{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411142906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3578027","title":"Opportunistic ISAC for Rain Microphysical Parameters Estimation Using LOS-MIMO Systems","display_name":"Opportunistic ISAC for Rain Microphysical Parameters Estimation Using LOS-MIMO Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411142906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3578027"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3578027","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3578027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084938001","display_name":"Congzheng Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9256-5452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167383011","display_name":"Henan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d80kz58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72565114","display_name":"Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nraex26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72565114"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Congzheng Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology Innovation Center of Intelligent System, Longmen Laboratory, Luoyang, China","College of Information Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology Innovation Center of Intelligent System, Longmen Laboratory, Luoyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72565114"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019644496","display_name":"Baofeng Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8021-126X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167383011","display_name":"Henan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d80kz58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72565114","display_name":"Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nraex26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72565114"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baofeng Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology Innovation Center of Intelligent System, Longmen Laboratory, Luoyang, China","College of Information Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology Innovation Center of Intelligent System, Longmen Laboratory, Luoyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72565114"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025337794","display_name":"Gaoyuan Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167383011","display_name":"Henan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d80kz58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72565114","display_name":"Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nraex26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72565114"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaoyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology Innovation Center of Intelligent System, Longmen Laboratory, Luoyang, China","College of Information Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology Innovation Center of Intelligent System, Longmen Laboratory, Luoyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72565114"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167383011"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050768867","display_name":"Juan Huo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3241-3021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Huo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103915976","display_name":"Yongheng Bi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152758","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0424h4e32","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongheng Bi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152758","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152758","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058294237","display_name":"Weidong Nan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152758","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0424h4e32","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weidong Nan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xianghe Observatory of Whole Atmosphere, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xianghe Observatory of Whole Atmosphere, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152758","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065165121","display_name":"Qixing Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173632517","display_name":"MediaTek (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05xvgy636","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173632517","https://openalex.org/I4210148979"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qixing Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Communication Software Department, MediaTek, Cambourne, U.K","MediaTek, Cambourne, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Communication Software Department, MediaTek, Cambourne, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173632517"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MediaTek, Cambourne, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113218481","display_name":"G. G. Xin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152758","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0424h4e32","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guohui Xin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Public Technology Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Public Technology Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Technology Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Public Technology Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152758","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033289888","display_name":"Siming Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1833-1022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siming Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100432793","display_name":"Peng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4808-3784"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030983320","display_name":"Yele Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2354-0221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152758","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0424h4e32","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yele Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of Atmospheric Physics, State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152758","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics, State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152758","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084938001"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167383011","https://openalex.org/I72565114"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17128234,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"5503","last_page":"5516"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7072579860687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.600420355796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.525409460067749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3286794424057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2564590275287628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.13819673657417297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.0921545922756195}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7072579860687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.600420355796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.525409460067749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3286794424057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2564590275287628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.13819673657417297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0921545922756195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3578027","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3578027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G255031796","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271192","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2776595721","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42275081","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4368600704","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFC3010700","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5261930019","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42027803","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5430684331","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62172142","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G637990611","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20231148","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334982","funder_display_name":"Basic Research Program of Jiangsu Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334982","display_name":"Basic Research Program of Jiangsu Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1528090558","https://openalex.org/W1541301784","https://openalex.org/W1974000214","https://openalex.org/W1977070284","https://openalex.org/W1980267524","https://openalex.org/W1986557149","https://openalex.org/W1991616057","https://openalex.org/W1993617157","https://openalex.org/W2002456419","https://openalex.org/W2012256574","https://openalex.org/W2025827658","https://openalex.org/W2032887992","https://openalex.org/W2034563918","https://openalex.org/W2047979806","https://openalex.org/W2062656075","https://openalex.org/W2075309861","https://openalex.org/W2103472722","https://openalex.org/W2103713274","https://openalex.org/W2111349248","https://openalex.org/W2112492632","https://openalex.org/W2129472875","https://openalex.org/W2134790395","https://openalex.org/W2135815859","https://openalex.org/W2135857223","https://openalex.org/W2138099605","https://openalex.org/W2143127988","https://openalex.org/W2148089951","https://openalex.org/W2151339364","https://openalex.org/W2163142353","https://openalex.org/W2164736255","https://openalex.org/W2167954354","https://openalex.org/W2171905601","https://openalex.org/W2172421843","https://openalex.org/W2290544215","https://openalex.org/W2291321711","https://openalex.org/W2346714659","https://openalex.org/W2427477319","https://openalex.org/W2527152468","https://openalex.org/W2572339926","https://openalex.org/W2593762851","https://openalex.org/W2604652253","https://openalex.org/W2738941405","https://openalex.org/W2770109518","https://openalex.org/W2793673469","https://openalex.org/W2795662228","https://openalex.org/W2808726835","https://openalex.org/W2900873175","https://openalex.org/W2911245023","https://openalex.org/W2947326413","https://openalex.org/W2957457776","https://openalex.org/W2962980798","https://openalex.org/W2964734719","https://openalex.org/W2998003141","https://openalex.org/W3013168438","https://openalex.org/W3013806117","https://openalex.org/W3016131642","https://openalex.org/W3028395677","https://openalex.org/W3032621852","https://openalex.org/W3039945238","https://openalex.org/W3045473835","https://openalex.org/W3046873241","https://openalex.org/W3119625324","https://openalex.org/W3133559876","https://openalex.org/W3162827560","https://openalex.org/W3167943024","https://openalex.org/W4205940831","https://openalex.org/W4212814001","https://openalex.org/W4221076368","https://openalex.org/W4311630619","https://openalex.org/W4313856045","https://openalex.org/W4388937271","https://openalex.org/W4390576916","https://openalex.org/W4402261248"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,114],"line-of-sight":[1],"multiple-input":[2],"multiple-output":[3],"(LOS-MIMO)":[4],"has":[5],"emerged":[6],"as":[7,87],"a":[8,88],"potential":[9,145,172],"solution":[10,169],"for":[11,72,80,97,110,146,176],"increasing":[12],"spectral":[13],"efficiency":[14],"in":[15,56,65,139],"dense":[16],"urban":[17],"microwave":[18,148],"links,":[19],"given":[20],"limited":[21],"spectrum":[22],"resources.":[23],"Phase":[24],"variation":[25],"and":[26,39,93,136,180],"power":[27],"attenuation":[28],"may":[29],"introduce":[30],"uncertainty":[31,55],"to":[32,127,150,154,173],"the":[33,40,51,57,104,121,131,140,144,186,189],"channel":[34,37],"estimation,":[35],"affecting":[36],"capacity":[38],"performance":[41],"of":[42,53,59,106,116,123,134,188],"interference":[43],"cancellation":[44],"by":[45],"zero-forcing":[46],"receivers.":[47],"This":[48,100,166],"paper":[49,101],"investigates":[50],"impact":[52],"this":[54],"presence":[58],"rain.":[60],"Commercial":[61],"backhaul":[62,108,168],"links":[63,149],"(CMLs)":[64],"cellular":[66],"networks":[67],"are":[68,84],"not":[69],"only":[70],"essential":[71],"data":[73,118,162,191],"transmission":[74],"but":[75],"have":[76],"also":[77,102,164],"proven":[78],"useful":[79],"rainfall":[81],"monitoring.":[82],"They":[83],"now":[85],"emerging":[86],"new":[89,167],"opportunistic":[90],"integrated":[91],"sensing":[92],"communication":[94],"(OISAC)":[95],"application":[96],"weather":[98,181],"sensing.":[99],"studies":[103],"use":[105],"LOS-MIMO":[107,147],"technology":[109],"rain":[111,124,155],"rate":[112],"estimation.":[113],"availability":[115],"multiple":[117],"streams":[119],"allows":[120],"number":[122,133],"estimation":[125],"values":[126],"increase":[128],"linearly":[129],"with":[130,185],"minimum":[132],"transmit":[135],"receive":[137],"antennas":[138],"MIMO":[141],"link,":[142],"Additionally,":[143],"retrieve":[151],"parameters":[152],"related":[153],"drop":[156],"size":[157],"distribution":[158],"based":[159],"on":[160],"measurement":[161],"is":[163],"explored.":[165],"shows":[170],"great":[171],"be":[174],"used":[175],"near-ground":[177],"environmental":[178],"monitoring":[179],"prediction":[182],"studies,":[183],"particularly":[184],"advent":[187],"big":[190],"era.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
