{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408860263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3554779","title":"A 2-Bit Millimeter-Wave Reconfigurable Folded Reflectarray Antenna With Electronically Tunable Liquid Crystal for IoV Sensing and Communication","display_name":"A 2-Bit Millimeter-Wave Reconfigurable Folded Reflectarray Antenna With Electronically Tunable Liquid Crystal for IoV Sensing and Communication","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408860263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3554779"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3554779","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3554779","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100413042","display_name":"Ping Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1211-4190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and the School of Communications and Information Engineering, Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1211-4190","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and the School of Communications and Information Engineering, Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Longyu Rao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Longyu Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and the School of Communications and Information Engineering, Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and the School of Communications and Information Engineering, Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109493801","display_name":"Tian Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-2957"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and the School of Communications and Information Engineering, Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and the School of Communications and Information Engineering, Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055577462","display_name":"Bo Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9630-0574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and the School of Communications and Information Engineering, Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9630-0574","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and the School of Communications and Information Engineering, Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Advanced Sciences, Space Communication Research Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Technology, Engineering Research Center of Mobile Communications of the Ministry of Education, and School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102727897","display_name":"Wensong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5773-8335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wensong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Aerospace Information Research Institute, National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5773-8335","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8204,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8979706,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"12","first_page":"22554","last_page":"22563"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9797999858856201,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.6756579875946045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6232783198356628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit","display_name":"Bit (key)","score":0.5477617383003235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconfigurable-antenna","display_name":"Reconfigurable antenna","score":0.5317453145980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4951154291629791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directional-antenna","display_name":"Directional antenna","score":0.44588789343833923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.4445713758468628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.42116445302963257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.33838194608688354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.30053287744522095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.26227957010269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstrip-antenna","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","score":0.25434255599975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.21757397055625916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-efficiency","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","score":0.1931154429912567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1252562403678894}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.6756579875946045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6232783198356628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117011727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1278488","display_name":"Bit (key)","level":2,"score":0.5477617383003235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131369404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554278","display_name":"Reconfigurable antenna","level":5,"score":0.5317453145980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4951154291629791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64671776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"Directional antenna","level":3,"score":0.44588789343833923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4445713758468628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.42116445302963257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.33838194608688354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.30053287744522095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.26227957010269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170349913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13402882","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","level":3,"score":0.25434255599975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.21757397055625916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160844929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55604036","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","level":4,"score":0.1931154429912567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1252562403678894}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3554779","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3554779","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7235744120","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A 2023-92","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322687","funder_display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8912192593","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322687","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74684567","https://openalex.org/W2021111470","https://openalex.org/W2114462485","https://openalex.org/W2313379192","https://openalex.org/W2603613955","https://openalex.org/W2789993058","https://openalex.org/W2803617750","https://openalex.org/W2886728826","https://openalex.org/W2910854687","https://openalex.org/W2943724421","https://openalex.org/W2988633425","https://openalex.org/W2991764097","https://openalex.org/W3010985552","https://openalex.org/W3023867911","https://openalex.org/W3037331710","https://openalex.org/W3134917724","https://openalex.org/W3201867532","https://openalex.org/W3206011455","https://openalex.org/W4226442607","https://openalex.org/W4285190994","https://openalex.org/W4309482692","https://openalex.org/W4312371207","https://openalex.org/W4319068613","https://openalex.org/W4319990085","https://openalex.org/W4383503784","https://openalex.org/W4387490289","https://openalex.org/W4387917755","https://openalex.org/W4390729833","https://openalex.org/W4391559422","https://openalex.org/W4392208054","https://openalex.org/W4396680600","https://openalex.org/W4399039223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4327546585","https://openalex.org/W2411923897","https://openalex.org/W4394546135","https://openalex.org/W4285347720","https://openalex.org/W4285590736","https://openalex.org/W4388757850","https://openalex.org/W4391095902","https://openalex.org/W2061417030","https://openalex.org/W2288716091","https://openalex.org/W2080883055"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,32,39,52,57,75,166,177,187],"novel":[4],"millimeter-wave":[5],"liquid-crystal":[6],"(LC)-based":[7],"reconfigurable":[8],"folded":[9],"reflectarray":[10,33],"antenna":[11],"(RFRAA)":[12],"tailored":[13],"for":[14,92,190],"Internet":[15],"of":[16,31,46,79,109,124,171,181],"Vehicles":[17],"(IoV)":[18],"sensing":[19,192],"and":[20,38,63,88,103,148,162,176,193],"communication.":[21],"It":[22,164],"offers":[23],"2-D":[24,153],"beam":[25,117,154],"scanning":[26],"capabilities.":[27],"The":[28,43,60,150],"RFRAA":[29,142,151],"consists":[30],"(RA),":[34],"a$2\\times":[35],"2$feeding":[36],"array,":[37],"polarization-selective":[40],"surface":[41],"(PSS).":[42],"unit":[44,71,101],"cell":[45,102],"the":[47,70,80,85,100,106,110,116,132,160],"RA":[48],"is":[49,97,129,146],"designed":[50],"using":[51],"slot-coupled":[53],"patch":[54],"array":[55,123],"with":[56],"cross-shaped":[58],"slot.":[59],"differential-driven":[61],"structure":[62],"meandered":[64,111],"microstrip":[65,112],"line":[66,113],"are":[67],"added":[68],"into":[69,99],"cell.":[72],"They":[73],"produce":[74],"90\u00b0":[76],"polarization":[77],"rotation":[78],"reflected":[81],"wave":[82,87],"relative":[83],"to":[84,114],"incident":[86],"provide":[89],"phase":[90,107],"compensation":[91],"in-phase":[93],"radiation.":[94],"LC":[95],"substrate":[96],"injected":[98],"can":[104,135],"adjust":[105],"delay":[108],"meet":[115],"scanning.":[118],"To":[119],"minimize":[120],"cross-polarization,":[121],"an":[122],"metallic":[125],"strip":[126],"along":[127],"x-axis":[128],"employed":[130],"as":[131],"PSS,":[133],"it":[134,186],"only":[136],"transmit":[137],"x-polarized":[138],"wave.":[139],"A":[140],"prototyped":[141],"with$15\\times":[143],"15$-unit":[144],"cells":[145],"fabricated":[147],"measured.":[149],"achieves":[152],"steering":[155],"within":[156],"\u00b160\u00b0":[157],"in":[158],"both":[159],"E-plane":[161],"H-plane.":[163],"demonstrates":[165],"peak":[167],"aperture":[168],"efficiency":[169],"(AE)":[170],"29.6%":[172],"at":[173],"24":[174],"GHz":[175],"height-to-dimension":[178],"(H/D)":[179],"ratio":[180],"0.29.":[182],"These":[183],"features":[184],"make":[185],"promising":[188],"candidate":[189],"IoV":[191],"communication":[194],"applications.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
