{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411688094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3583280","title":"Collaborative Communication for Edge LLM Servicing in Adversarial Networks: An MARL-Empowered Stackelberg Game Approach","display_name":"Collaborative Communication for Edge LLM Servicing in Adversarial Networks: An MARL-Empowered Stackelberg Game Approach","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411688094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3583280"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3583280","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3583280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Liqi Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6383-050X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liqi Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6383-050X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086911783","display_name":"Shengli Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1904-6557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengli Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1904-6557","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Fan Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3306-6563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112430","display_name":"Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Health and Family Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/022z3g211","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112430"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Digital Infrastructure, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Information Center, Nanning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3306-6563","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Digital Infrastructure, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Information Center, Nanning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112430"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027982736","display_name":"Chengbo Jiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengbo Jiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Security, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1747,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92411123,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"20","first_page":"41309","last_page":"41317"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9036999940872192,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9036999940872192,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stackelberg-competition","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","score":0.8514376282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8118009567260742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.7152614593505859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.6045938730239868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.5146601796150208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4553750455379486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.412631630897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3441646099090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2912735641002655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19835776090621948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.09712722897529602}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199510392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184602","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","level":2,"score":0.8514376282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8118009567260742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.7152614593505859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.6045938730239868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.5146601796150208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4553750455379486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.412631630897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3441646099090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2912735641002655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19835776090621948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.09712722897529602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3583280","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3583280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1809975003","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271066","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057913812","https://openalex.org/W2964229305","https://openalex.org/W3016632787","https://openalex.org/W3088893925","https://openalex.org/W3210090000","https://openalex.org/W4285107094","https://openalex.org/W4285166735","https://openalex.org/W4292263648","https://openalex.org/W4297574787","https://openalex.org/W4297964528","https://openalex.org/W4312588618","https://openalex.org/W4312997264","https://openalex.org/W4313120151","https://openalex.org/W4385191450","https://openalex.org/W4399666160","https://openalex.org/W4404034470","https://openalex.org/W4405429635","https://openalex.org/W4405520875","https://openalex.org/W4406207083","https://openalex.org/W4407315431","https://openalex.org/W4408017080","https://openalex.org/W4408145399","https://openalex.org/W4409102078"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987562536","https://openalex.org/W4383533535","https://openalex.org/W2375814310","https://openalex.org/W4255938919","https://openalex.org/W2903244929","https://openalex.org/W4380353856","https://openalex.org/W2605497830","https://openalex.org/W3169439878","https://openalex.org/W4411484337","https://openalex.org/W2948291551"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,7,10,19,72,132,140,147],"rapid":[2],"expansion":[3],"of":[4,9,134,142,150],"IoT":[5],"and":[6,15,44,77,93,108,145],"advent":[8],"6G":[11],"era,":[12],"ensuring":[13],"efficient":[14],"secure":[16],"communication":[17,63],"for":[18],"edge":[20,68,75,85,103,118,151],"large":[21],"language":[22],"model":[23],"(LLM)":[24],"servicing":[25],"has":[26],"become":[27],"a":[28,38,49,81],"critical":[29],"priority.":[30],"However,":[31],"malicious":[32,78,94,110,143],"relay":[33,91],"nodes":[34,79,95,144],"injecting":[35],"delays":[36],"pose":[37],"significant":[39],"threat":[40],"to":[41,61,105,120],"network":[42,127],"performance":[43],"security.":[45],"This":[46],"paper":[47],"proposes":[48],"novel":[50],"framework":[51,115],"combining":[52],"Stackelberg":[53,82],"Game":[54],"theory":[55],"with":[56],"Multi-Agent":[57],"Reinforcement":[58],"Learning":[59],"(MARL)":[60],"mitigate":[62],"delay":[64],"injection":[65],"attacks":[66],"in":[67,137],"networks.":[69],"By":[70],"modeling":[71],"interaction":[73],"between":[74],"devices":[76,86,104],"as":[80,88,96],"Game,":[83],"where":[84],"act":[87],"followers":[89],"optimizing":[90],"strategies":[92,124],"leaders":[97],"seeking":[98],"disruption,":[99],"our":[100,135],"approach":[101],"enables":[102],"cooperatively":[106],"identify":[107],"avoid":[109],"nodes.":[111],"The":[112],"distributed":[113],"MARL":[114],"allows":[116],"each":[117],"device":[119],"learn":[121],"their":[122],"optimal":[123],"independently,":[125],"enhancing":[126],"resilience.":[128],"Experimental":[129],"results":[130],"demonstrate":[131],"effectiveness":[133],"scheme":[136],"effectively":[138],"reducing":[139],"impact":[141],"improving":[146],"deployment":[148],"capability":[149],"computing":[152],"services.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
