{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408520132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3552215","title":"Novel Learning-Based Multiuser Detection Algorithms for Spatially Correlated MTC","display_name":"Novel Learning-Based Multiuser Detection Algorithms for Spatially Correlated MTC","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408520132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3552215"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3552215","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3552215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3552215","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021386085","display_name":"Thushan Sivalingam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6790-3464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thushan Sivalingam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Wireless Communications, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Center for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6790-3464","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Wireless Communications, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Center for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008972914","display_name":"Samitha Gunarathne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1242-8584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samitha Gunarathne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Wireless Communications, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Center for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1242-8584","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Wireless Communications, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Center for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011675848","display_name":"Nurul Huda Mahmood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1478-2272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nurul Huda Mahmood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Wireless Communications, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Center for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1478-2272","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Wireless Communications, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Center for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087341629","display_name":"Samad Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1171-8435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samad Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Wireless Communications, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Center for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1171-8435","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Wireless Communications, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Center for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009064777","display_name":"Nandana Rajatheva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7029-5583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nandana Rajatheva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Wireless Communications, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Center for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7029-5583","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Wireless Communications, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Center for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035872239","display_name":"Matti Latva\u2010aho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6261-0969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matti Latva-Aho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Wireless Communications, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Center for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6261-0969","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Wireless Communications, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Center for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021386085"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0613,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91962418,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"13","first_page":"23169","last_page":"23181"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.505299985408783,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.505299985408783,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.46630001068115234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.436599999666214,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8059630393981934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4245555102825165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4206274747848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33465826511383057}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8059630393981934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4245555102825165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4206274747848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33465826511383057}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3552215","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3552215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3552215","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3552215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2469647886","display_name":"6G Flagship - 6G-Enabled Wireless Smart Society & Ecosystem","funder_award_id":"369116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2576260025","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"369116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6500029142","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"8002/31/2022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328501","funder_display_name":"Business Finland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","display_name":"Academy of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328501","display_name":"Business Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05bgf9v38"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1855653084","https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W2008104692","https://openalex.org/W2046658845","https://openalex.org/W2051275493","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2090195299","https://openalex.org/W2101038653","https://openalex.org/W2119456443","https://openalex.org/W2140099565","https://openalex.org/W2422021507","https://openalex.org/W2766736793","https://openalex.org/W2804290997","https://openalex.org/W2899788749","https://openalex.org/W2979317621","https://openalex.org/W3001915958","https://openalex.org/W3027993135","https://openalex.org/W3124442757","https://openalex.org/W3154741957","https://openalex.org/W3176283948","https://openalex.org/W4213019189","https://openalex.org/W4213447155","https://openalex.org/W4221155763","https://openalex.org/W4285124323","https://openalex.org/W4379796013","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4389065273","https://openalex.org/W4392114202","https://openalex.org/W4393033135","https://openalex.org/W4393058480","https://openalex.org/W4400062116","https://openalex.org/W4402039472","https://openalex.org/W4402508586","https://openalex.org/W4404520228","https://openalex.org/W4405180020","https://openalex.org/W4406110443"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4387369504","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Emerging":[0],"massive":[1],"machine-type":[2],"communications":[3],"service":[4],"class":[5],"needs":[6],"to":[7,25,84,125,166,184],"support":[8],"many":[9],"devices":[10,52],"while":[11],"ensuring":[12],"that":[13],"scarce":[14],"radio":[15],"resources":[16],"are":[17],"utilized":[18],"efficiently.":[19],"Nonorthogonal":[20],"multiple":[21],"access":[22],"is":[23,43],"proposed":[24,177],"minimize":[26],"the":[27,36,39,46,54,59,86,90,150,167,173,176,185],"signaling":[28],"overhead":[29],"and":[30,61,135],"optimize":[31],"resource":[32],"allocation.":[33],"However,":[34],"during":[35],"initial":[37],"access,":[38],"base":[40],"station":[41],"(BS)":[42],"presented":[44],"with":[45],"challenge":[47],"of":[48,56,152,175],"identifying":[49],"sparsely":[50],"active":[51],"in":[53,68,103,179],"absence":[55],"knowledge":[57],"about":[58],"sparsity":[60],"channel":[62],"state":[63],"information.":[64],"The":[65],"user":[66],"channels":[67],"most":[69],"practical":[70],"scenarios":[71],"have":[72],"common":[73],"reflection":[74],"paths,":[75],"making":[76],"them":[77],"partially":[78],"correlated,":[79],"which":[80,108,157],"can":[81,158],"be":[82],"exploited":[83],"improve":[85],"detection":[87,100],"performance":[88],"at":[89],"BS.":[91],"In":[92],"this":[93,127],"context,":[94],"we":[95,109],"formulate":[96],"a":[97,112,131,138],"novel":[98],"multiuser":[99],"(MUD)":[101],"problem":[102,115],"spatially":[104],"correlated":[105],"Rician":[106],"channels,":[107],"reformulate":[110],"as":[111],"multilabel":[113],"classification":[114],"utilizing":[116],"deep":[117,141],"learning":[118],"techniques.":[119],"We":[120],"propose":[121],"two":[122],"diverse":[123],"approaches":[124],"tackle":[126],"problem:":[128],"1)":[129],"ViT-Net,":[130],"vision":[132],"transformer-based":[133],"architecture,":[134],"2)":[136],"FAR-Net,":[137],"fully":[139],"activated":[140],"neural":[142],"network":[143],"featuring":[144],"residual":[145],"connections.":[146],"Our":[147],"analysis":[148],"highlights":[149],"significance":[151],"spatial":[153,181],"correlation":[154,182],"for":[155],"MUD,":[156],"accord":[159],"around":[160],"13%":[161],"higher":[162],"overloading":[163],"ratio":[164],"compared":[165,183],"noncorrelated":[168],"scenario.":[169],"Numerical":[170],"evaluations":[171],"demonstrate":[172],"effectiveness":[174],"model":[178],"addressing":[180],"existing":[186],"deep-learning":[187],"models.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-02T09:04:35.204637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
