://openalex.org/W2336650418","https://openalex.org/W2343710647","https://openalex.org/W2504115418","https://openalex.org/W2530513728","https://openalex.org/W2786239590","https://openalex.org/W2902796038","https://openalex.org/W2963494324","https://openalex.org/W3091353823","https://openalex.org/W3118962670","https://openalex.org/W3126231776","https://openalex.org/W4301430872","https://openalex.org/W4306839736","https://openalex.org/W4324116592","https://openalex.org/W4385287226","https://openalex.org/W4385731917","https://openalex.org/W4386511875","https://openalex.org/W4387869679","https://openalex.org/W4390659130","https://openalex.org/W4391742358","https://openalex.org/W4391743018","https://openalex.org/W4393189135","https://openalex.org/W4393902581","https://openalex.org/W4396542840","https://openalex.org/W4399882840","https://openalex.org/W4400198567","https://openalex.org/W4401210798","https://openalex.org/W4401538877","https://openalex.org/W4402895031","https://openalex.org/W4403827295","https://openalex.org/W4405394133","https://openalex.org/W4408145474"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987562536","https://openalex.org/W4383533535","https://openalex.org/W2375814310","https://openalex.org/W4255938919","https://openalex.org/W2903244929","https://openalex.org/W2321381430","https://openalex.org/W2605497830","https://openalex.org/W3169439878","https://openalex.org/W4411484337","https://openalex.org/W2948291551"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,58,99,111],"the":[1,4,89,100,112,127,139,150],"5G":[2],"era,":[3],"demand":[5],"for":[6,17,65,142],"high-quality":[7],"communication":[8,169],"services":[9],"has":[10],"rendered":[11],"spectrum":[12,35,76,130,155],"resources":[13],"increasingly":[14],"scarce,":[15],"particularly":[16,157],"remote":[18,71,121],"users":[19],"(UEs).":[20],"Unmanned":[21],"Aerial":[22],"Vehicles":[23],"(UAVs)":[24],"provide":[25],"a":[26,40],"viable":[27],"solution":[28],"to":[29,69],"this":[30,59],"challenge":[31],"by":[32,50,173],"facilitating":[33],"dynamic":[34,55],"sharing.":[36],"This":[37],"paper":[38],"proposes":[39],"hybrid":[41],"two-stage":[42],"Stackelberg":[43],"game":[44],"model":[45,94,152],"that":[46,149],"enhances":[47],"UAV-assisted":[48,168],"communications":[49],"integrating":[51],"both":[52],"static":[53],"and":[54,78,132,145,161,164],"spectrum-sharing":[56],"strategies.":[57],"model,":[60],"UAVs":[61,103,115],"serve":[62,70],"as":[63,105,109,171],"relays":[64],"base":[66],"stations":[67],"(BSs)":[68],"UEs.":[72,122,146],"They":[73],"can":[74],"optimize":[75],"allocation":[77],"negotiate":[79],"pricing":[80,133],"directly":[81],"with":[82,107,120],"UEs":[83],"instead":[84],"of":[85,129],"BS,":[86,143],"thereby":[87],"reducing":[88],"burden":[90],"on":[91,126,135],"BS.":[92],"The":[93],"operates":[95],"in":[96,118],"two":[97],"stages:":[98],"first":[101],"stage,":[102,114],"act":[104],"followers":[106],"BS":[108],"leaders;":[110],"second":[113],"become":[116],"leaders":[117],"interactions":[119],"Our":[123],"analysis":[124],"focuses":[125],"effects":[128],"sharing":[131],"strategies":[134],"system":[136],"performance,":[137],"emphasizing":[138],"enhanced":[140],"utility":[141],"UAVs,":[144],"We":[147],"demonstrate":[148],"proposed":[151],"significantly":[153],"improves":[154],"efficiency,":[156],"under":[158],"high-demand":[159],"conditions,":[160],"maintains":[162],"stable":[163],"efficient":[165],"operations":[166],"within":[167],"systems,":[170],"supported":[172],"simulation":[174],"results.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
