{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408280943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3549438","title":"A Novel-Deep-Neural-Network-Architecture-Based GAN-DRANet for DOA Sensing With an Enhanced Performance in Low SNR","display_name":"A Novel-Deep-Neural-Network-Architecture-Based GAN-DRANet for DOA Sensing With an Enhanced Performance in Low SNR","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408280943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3549438"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3549438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3549438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070990928","display_name":"Jiatong Bai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiatong Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044969631","display_name":"Feng Shu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0073-1965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Shu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China","School of Information and Communication Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Technology, Hainan University, Haikou"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0073-1965","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Technology, Hainan University, Haikou","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004646444","display_name":"Wei Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8600-4752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8600-4752","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009513215","display_name":"Guilu Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-9358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guilu Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-9358","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034493481","display_name":"Weiwei Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0220-4088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiwei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communications Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA Nanjing, Nanjing, China","college of Communications Engineering Army Engineering University of PLA Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0220-4088","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communications Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA Nanjing, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"college of Communications Engineering Army Engineering University of PLA Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076921272","display_name":"Riqing Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7828-550X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61057504","display_name":"Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04kx2sy84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I61057504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riqing Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7828-550X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61057504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053896662","display_name":"Zhihong Zhuang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihong Zhuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070990928"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1733,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87436668,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"13","first_page":"22610","last_page":"22622"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.8799999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.8799999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.8644999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.8560000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7903434038162231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6124194264411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.45774123072624207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.40703874826431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4046429991722107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.38206738233566284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08868485689163208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7903434038162231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6124194264411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.45774123072624207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.40703874826431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4046429991722107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38206738233566284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08868485689163208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jiot.2025.3549438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3549438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2480266640","display_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","issn_l":"2327-4662","issn":["2327-4662","2372-2541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5468035466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22A2002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7067429346","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"XTCX2022XXC07","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315841","funder_display_name":"National Center for Women and Information Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315841","display_name":"National Center for Women and Information Technology","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1961498716","https://openalex.org/W1974513581","https://openalex.org/W1978508564","https://openalex.org/W2033332370","https://openalex.org/W2097727109","https://openalex.org/W2110789499","https://openalex.org/W2116414176","https://openalex.org/W2130058948","https://openalex.org/W2136172079","https://openalex.org/W2158539962","https://openalex.org/W2162654459","https://openalex.org/W2320827350","https://openalex.org/W2529048811","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2885219692","https://openalex.org/W2898755346","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2963456405","https://openalex.org/W2999683817","https://openalex.org/W3018338836","https://openalex.org/W3094974479","https://openalex.org/W3104690928","https://openalex.org/W3133467166","https://openalex.org/W3199965690","https://openalex.org/W4226063050","https://openalex.org/W4285246821","https://openalex.org/W4285590943","https://openalex.org/W4289752563","https://openalex.org/W4312439630","https://openalex.org/W4361803525","https://openalex.org/W4381328873","https://openalex.org/W4383427890","https://openalex.org/W4387068083","https://openalex.org/W4388682550","https://openalex.org/W4388754419","https://openalex.org/W4389664750","https://openalex.org/W4390278296","https://openalex.org/W4391365655","https://openalex.org/W4391454495","https://openalex.org/W4392172636","https://openalex.org/W4392640556","https://openalex.org/W4394862981","https://openalex.org/W4401246987","https://openalex.org/W4402435314","https://openalex.org/W4404739369","https://openalex.org/W6910546390"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2588198209","https://openalex.org/W1909006023","https://openalex.org/W4205824991","https://openalex.org/W3200723557","https://openalex.org/W4312713546","https://openalex.org/W2362195430","https://openalex.org/W2347494122","https://openalex.org/W2567983276","https://openalex.org/W2802298219","https://openalex.org/W2038503502"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"extremely":[1,169],"low":[2,170],"signal-to-noise":[3],"ratio":[4],"(SNR)":[5],"region,":[6],"the":[7,11,32,46,96,134,159,165,168,175,180],"useful":[8],"features":[9,48,85,151],"of":[10,52,98,179],"signal":[12,34,84],"are":[13,87],"weakened":[14],"by":[15,89],"higher-power":[16],"noise,":[17],"making":[18],"it":[19,81,147],"difficult":[20],"for":[21],"conventional":[22],"direction-of-arrival":[23],"(DOA)":[24],"estimation":[25,104,122,176],"methods":[26],"to":[27,44,94,118,148,190],"adequately":[28],"exploit":[29],"and":[30,49,64,131,144,173,186],"extract":[31],"low-SNR":[33,63],"features.":[35,139],"Thus,":[36],"a":[37,60,110],"generative":[38],"adversarial":[39],"network":[40,101,114,135],"(GAN)":[41],"is":[42,116],"presented":[43],"learn":[45],"underlying":[47],"complex":[50],"distributions":[51],"high-SNR":[53,65,71,78],"covariance":[54,66,72],"matrices.":[55,79],"The":[56,154],"introduced":[57],"GAN":[58],"establishes":[59],"mapping":[61],"between":[62],"matrices,":[67],"thereby":[68],"generating":[69],"first-rate":[70],"matrices":[73],"that":[74,86,158],"closely":[75],"resemble":[76],"real":[77],"Also,":[80],"effectively":[82,136],"captures":[83],"overwhelmed":[88],"excessive":[90],"noise":[91],"power.":[92],"Additionally,":[93],"improve":[95],"performance":[97],"convolutional":[99],"neural":[100],"(CNN)-based":[102],"DOA":[103,121],"models":[105],"in":[106,124,167,188],"medium-to-high":[107],"SNR":[108,126,171,192],"ranges,":[109],"deep":[111],"residual":[112,130],"attention":[113,132],"(DRANet)":[115],"designed":[117],"significantly":[119],"enhance":[120],"accuracy":[123],"such":[125],"region.":[127],"By":[128],"integrating":[129],"modules,":[133],"filters":[137],"key":[138],"This":[140],"enhances":[141],"feature":[142],"learning":[143],"adaptability,":[145],"allowing":[146],"capture":[149],"DOA-related":[150],"more":[152],"proficiently.":[153],"experimental":[155],"results":[156],"indicate":[157],"developed":[160],"GAN-DRANet":[161],"approach":[162,164],"can":[163],"CRLB":[166],"range":[172],"improves":[174],"resolution":[177],"limits":[178],"other":[181],"two":[182],"DL-based":[183],"methods,":[184],"DNN":[185],"CNN,":[187],"medium":[189],"high":[191],"conditions.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}