{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410614101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3572893","title":"Trustworthy AI for 6G-IoV: A Privacy-Preserved Distributed Multiagent Federated DRL for Dynamic Electric Vehicle Charging and Task Offloading","display_name":"Trustworthy AI for 6G-IoV: A Privacy-Preserved Distributed Multiagent Federated DRL for Dynamic Electric Vehicle Charging and Task Offloading","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410614101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3572893"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3572893","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3572893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066894433","display_name":"Anal Paul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7257-3073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99908691","display_name":"Yuan Ze University","ror":"https://ror.org/01fv1ds98","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anal Paul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7257-3073","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071647281","display_name":"Keshav Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9028-4518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142974352","display_name":"National Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mjawt10","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keshav Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9028-4518","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0534,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93445209,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"5","first_page":"7785","last_page":"7800"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9368000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8318088054656982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trustworthiness","display_name":"Trustworthiness","score":0.6643742322921753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6030331254005432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-agent-system","display_name":"Multi-agent system","score":0.5567074418067932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5402493476867676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.44123563170433044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.39631229639053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.38291454315185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17832717299461365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07134273648262024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.06770962476730347}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8318088054656982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153701036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659974","display_name":"Trustworthiness","level":2,"score":0.6643742322921753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6030331254005432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41550386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529909","display_name":"Multi-agent system","level":2,"score":0.5567074418067932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5402493476867676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.44123563170433044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.39631229639053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.38291454315185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17832717299461365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07134273648262024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.06770962476730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3572893","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3572893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6467049680","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSTC 114-2222-E-155-005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F2461203286","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6544711858","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSTC 112-2221-E-110-038-MY3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F2461203286","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7881646666","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSTC 113-2218-E-110-009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F2461203286","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F2461203286","display_name":"National Science and Technology Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076536433","https://openalex.org/W90316445","https://openalex.org/W4327743613","https://openalex.org/W2965447900","https://openalex.org/W3199750033","https://openalex.org/W4391815708","https://openalex.org/W2374509987","https://openalex.org/W3163373470","https://openalex.org/W3005856188","https://openalex.org/W1898221464"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"electric":[1],"vehicles":[2],"(EVs)":[3],"join":[4],"the":[5,71,78,110,133],"6G":[6],"Internet":[7],"of":[8,131,138],"Vehicles":[9],"(6G-IoV),":[10],"they":[11],"must":[12],"charge":[13],"while":[14],"moving":[15],"and":[16,25,99,118,135],"process":[17],"data":[18,86],"in":[19,105],"real":[20,106],"time.":[21,107],"Static":[22],"plug-in":[23],"charging":[24],"on-board":[26],"CPUs":[27],"cannot":[28],"meet":[29],"these":[30],"dual":[31],"demands.":[32],"We":[33],"therefore":[34],"combine":[35],"two":[36],"technologies.":[37],"First,":[38],"wireless":[39],"power":[40],"transfer":[41],"(WPT)":[42],"on":[43],"electrified":[44],"roads":[45],"(eROAD)":[46],"keeps":[47,84],"an":[48,127],"EV\u2019s":[49],"battery":[50],"topped":[51],"up":[52],"throughout":[53],"its":[54],"trip.":[55],"Second,":[56],"a":[57,73],"privacy-preserved":[58],"multi-agent":[59],"federated":[60],"deep-RL":[61],"(MA-FDRL)":[62],"framework":[63],"decides,":[64],"every":[65],"slot,":[66],"where":[67],"each":[68],"task":[69],"runs\u2014on":[70],"vehicle,":[72],"roadside":[74],"unit":[75],"(RSU),":[76],"or":[77],"base":[79],"station":[80],"(BS).":[81],"Federated":[82],"learning":[83,95],"raw":[85],"local;":[87],"differential":[88],"privacy":[89,136],"protects":[90],"model":[91],"updates;":[92],"deep":[93],"reinforcement":[94],"allocates":[96],"radio,":[97],"compute,":[98],"energy":[100],"resources":[101],"for":[102],"many":[103],"agents":[104],"Experiments":[108],"show":[109],"scheme":[111],"cuts":[112],"task-offloading":[113],"latency,":[114],"balances":[115],"edge-server":[116],"load,":[117],"scales":[119],"gracefully":[120],"with":[121],"network":[122],"size.":[123],"The":[124],"outcome":[125],"suggests":[126],"energy-conscious":[128],"architecture":[129],"capable":[130],"meeting":[132],"low-latency":[134],"needs":[137],"6G-IoV.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-02-21T06:11:54.161237","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}